Phenolic Profiles of Red Wine Relate to Vascular Endothelial Benefits Mediated by SIRT1 and SIRT6

Abstract

Dietary phenolic compounds possess potent bioactivity against inflammatory pathways of chronic inflammatory conditions, such as type 2 diabetes. Here, the phenolic profile and bioactivity of Italian red wines Gaglioppo, Magliocco, and Nerello Mascalese were characterized. NMR, HPLC/UV-Vis and spectrophotometric characterization showed that Magliocco was the richest wine in monomeric anthocyanins (two-fold), catechins, and low molecular weight phenolics (LMWP). A positive correlation was observed between the polyphenolic content and antioxidant capacity (p < 0.05), with Magliocco displaying the highest antioxidant capacity (p < 0.01). In vitro evidence on the endothelial cell models of insulin resistance and hyperglycemia showed the ability of Magliocco to reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS) (p < 0.01) and cytokine release (p < 0.01) and to upregulate SIRT1 and SIRT6 (p < 0.01). On the whole, the results indicated that the quantitative and qualitative phenolic profiles of red wines influence their in vitro beneficial effects on oxidative and proinflammatory milieu in endothelial cells, showing a positive modulation of SIRT1 and SIRT6, both implied in vascular aging.

“Good Wine Makes Good Blood”: An Integrated Approach to Characterize Autochthonous Apulian Grapevines as Promising Candidates for Healthy Wines

“…These findings, indeed, revealed that the quantitative and the qualitative composition of the extracts, in terms of polyphenols, plays a key role in the oxidative response. In an endothelial model of insulin resistance and hyperglycemia, Magliocco wine, which contains a higher level of malvidin compared with Gaglioppo and Nerello wines, exerted the highest antioxidant ability 49 . Interestingly, N and P that have a slightly lower content of malvidin 3-glu, did not reduce the tBHP-induced ROS generation.…”

MiR-15b-5p and PCSK9 inhibition reduces lipopolysaccharide-induced endothelial dysfunction by targeting SIRT4

“…Immunofluorescence detection of PCSK9 was assessed in EC as previously reported [ 52 ]. Images were obtained with a LSM 700 confocal microscope while the analysis was estimated with ImageJ 1.52n software.…”

Physiological and pathological characteristics of vascular endothelial injury in diabetes and the regulatory mechanism of autophagy

“…D’Onofrio N et al. inhibit the oxidative stress response, exert cardiovascular protective effects, and regulate the redox status of endothelial mitochondria by regulating mitochondrial sirtuins (such as SIRT1, SIRT3, and SIRT6) ( 13 , 34 , 59 ). Insulin stabilizes cardiovascular function by stimulating ECs to secrete NO, but IR inhibits the signal pathway of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/v-Akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog (Akt) that produces NO, resulting in eNOS inactivation and insufficient NO production ( 60 , 61 ).…”

“…In addition, high glucose levels promote the expression of mitochondrial fissionrelated proteins, such as dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) and fission 1 (Fis1), thereby impairing mitochondrial function, promoting ROS accumulation, reducing eNOS activity and NO bioavailability, and aggravating endothelial dysfunction (57,58). D'Onofrio N et al inhibit the oxidative stress response, exert cardiovascular protective effects, and regulate the redox status of endothelial mitochondria by regulating mitochondrial sirtuins (such as SIRT1, SIRT3, and SIRT6) (13,34,59). Insulin stabilizes cardiovascular function by stimulating ECs to secrete NO, but IR inhibits the signal pathway of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/v-Akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog (Akt) that produces NO, resulting in eNOS inactivation and insufficient NO production (60,61).…”