Phenolic Profiling, In Vitro Antiglycation, Antioxidant Activities, and Antidiabetic Effect of Algerian Trigonella Foenum‐Graecum L. in Rats Administered a β‐Cell Toxicant

Abstract

This study sought to assess quantitatively individual and total polyphenols, mineral composition, antioxidant and antiglycation activity of Algerian fenugreek seeds (AFS) as well as the protective effect of its supplementation on streptozotocin (STZ)‐induced diabetic rats via alleviation of oxidative stress, inflammation and histological disarray. Forty rats were partitioned into four groups (i) non‐diabetic rats, (ii) non‐diabetic rats+ 10% AFS, (iii) diabetic rats, (iv) diabetic rats +10% AFS. Flame‐SAA analysis revealed a rich content in micro‐elements, HPLC‐DAD‐LFD analysis revealed several components with rutin and ferulic acid being the major compounds in AFS hydro‐methanolic extract while spectrophotometric assays scrutinized moderate contents in total phenolic and flavonoids. The extract was potent in scavenging ABTS•+, DPPH+, reducing Fe3+, Mo6+ and inhibiting AGEs. In vivo, 10%AFS‐ supplemented diet (w/w) was found to elicit a significant reduction in glycemia, TNF‐α, IL‐6, CRP, liver markers, lipid peroxidation (MDA) and protein carbonyl (PCO) along with improvement in reduced glutathione (GSH) amount, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT) and glutathione‐S‐transferase (GST) activities with rejuvenation of hepatic and pancreatic micro‐anatomical features. These outcomes disclosed that AFS is endowed with biologically effective components which could be decent applicant to attain the objective of glycation, oxidative stress and mitigating diabetes‐related complications.