Phenological adaptation in weeds-an evolutionary response to the use of herbicides?

Mortimer, A. M.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9063(199711)51:3<299::aid-ps653>3.0.co;2-i

Cited by 49 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Mortimer (1997) indicated that one of the evolutionary responses used to avoid selection pressure from herbicides is the selection of individuals with deep dormancy; individuals that germinate later are more likely to complete their life cycle compared with those that have received herbicide application. Thus, with the disappearance of the selective factor, delayed germination may represent a disadvantage for the establishment of seedlings, which could cause the elimination of R plants and thus return of the population to the S state (Maxwell et al, 1990).…”

Section: Jesús R Torres-garcía Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of herbicide resistance on seed physiology of Phalaris minor (littleseed canarygrass)

et al. 2015

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Abstract:Herbicide resistance is an evolutionary process that may involve changes in physiological and ecological traits related to plant fi tness. This type of resistance occurs in littleseed canarygrass (Phalaris minor). This study was aimed to determine the effect of resistance to ACCase-inhibiting herbicides on fi tness of seed accessions of littleseed canarygrass. Seed characteristics are important because they may determine the outcome of competition between susceptible (S) and resistant (R) biotypes. Experiments were performed to determine whether differences between S and R accessions in embryo size, dormancy, longevity, and germination speed might occur. Differences in plant fi tness associated to herbicide resistance were found in seed physiological characteristics. The embryo size of R accessions was reduced up to 50 % (on a dry weight basis), which resulted in an increase in the number of days required to germinate and a reduction in the germination speed. Damage to membranes, which is related to longevity, was more severe in the R accessions. The observed decrease in seed vigor could affect the establishment of seedlings, which may explain the low success of R accessions under herbicide selection pressure. Key words: ACCase-inhibiting herbicides, fi tness, germination, dormancy, longevity, vigor.Resumen: La resistencia a herbicidas es un proceso evolutivo que puede involucrar cambios en caracteres ecológicos y fi siológi-cos asociados con la adecuación de las plantas. Este tipo de resistencia ocurre en Phalaris minor. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el efecto de la resistencia a herbicidas inhibidores de la ACCasa en la aptitud de las semillas de Phalaris minor. Las características de las semillas son importantes debido a que la competencia entre biotipos susceptibles (S) y resistentes (R) inicia en esta etapa. Una serie de experimentos fueron realizados para determinar si existen diferencias entre colectas S y R en aspectos como el tamaño del embrión, latencia, longevidad y velocidad de germinación. Se encontraron diferencias en la aptitud asociadas con la resistencia a herbicidas, las cuales mostraron diferencias en la calidad fi siológica de las semillas. El tamaño del embrión de las colectas R se redujo en un 50 % (con base en la materia seca), lo cual ocasionó un incremento en el número de días a la germinación y la reducción de la velocidad de germinación. El daño en las membranas, que fue usado como una medida para indicar la longevidad, fue más severo en las colectas R. La reducción observada en el vigor de las semillas podría afectar el establecimiento de las plántulas, y podría dar una explicación del bajo establecimiento de las colectas R cuando la presión de selección del herbicida está ausente. Palabras clave: aptitud, germinación, herbicidas inhibidores de la ACCasa, latencia, longevidad, vigor.

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Section: Jesús R Torres-garcía Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of herbicide resistance on seed physiology of Phalaris minor (littleseed canarygrass)

et al. 2015

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“…Reductions in the biological cycle of the Gto and Col 4 biotypes were observed and might be related to selection pressure on life history components in these populations. Changes in phenology also have been observed as an evolutionary response to adapt to agroecosystems, mainly in relation to the timing of the crop cycle (Duke 1985, Weinig 2005, Kawecki 2008) and in response to the application of herbicides and other cultural practices (Mortimer 1997). These characteristics could be an indicator that the biotypes Col 4 and Gto, in addition of being resistant, are also adapted to agricultural practices.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution, growth and phenology of Phalaris minor biotypes resistant to ACCase-inhibiting herbicides in Mexico

et al. 2018

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Background: Herbicide application to control weeds can promote a rapid selection of resistant phenotypes in small geographic areas. Also, in areas with a spatial heterogeneous management, resistance may evolve independently, promoting local adaptation in weeds. In the mexican region known as "El Bajio," 100,000 ha are cultivated with wheat, and the weed Phalaris minor, resistant to ACCase-inhibiting herbicides is commonly present. Question:We aim to identify the population structure of two genes in four different P. minor biotypes from "El Bajio" and to determine their association with phenology and plant growth differences (biomass and seed yield) that may contribute to survival in the agricultural environment.Studied species: Phalaris minor Retz. Study site and years of study: The study was carried out at a greenhouse and at the molecular biology laboratory of the Colegio de Postgraduados, during 2013 and 2014. Methods:The diversity of the psbA gene and the sequence of two ACCase gene fragments as well as phenology, growth and biomass allocation were evaluated. Results:Results indicated different polymorphism levels for the two genes. There were no differences in the psbA gene between biotypes, although the ACCase gene exhibited high polymorphism level. In addition, each biotype showed differences in phenology, biomass accumulation and fecundity. Conclusions:The ACCase-inhibiting herbicide resistance in "El Bajio" region might be a resistance hotspot leading to the local adaptation of weeds.Key words: Evolution, herbicide resistance, local adaptation. ResumenAntecedentes: La aplicación de herbicidas para el control de las malezas puede fomentar una rápida selección de fenotipos resistentes en áreas geográficas pequeñas. También, en áreas con un manejo heterogeneo espacial, la resistencia puede evolucionar independientemente, promoviendo adaptaciones locales de las malezas. En la region mexicana conocida como "El Bajío", se cultivan 100,000 ha con trigo, y la maleza Phalaris minor, resistente a herbicidas inhibidores de la ACCasa está comunmente presente.Pregunta: El objetivo fue identificar la estructura poblacional de dos genes en cuatro biotipos diferentes de P. minor de "El Bajío" y determinar su asociación con las diferencias en fenología y crecimiento de la planta (biomasa y rendimiento de semilla) que puedan contribuir a la sobrevivencia en campos agrícolas.Especie estudiada: Phalaris minor Retz. Sitio y años de estudio: El estudio se realizó en un invernadero y en el laboratorio de Biología Molecular del Colegio de Postgraduados durante 2013 y 2014.Métodos: La diversidad del gen psbA y la secuencia de dos fragmentos del gen ACCasa fueron evaluados, así como también la fenología, el crecimiento y la asignación de biomasa.Resultados: Los resultados indicaron diferentes niveles de polimorfismo para los dos genes. No hubieron diferencias en el gen psbA entre los biotipos, aunque el gen ACCasa exhibió nivel alto de polimorfismo. Además, cada biotipo mostró diferencias en la fenología, acumulación de ...

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“…Dormancy and asynchronous germination are common traits in weeds, and they vary both among and within species. Since these traits are partly genetically determined, they may evolve in response to management practices . Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the durability of herbicide‐based management strategies should consider not only the evolution of herbicide resistance, but also the evolution of phenological traits such as seed dormancy, and the likely interactions between phenological evolutions and the evolution of herbicide resistance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between weed dormancy and herbicide rotations: implications in resistance evolution

Darmency

Colbach

Corre

2017

Pest Management Science

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It is suggested that selection for late germinating seed cohorts is significantly associated with herbicide resistance in some cropping systems. In turn, it is conceivable that rotating herbicide modes of action selects for populations with mutations for increased secondary dormancy, thus partially overcoming the delaying effect of rotation on resistance evolution. Modified seed dormancy could affect management strategies - like herbicide rotation - that are used to prevent or control herbicide resistance. Here, we review the literature for data on seed dormancy and germination dynamics of herbicide-resistant versus susceptible plants. Few studies use plant material with similar genetic backgrounds, so there are few really comparative data. Increased dormancy and delayed germination may co-occur with resistance to ACCase inhibitors, but there is no clear-cut link with resistance to other herbicide classes. Population shifts are due in part to pleiotropic effects of the resistance genes, but interaction with the cropping system is also possible. We provide an example of a model simulation that accounts for genetic diversity in the dormancy trait, and subsequent consequences for various cropping systems. We strongly recommend adding more accurate and detailed mechanistic modelling to the current tools used today to predict the efficiency of prevention and management of herbicide resistance. These models should be validated through long-term experimental designs including mono-herbicide versus chemical rotation in the field. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.

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Phenological adaptation in weeds-an evolutionary response to the use of herbicides?

Cited by 49 publications

References 24 publications

Effect of herbicide resistance on seed physiology of Phalaris minor (littleseed canarygrass)

Effect of herbicide resistance on seed physiology of Phalaris minor (littleseed canarygrass)

Evolution, growth and phenology of Phalaris minor biotypes resistant to ACCase-inhibiting herbicides in Mexico

Relationship between weed dormancy and herbicide rotations: implications in resistance evolution

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