Phenological documentation of Lantana camara L. using modified BBCH scale in relation to climatic variables

Kumar, Abhishek; Singh, Sanjay; Chand, Harish Bahadur; Kumar, Ranjan

doi:10.14719/pst.1481

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…While BBCH scales have previously been documented for Aegle marmelos (AM) 63 , Lantana camara (LC) 64 , and Broussonetia papyrifera (BP) 65 , it is important to note that such a scale was hitherto unavailable for Pterospermum acerifolium (PA) , Urtica dioica (UD), Pongamia pinnata (PP) , Justicia adathoda (JA), and Bauhinia variegata (BV). To precisely monitor vegetative and reproductive phases during the growing period, periodic visits were made every two weeks.…”

Section: Methods and Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the phenology and interactions of competitive plant species co-occurring with invasive Lantana camara in Indian Himalayan Region

Kumar,

Singh,

Kumar

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Invasive plant species are considered one of the significant drivers of habitat loss, leading to biodiversity loss. They have also been observed to alter the local ecology, resulting in a decline of native flora. The management of invasive species is widely recognised as one of the most severe challenges to biodiversity conservation. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) considers Lantana camara, as one of the ten worst weeds. Over time, native and indigenous species may evolve to co-exist or compete with invasive species, reducing invader fitness. It is observed that species competition fluctuates throughout environmental gradients, life phases, and abundances. Hence, competition outcome is very context-dependent. To address this challenge, we conducted a comprehensive study in three phases: we identified native species coexisting with Lantana in their natural habitats in the Doon Valley (Phase I) and documented the phenotypic traits of selected coexisting species using the Landmark BBCH (Biologische Bun-desantalt, Bundessortenamt und Chemische Industrie) scale, revealing the phenological growth patterns of selected co-existing species (Phase II). This was followed by conducting pot (Phase IIIa) and field (Phase IIIb) experiments to study the interactions between them. Notably, Justicia adhatoda, Broussonetia papyrifera, Pongamia pinnata, Urtica dioica and Bauhinia variegata demonstrated promising results in both pot and field conditions. Furthermore, after the mechanical removal of Lantana and prior to the plantation in the field experiments, four native grass species were introduced using the seed ball method. Among these, Pennisetum pedicellatum and Sorghum halpense exhibited prompt regeneration and effectively colonised the field, densely covering the cleared area. The study provides a comprehensive management plan for the restoration of Lantana affected areas through competition using native species. This study utilizes phenological assessment for native plant selection using reclamation from native grasses and proposes a management plan for combating invasive Lantana.

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Section: Methods and Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the phenology and interactions of competitive plant species co-occurring with invasive Lantana camara in Indian Himalayan Region

Kumar,

Singh,

Kumar

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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“…The scale uses bi-numeric codes to indicate important Principal Growth Stages (PGSs, 0-9) and related secondary growth stages (SGSs, 0-9). Following the previous study of the BBCH scale for Lantana 41 , we propose BBCH scale for ve other native plants used in experiments in competition with Lantana for the rst time (Fig. 5) following the pattern of PGS stages as mentioned in (Table 1).…”

Section: Phenological Documentation Using Bbch Scale For Understandin...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the phenology and interactions of competitive plant species co-occurring with invasive Lantana camara in Indian Himalayan Region.

Kumar¹,

Singh

Kumar³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Invasive plant species are considered one of the significant drivers of habitat loss for endangered plants by strangling and covering native flora in various biogeographical zones. They have also been observed to alter the local ecology, resulting in a decline in the frequency and abundance of native inhabitants that the invaded region supports. The settlement of aggressively spreading invasive species is widely recognized as one of the most severe challenges to biodiversity conservation. Lantana camara is an invasive that affects the local biodiversity and is considered one of the ten worst weeds by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Native and indigenous species may evolve to compete with invasive species, reducing invader fitness. It is observed that species competition fluctuates throughout environmental gradients, life phases, and abundances. Hence competition outcome is very context-dependent.In the present study, we conducted field surveys in Doon Valley of the Indian Himalayan Region (IHR) to screen the species growing and competing with Lantana camara. We identified the potential competitor species based on the Domin-Karajin scale and IVI. In our experiments, we observed phenological growth patterns (using the BBCH scale) for these species with Lantana and conducted experiments for intra and interspecific competition using RII (Relative Interaction Index). We suggest native species that can potentially reduce Lantana's invasiveness. The present study will be helpful for policymakers and park management authorities to adopt the use of competitive native species for dealing with invasives in the IHR.

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Phenology and Population Differentiation in Reproductive Plasticity in Feathertop Rhodes Grass (Chloris virgata Sw.)

Asaduzzaman

Wu²,

Koetz

et al. 2022

Agronomy

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An understanding of phenology and reproductive plasticity of a weed species can provide valuable information to manage it precisely. This study evaluated the phenotypic plasticity of feathertop Rhodes grass (Chloris virgata Sw.) where cohorts of four different populations (two from cropping and two from roadside situations) were initiated in early spring (4 September), late spring (4 November), mid-summer (4 January), and early autumn (4 March) in southern New South Wales (NSW), Australia. The team grew individual plants in the absence of competition under natural conditions. Life-history and fitness-related traits of both phenology and morphology were measured, and dry biomass of vegetative and reproductive parts were determined at physiological maturity. Among the four sowing times, the late-spring sowing treatment took the longest time from emergence to the first seed head emergence (70–110 days), while it had the shortest seed maturity period (8–16 days). Length of reproductive and total life period of the four populations differed across the four sowing-time treatments. The plants that emerged in mid-summer had the longest reproductive period (30 days) whereas the early-autumn emerging plants died before the reproductive stage because of the cold temperatures during winter. The mid-summer cohort required slightly longer time (63–85 days) to achieve seed head formation and less time (19–24 days) for seed maturity than those plants that emerged in early or late spring. All the reproductive features were varied by sowing times and population. The number of seed heads (12–15 per plant) and spikelets (12–13 per seed head), as well as the seed head biomass, re-productive biomass allocation pattern, and seed production, generally increased in the mid-summer-emerged cohort. Seed production in the mid-summer (9942 seeds/plant) cohort was 10% and 70% higher than the late spring (8000 seeds/plant) and early spring (3240 seeds/plant) cohorts, respectively. The ratio of reproductive biomass to vegetative biomass increased in the mid-summer sowing times in all populations, and this species displayed true plasticity in reproductive allocation. Additionally, the four populations of feathertop Rhodes grass differed significantly in phenological, vegetative, and reproductive traits, depending on the sowing time. The reproductive fitness of the four populations varied, with the two roadside populations (FELT 04/20 and STURT/16–17) appearing to be better adapted than the two cropping populations (PARK 01/20 and GLEN 03/18). The results from our study could help construct a basic framework for a variety of weed-management tactics to achieve successful control.

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Phenological documentation of Lantana camara L. using modified BBCH scale in relation to climatic variables

Cited by 3 publications

References 19 publications

Investigating the phenology and interactions of competitive plant species co-occurring with invasive Lantana camara in Indian Himalayan Region

Investigating the phenology and interactions of competitive plant species co-occurring with invasive Lantana camara in Indian Himalayan Region

Investigating the phenology and interactions of competitive plant species co-occurring with invasive Lantana camara in Indian Himalayan Region.

Phenology and Population Differentiation in Reproductive Plasticity in Feathertop Rhodes Grass (Chloris virgata Sw.)

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