Phenology and litterfall dynamics structuring Ecosystem productivity in a tropical mangrove stand on South West coast of India

Varghese, Rani; Sreelekshmi, S.; Preethy, C. M.; BijoyNandan, S

doi:10.1016/j.rsma.2016.02.008

Cited by 26 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Although MODIS has been less successful in retrieving phenology over evergreen forests [83], we found clear mangrove phenologies in Southern Thailand with SOS, POS and EOS in April-June, August-October and subsequent year January-February, respectively ( Figure 5). The SOS occurred before pre-monsoon, POS occurred during the monsoon and EOS occurred post-monsoon, which corresponded to maximum litter fall period of tropical mangroves in India [118], corresponding to the study of Pastor-Guzman et al [84] who reported the SOS and EOS of mangroves at Yucatan Peninsula coastline, Mexico was related with rainfall seasonality, with SOS occurring from late dry season to the rainy season and EOS occurring from mid-dry season to late rainy season. The LOS of mangroves at our study sites was found to be about 8-9 months.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Mangrove Phenology and Environmental Drivers Derived from Remote Sensing in Southern Thailand

et al. 2019

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Vegetation phenology is the annual cycle timing of vegetation growth. Mangrove phenology is a vital component to assess mangrove viability and includes start of season (SOS), end of season (EOS), peak of season (POS), and length of season (LOS). Potential environmental drivers include air temperature (Ta), surface temperature (Ts), sea surface temperature (SST), rainfall, sea surface salinity (SSS), and radiation flux (Ra). The Enhanced vegetation index (EVI) was calculated from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS, MOD13Q1) data over five study sites between 2003 and 2012. Four of the mangrove study sites were located on the Malay Peninsula on the Andaman Sea and one site located on the Gulf of Thailand. The goals of this study were to characterize phenology patterns across equatorial Thailand Indo-Malay mangrove forests, identify climatic and aquatic drivers of mangrove seasonality, and compare mangrove phenologies with surrounding upland tropical forests. Our results show the seasonality of mangrove growth was distinctly different from the surrounding land-based tropical forests. The mangrove growth season was approximately 8–9 months duration, starting in April to June, peaking in August to October and ending in January to February of the following year. The 10-year trend analysis revealed significant delaying trends in SOS, POS, and EOS for the Andaman Sea sites but only for EOS at the Gulf of Thailand site. The cumulative rainfall is likely to be the main factor driving later mangrove phenologies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Mangrove Phenology and Environmental Drivers Derived from Remote Sensing in Southern Thailand

et al. 2019

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“…It has been reported that mangroves generally have a unimodal, or in some cases bimodal, leafing pattern (Saenger and Moverley 1985;Upadhyay and Mishra 2010). Mangrove phenology is closely related to rainfall, temperature, radiation, and windspeed (Sharma et al 2012;Kamruzzaman et al 2016;Rani et al 2016). Past studies based on ground-level monitoring have also revealed that the Sundarbans mangrove trees exhibit unimodal characteristics (Rahman and Islam 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The freshwater supply leads to vegetative growth and leaf flushing (Chowdhury et al 2016). The phenology of the Sundarbans mangrove forest exhibits a clear seasonality, probably in response to the seasonality of environmental conditions (Ghosh and Banerjee 2013;Rahman and Islam 2015;Rani et al 2016). The seasonality of litterfall in relation to differences in rainfall, temperature, freshwater availability, level of salinity, and low tides between pre-and post-monsoon months has been documented in the Sundarbans (Chowdhury et al 2016;Kamruzzaman et al 2019a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elucidating the phenology of the Sundarbans mangrove forest using 18-year time series of MODIS vegetation indices

Mandal

Kamruzzaman

Hosaka

2020

Tropics

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Mangrove forests are the most carbon-rich ecosystems in the world however, baseline information on its phenology is poor. Information on seasonal changes in canopy greenness, which reflects the level of photosynthetic activity, is helpful for understanding seasonal patterns of carbon uptake by mangrove forests. To elucidate the periodicity, timing, and length of the active photosynthetic season, we examined temporal patterns in enhanced vegetation index (EVI) and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) derived from 18-year (2001 2018) Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer images for four major forest types in the Sundarbans, Bangladesh. We identified a dominant cycle for the time-series of EVI and NDVI after Fourier transformation. We also estimated four phenological dates among the forest types: the start of the season (SOS), time of maximum greenness (MaxGreen), end of the season (EOS), and length of the season (LOS). Fourier analysis revealed that both the NDVI and EVI exhibited distinct cycles per year for all forest types, suggesting that there are annual cycles of canopy greenness. The SOS as estimated using the EVI and NDVI was consistently from late May to mid-June across forest types. However, the MaxGreen, EOS and LOS estimated varied between the two indices. Because EVI-based phenological dates match better with phenological information at the ground level than do NDVI-based dates, the EVI would be better than the NDVI for depicting changes in canopy greenness. The results of this study provide baseline information for future phenological changes in the Sundarbans.

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“…Various studies have also suggested that seasonal greenness measures of mangrove forests depend on leaf flushing and leaf development, as well as rates and periods of litter fall [32]. Pastor-Guzman et al [32] found that the litter fall of mangroves in southeast Mexico showed higher rates during the ends of both the dry and wet seasons, while other tropical mangrove studies in India have reported maximum litter fall during the pre-and post-monsoon periods [22,68]. In our study, we lacked information on litter fall and could not assess its influence in the interpretation of the GCC mangrove phenology profiles.…”

Section: Mangrove Forest Phenologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mangrove Phenology and Water Influences Measured with Digital Repeat Photography

et al. 2021

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The intertidal habitat of mangroves is very complex due to the dynamic roles of land and sea drivers. Knowledge of mangrove phenology can help in understanding mangrove growth cycles and their responses to climate and environmental changes. Studies of phenology based on digital repeat photography, or phenocams, have been successful in many terrestrial forests and other ecosystems, however few phenocam studies in mangrove forests showing the influence and interactions of water color and tidal water levels have been performed in sub-tropical and equatorial environments. In this study, we investigated the diurnal and seasonal patterns of an equatorial mangrove forest area at an Andaman Sea site in Phuket province, Southern Thailand, using two phenocams placed at different elevations and with different view orientations, which continuously monitored vegetation and water dynamics from July 2015 to August 2016. The aims of this study were to investigate fine-resolution, in situ mangrove forest phenology and assess the influence and interactions of water color and tidal water levels on the mangrove–water canopy signal. Diurnal and seasonal patterns of red, green, and blue chromatic coordinate (RCC, GCC, and BCC) indices were analyzed over various mangrove forest and water regions of interest (ROI). GCC signals from the water background were found to positively track diurnal water levels, while RCC signals were negatively related with tidal water levels, hence lower water levels yielded higher RCC values, reflecting brownish water colors and increased soil and mud exposure. At seasonal scales, the GCC profiles of the mangrove forest peaked in the dry season and were negatively related with the water level, however the inclusion of the water background signal dampened this relationship. We also detected a strong lunar tidal water periodicity in seasonal GCC values that was not only present in the water background, but was also detected in the mangrove–water canopy and mangrove forest phenology profiles. This suggests significant interactions between mangrove forests and their water backgrounds (color and depth), which may need to be accounted for in upscaling and coupling with satellite-based mangrove monitoring.

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Phenology and litterfall dynamics structuring Ecosystem productivity in a tropical mangrove stand on South West coast of India

Cited by 26 publications

References 25 publications

Mangrove Phenology and Environmental Drivers Derived from Remote Sensing in Southern Thailand

Mangrove Phenology and Environmental Drivers Derived from Remote Sensing in Southern Thailand

Elucidating the phenology of the Sundarbans mangrove forest using 18-year time series of MODIS vegetation indices

Mangrove Phenology and Water Influences Measured with Digital Repeat Photography

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