Phenomenological Modeling of Critical Condensate Saturation and Relative Permeabilities in Gas/ Condensate Systems

Abstract

The effects of gravity, viscous forces, interfacial tension, and wettability on the critical condensate saturation and relative permeability of gas condensate systems are studied using a phenomenological simple network model. The results from the simple model show that wettability significantly affects both critical condensate saturation and relative permeability. Relative permeability at some saturations may increase significantly as the contact angle is altered from 0°͑strongly liquid-wet͒ to 85°͑intermediately gas-wet͒. The results suggest that gas well deliverability in condensate reservoirs can be enhanced by wettability alteration near the wellbore.

Interrelationship between Resistivity Index, Capillary Pressure and Relative Permeability

“…However, it is expensive, difficult, and time-consuming to measure capillary pressure and relative permeability in many cases, especially in cases in which phase transformation and mass transfer exist between the two phases as pressure changes. These include steam-water flow Horne 2001, 2004), gas-condensate flow (App and Burger 2009;Kumar et al 2006;Li and Firoozabadi 2000), CO 2 -oil flow (Dria et al 1993), CO 2 -water flow (Bennion and Bachu 2008), etc. It is also difficult to maintain exact reservoir conditions in taking a core sample out from reservoirs and bringing it to the surface, and it is almost impossible either to obtain capillary pressure and relative permeability in real time.…”

Oil recovery performances of surfactant solutions by capillary imbibition

“…Some studies reported that the imbibition rate and the ultimate recovery increased with increasing initial water for Berea sandstone [34,35] and unconsolidated sand [36]. The opposite was observed for diatomite [37] or chalk samples [38]. One of the major causes that affects the capillary imbibition performance is the change in the wettability characteristics with the existence of initial water (pre-wet system) or adsorption of crude oil [39].…”

Wettability alteration of carbonate rocks from liquid-wetting to ultra gas-wetting using TiO 2 , SiO 2 and CNT nanofluids containing fluorochemicals, for enhanced gas recovery

“…A major factor in liquid accumulation is the low mobility of liquid phase resulting from the strong liquid-wetting nature of rock surface. Wettability alteration of the rock from strongly liquid-wetting to gaswetting is known to be an effective method for enhancing the liquid mobility in gas-liquid system and improving the gas production rate [1].…”