Phenomenology of tremor-like signals observed over hydrocarbon reservoirs

Hydrocarbon microtremors interpreted as nonlinear oscillations driven by oceanic background waves

“…Hydrocarbon indicating information is extracted from spectral modifications of naturally occurring background waves in the 0.1-20 Hz range interacting with hydrocarbon bearing porous structures. Similar observations have been made at more than 15 sites worldwide [3][4][5][6][7][8].…”

“…The first consistent report on low frequency seismic measurements and analysis to investigate the hydrocarbon content of geological formations was given in 2001 by Dangel et al [3]. A linear relationship between the observed signal and the total thickness of hydrocarbon layers was established by various measurements that were compared to well log data mainly in the Middle East.…”

The feasibility of generating low-frequency volcano seismicity by flow through a deformable channel

“…Finally, it is intriguing that there are observations of non-volcanic tremor in singing icebergs (Müller et al 2005) and hydrocarbon reservoirs (Dangel et al 2003). These other contexts can be more accessible or provide other constraints and thereby offer critical tests of the ideas and theory.…”

Time Reverse Modeling of Hydrocarbon Detection for Passive Seismic Source Localization: A Case Study of Synthetics and Real Data From the South Sumatra Basin, Indonesia

“…Spectra of low-frequency seismic events (1-10 Hz) are passively acquired by measuring microtremor signals, which are associated with the ground motion of the hydrocarbon reservoir, using three-component seismometers at the Earth's surface. A systematic low-frequency anomaly, which is acquired using a regular array of microtremor recorders on the surface over the oil and gas reservoir, has been reported by previous papers [8]- [10]. Although we are still facing the question of whether the spectral anomalies really originate from the reservoir, this approach can be empirically proven by some field experiences and more recently, a passive lowfrequency seismic survey has been recommended as a technique for delineating and probing oil and gas reservoirs.…”

“…Previous experiments on the passive seismic response analysis over hydrocarbon production field show that there are correlation between lowfrequency spectral anomalies and hydrocarbon reservoir [8]. The existence of hydrocarbon is indicated by dominant peak of the vertical to horizontal spectral ratio [11].…”