Phenotipic Prevalence of Antibiotic Resistance in Gabon

Dikoumba, Annicet-Clotaire; Onanga, Richard; Nguema, Pierre Philippe Mbehang; Mangouka, Laurette G.; Iroungou, Berthe Amélie; Kassa, Fabrice Kassa; Mboumba, Berthold Bivigou; Kama, Elvire Mbongo; Yala, Jean-Fabrice; Ngoungou, Edgard-Brice; Godreuil, Sylvain

doi:10.4236/ojmm.2021.112009

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Similar rates of MDR uropathogenic strains have been previously described in Gabon [15]. However, a lower rate of MDR isolates was reported by Dikoumba et al [29]. The differences observed could be explained by the origin of the samples used in each study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Epidemiology of Community Origin of major multidrug-resistant ESKAPE uropathogens in a paediatric population in South-East Gabon

Mouanga-Ndzime

Onanga

Longo-Pendy

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children are very common. They are often associated with a high risk of sepsis and death. In addition, antibiotic resistance of UTI pathogens isolated from children is steadily increasing, especially against commonly used antibiotics. The study’s main objective was to examine the epidemiology of community origin and antibiotic sensitivity of major ESKAPE uropathogens in paediatric UTIs in South-East Gabon. Methods:The study was conducted from January 2018 to December 2021 and involved 508 children aged 0-17 years. Identification of bacterial isolates was carried out using the Vitek-2 compact automated system and the antibiogram with the disk diffusion and microdilution methods according to the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing recommendations. Results: The prevalence of UTIs was 59%. E. coli and K. pneumoniae were the main ESKAPE involved in UTIs followed by Enterococcus spp. and S.aureus. The multidrug-resistant (MDR) phenotype was the most common. DTR-E. coli, CRE-K. pneumoniae and MDR-K. pneumoniae were associated with pyelonephritis. MRSA UTIs were frequent in symptomatic children. ESC-E. coli and MRSA were associated with recurrent UTIs while VRE and ESC-E. coli were associated with empirical treatment failures. MDR-E. coli, ESC-E. coli, MDR-K. pneumoniae, ESC-K. pneumoniae, UDR-K. pneumoniae, CRE-K. pneumoniae and XDR-K. pneumoniae were associated with rural paediatric populations. Conclusion: This study describes the resistance phenotypes DTR, UDR and MAR index in Gabon. It showed a high prevalence of paediatric UTIs with high frequency of E. coli, K. pneumoniae, Enterococcus spp. and S. aureus with heterogeneous resistance profiles (MDR, XDR, DTR, ESC, CRE, MRSA and VRE).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Epidemiology of Community Origin of major multidrug-resistant ESKAPE uropathogens in a paediatric population in South-East Gabon

Mouanga-Ndzime

Onanga

Longo-Pendy

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…In line with this, previous studies conducted between 2008 and 2012 in Lambaréné observed MRSA rates of 6–11% [ 14 , 20 ]. Similarly, a prospective multi-center study conducted between 2016 and 2018 in Gabon found a rate of 16% MRSA among all S. aureus isolates [ 15 ]. While the above studies included isolates from all types of infections, a study conducted in several Sub-Saharan African countries, including Gabon, on the management of S. aureus SSTI detected 6.5% MRSA [ 16 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is estimated that the prevalence of MRSA-associated SSTI in Africa may exceed 50% [11][12][13]. In developing countries, such as Gabon, antibiotic resistance poses a major public health threat, but studies investigating the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance are limited [14,15]. Data on temporal changes in the proportion of MRSA (among all S. aureus) causing SSTI in Gabon are currently not available.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal trends of skin and soft tissue infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Gabon

Gouleu,

Daouda,

Oye Bingono

et al. 2024

Antimicrob Resist Infect Control

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Background Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the leading causes of mortality due to bacterial antimicrobial resistance. While S. aureus is common in skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI) in Africa, data on MRSA rates are scarce and reports vary widely across the continent (5%-80%). In this study, we describe the proportion of MRSA causing SSTI in Lambaréné, Gabon, over an 11-year period. Methods We retrospectively analyzed data from 953 bacterial specimens collected from inpatients and outpatients with SSTI at the Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Lambaréné, Gabon, between 2009 and 2019. We determined temporal changes in the prevalence of MRSA and identified risk factors for SSTI with MRSA. Results 68% of all specimens with bacterial growth yielded S. aureus (n = 499/731), of which 7% (36/497) with antimicrobial susceptibility testing were identified as MRSA. Age above 18 years, admission to the surgical ward, and deep-seated infections were significantly associated with MRSA as the causative agent. After an initial decline from 7% in 2009, there was a marked increase in the proportion of MRSA among all S. aureus from SSTI from 3 to 20% between 2012 and 2019. The resistance rate to erythromycin was significantly higher in MRSA than in methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (73% vs. 10%), and clindamycin resistance was detected exclusively in MRSA isolates (8%). Conclusion The increasing proportion of MRSA causing SSTI over the 11-year period contrasts with many European countries where MRSA is on decline. Continuous surveillance of MRSA lineages in the hospital and community along with antibiotic stewardship programs could address the increasing trend of MRSA.

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“…Weak resistance of S. aureus strains has been recorded with ciprofloxacin, amikacin, and gentamicin. The Gabon study on urine samples showed low resistance rates of S. aureus isolates to amikacin and gentamicin [ 45 ]. A low resistance rate to ciprofloxacin, amikacin, and vancomycin was recorded in the CNS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic Resistance Profiling of Pathogenic Staphylococcus Species from Urinary Tract Infection Patients in Benin

Assouma,

Sina,

Dossou

et al. 2023

BioMed Research International

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Staphylococci can cause urinary tract infections (UTIs). These UTIs are among the significant causes of antibiotic resistance and the spread of antibiotic-resistant diseases. The current study is aimed at establishing a resistance profile and determining the pathogenicity of Staphylococcus strains isolated from UTI samples collected in Benin. For this purpose, urine samples (one hundred and seventy) that were collected from clinics and hospitals showed UTI in patients admitted/visited in Benin. The biochemical assay method was used to identify Staphylococcus spp., and the disk diffusion method tested the antimicrobial susceptibility. The biofilm formation ability of the isolates of Staphylococcus spp. was investigated by the colorimetric method. The presence of mecA, edinB, edinC, cna, bbp, and ebp genes was examined by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The results showed that Staphylococcus species were identified in 15.29% of all infected individuals and that 58% of these strains formed biofilms. Most Staphylococcus strains (80.76%) were isolated in female samples, and the age group below 30 years appeared to be the most affected, with a rate of 50%. All Staphylococcus strains isolated were 100% resistant to penicillin and oxacillin. The lowest resistance rates were seen with ciprofloxacin (30.8%), gentamicin, and amikacin (26.90%). Amikacin was the best antibiotic against Staphylococcus strains isolated from UTIs. The isolates carried mecA (42.31%), bbp (19.23%), and ebp (26.92%) genes in varying proportions. This study provides new information on the risks posed to the population by the overuse of antibiotics. In addition, it will play an essential role in restoring people’s public health and controlling the spread of antibiotic resistance in urinary tract infections in Benin.

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Phenotipic Prevalence of Antibiotic Resistance in Gabon

Cited by 5 publications

References 38 publications

Epidemiology of Community Origin of major multidrug-resistant ESKAPE uropathogens in a paediatric population in South-East Gabon

Epidemiology of Community Origin of major multidrug-resistant ESKAPE uropathogens in a paediatric population in South-East Gabon

Temporal trends of skin and soft tissue infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Gabon

Antibiotic Resistance Profiling of Pathogenic Staphylococcus Species from Urinary Tract Infection Patients in Benin

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