Phenotypic and Functional Alterations of Immune Effectors in Periodontitis; A Multifactorial and Complex Oral Disease

Kaur, Kawaljit; Vaziri, Shahram; Jewett, Anahid

doi:10.3390/jcm10040875

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 60 publications

(72 reference statements)

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“…[11,12]. Elsewhere, bacterial products were found to activate the host immune system, and B cells were implicated in the occurrence of periodontitis lesions [13,14]. P. gingivalis, a strain that drives immunopathogenesis of chronic periodontitis, expresses diverse virulence factors though which it evades the host's innate immunity and suppresses the host's adaptive immunity [15, 16].…”

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confidence: 99%

CXCR4 and RAC2 as Biomarkers of Periodontitis and Their Potential Influence on Macrophage Infiltration

Tian

Zheng

Wang

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Objective Chronic periodontitis is an incurable infectious disease characterized by complex inflammatory immune response. This study aimed was to screen and identify effective biomarkers correlated with macrophage in chronic periodontitis. Materials and methods Periodontitis datasets obtained from the gene expression omnibus (GEO) were analyzed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Functional enrichment analysis of DEGs by GO and KEGG revealed multiple biological processes and signaling pathways related to immune response. Further analysis was performed on two immune-related gene databases, ImmPort and innateDB, to identify DEGs related to immune cells infiltration in chronic periodontitis. Subsequently, Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network were established to reveal hub genes with MCC algorithm using CytoHubba tool. Enrichment analysis in DisGeNet showed that immune-related DEGs were enriched in periodontitis. Next, CIBERSORTx tool was analyzed to investigate immune cells infiltration in GSE10334 dataset. Results The results demonstrated differential macrophage infiltration in periodontitis. Notably, RAC2 and CXCR4 were identified as biomarkers correlated with M2 macrophages in chronic periodontitis. Finally, receiver operating curve (ROC) was plotted to determine the diagnostic value of identified hub genes which was then validated using relevant datasets of macrophages. Conclusion RAC2 and CXCR4 are potential biomarker of chronic periodontitis correlated with M2 macrophages infiltration. Further experiments are needed to more deeply explore the roles of CXCR4 and RAC2 in the molecular mechanism of M2 macrophages in periodontitis microenvironment.

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CXCR4 and RAC2 as Biomarkers of Periodontitis and Their Potential Influence on Macrophage Infiltration

Tian

Zheng

Wang

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Role of non-resident subpopulations of mucosal and adaptive immune systems in patients with chronic periodontitis

Мудров¹,

Давыдова²,

Kazakov³

et al. 2021

Medicinskij alfavit

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Periodontal bacterial bioflm causes an innate and adaptive immune response of the host mucosa, leading to inﬂammation and destruction of the tissues supporting the periodontal. The progression of periodontitis depends not only on bacteria, since an inadequate immune response to microorganisms can accelerate the development of periodontitis. However, the exact mechanisms of the development of immune reactions remain unclear. Recent studies emphasize the existence of a typical innate response of resident and extravasated immune cells.Objective. To investigate the quantitative composition of non-resident subpopulations of lymphocytes in salivary ﬂuid and to study the mechanisms of interaction of the cellular link of the innate and adaptive immune system in chronic generalized periodontitis of varying severity.Materials and methods. 49 people aged 26–67 years of both sexes were examined with a diagnosis of chronic periodontitis. The comparison group consisted of 17 people aged 26–44 years with no periodontal diseases. The state of the cellular link of the adaptive and local immune system of the oral cavity was assessed by the following phenotypes: CD3–CD16+56+; CD3+CD16+56+; CD3+; CD3+HLA-DR+; CD19+, CD19+HLA-DR+; CD19+CD5+CD27–; CD19+CD5–СD 27–; CD19+СD5–CD27+.Results. The number of T-NK cells decreased with a mild degree of periodontitis and increased with a severe degree. Similarly, CD3+HLA-DR+ decreased with mild periodontitis [Me = 0.148 cells/µl] and increased with moderate [Me = 0.247 cells/µl] and severe [Me = 0.448 cells/µl]. The number of B-lymphocytes with the CD19+, CD19+CD5+, CD19+CD5–CD27+ phenotype decreased to single cells per microliter during the development of the disease.Conclusion. The imbalance of the immune system caused by pathogenic colonization of the periodontium, at different degrees of severity, is an important factor in the occurrence and development of periodontitis, in which various subsets of B cells of the adaptive immune system play a certain role, closely interacting with the cellular link of the innate mucosal immune system

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Phenotypic and Functional Alterations of Immune Effectors in Periodontitis; A Multifactorial and Complex Oral Disease

Cited by 2 publications

References 60 publications

CXCR4 and RAC2 as Biomarkers of Periodontitis and Their Potential Influence on Macrophage Infiltration

CXCR4 and RAC2 as Biomarkers of Periodontitis and Their Potential Influence on Macrophage Infiltration

Role of non-resident subpopulations of mucosal and adaptive immune systems in patients with chronic periodontitis

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