Phenotypic and Genotypic Antibiotic Resistant diarrheagenic Escherichia coli pathotypes isolated from Children with Diarrhea in Nairobi City, Kenya

Webale, Mark Kilongosi; Guyah, Bernard; Wanjala, Christine; Nyanga, Peter Lokamar; Webale, Sella K.; Abonyo, Collins; Kitungulu, Nicholas; Kiboi, Nathan; Bowen, Nancy

doi:10.4314/ejhs.v30i6.5

Cited by 8 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 32 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Our findings show that the most prevalent pathogens were EPEC, EAEC, and ETEC. Similar to previous reports from other African countries, including Kenya [18], Mozambique [29], Sudan [7], and Rwanda [26], about half the samples tested were positive for at least one DEC pathotype. Although these pathogens are not routinely screened for in Zambia due to the requirement of molecular tools for definitive diagnosis, recent research including our work affirms that DECs significantly contribute to diarrhoea among children.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Most of the infants in our study were reported to be breastfeeding; however, we observed an overall high prevalence of DEC among them. Although breast milk is known to have a protective effect against infectious diarrhoea among children, other factors such as suboptimal breastfeeding and poor hygienic practices among caregivers may contribute to diarrhoea among infants [17,18]. Although not significantly associated with DEC positivity, we noted that more than half of the children presenting with diarrhoea did not have water piped into the yard but rather used public taps or wells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Prevalence of Diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli among Children Aged between 0–36 Months in Peri-Urban Areas of Lusaka

Mwape,

Bosomprah,

Chibesa

et al. 2023

Microorganisms

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Diarrhoea is a major contributor to childhood morbidity and mortality in developing countries, with diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli being among the top aetiological agents. We sought to investigate the burden and describe the diarrhoeagenic E. coli pathotypes causing diarrhoea among children in peri-urban areas of Lusaka, Zambia. This was a facility-based surveillance study conducted over an 8-month period from 2020 to 2021. Stool samples were collected from children aged 0–3 years presenting with diarrhoea at five peri-urban health facilities in Lusaka. Stool samples were tested for diarrhoeagenic E. coli using the Novodiag bacterial GE+® panel, a platform utilising real-time PCR and microarray technology to detect bacterial pathogens. Of the 590 samples tested, diarrhoeagenic E. coli were detected in 471 (76.1%). The top three pathogens were enteropathogenic E. coli 45.4% (n = 268), enteroaggregative E. coli 39.5% (n = 233), and enterotoxigenic E. coli 29.7% (n = 176). Our results revealed that 50.1% of the diarrhoeagenic E. coli positive samples comprised multiple pathotypes of varying virulence gene combinations. Our study demonstrates a high prevalence of diarrhoeagenic E. coli in childhood diarrhoea and the early exposure (<12 months) of children to enteric pathogens. This calls for the early implementation of preventive interventions for paediatric diarrhoea.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Prevalence of Diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli among Children Aged between 0–36 Months in Peri-Urban Areas of Lusaka

Mwape,

Bosomprah,

Chibesa

et al. 2023

Microorganisms

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In the present study, DEC of children with diarrhea showed higher resistance to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (82.1%), amoxicillin (79.5%), ampicillin (74.4%), and gentamicin (69.2%). This finding agrees with the resistance reported recently in Kenya [ 48 ]. In Burkina Faso, Bonko et al [ 92 ] also reported that isolates from children under five exhibited a high resistance rate to trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole (100%), ampicillin (100%), ciprofloxacin (71.4%).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Our findings revealed that 39 (49.4%) DEC possess various virulence genes, including st , lt, aatA , eae , stx2 , and hlyA that enable them to cause diarrheagenic illness. The proportion of DEC detected in this study was higher than the 20.6% to 36.4% reported from Iran [ 47 ], Kenya [ 48 ], and Egypt [ 49 ]. A similar finding with a higher frequency of pathogenic E. coli was documented in Nigeria [ 46 ], Gabon [ 50 ], Iraq [ 51 ], Guinea Bissau [ 52 ], and Sudan [ 53 ].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 87%

Characteristics of Pathogenic Escherichia coli Associated with Diarrhea in Children under Five Years in Northwestern Ethiopia

Mulu,

Belete,

Demlie

et al. 2024

TropicalMed

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) are the leading cause of infectious diarrhea and pose a significant global, regional, and national burden of disease. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of six DEC pathotypes in children with diarrhea and determine their antibiotic resistance patterns. Samples from 107 diarrheagenic children were collected and processed for Escherichia coli (E. coli). Single-plex PCR was used to detect target virulence genes as well as characterize and categorize DEC pathotypes. Antibiotic resistance patterns were determined by the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method. E. coli was detected in 79 diarrheal stool samples, accounting for 73.8% of the samples collected. Additionally, 49.4% (39 out of 79) of the isolates harbored various typical virulence factors. Results revealed six pathotypes of virulence: enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) (53.8%), enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) (12.8%), enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) (10.3%), Heteropathotypes (7.8%), Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC), and enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) (7.7% each). The isolates exhibited high antibiotic resistance against trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (82.1%), amoxicillin (79.5%), ampicillin (74.4%), gentamicin (69.2%), and streptomycin (64.1%). An overall occurrence of 84.6% of multiple-drug resistance was observed in the isolates, with resistance ranging from three to four antibiotic classes. Our findings revealed a high level of pathogenic E. coli that were highly resistant to multiple categories of antibiotics among children in the Awi zone. These findings highlight the potential role of pathogenic E. coli in childhood diarrhea in tropical low-resource settings and underscore the need for continued research on the characteristics of pathogenic and antibiotic-resistant strains.

show abstract

“…Outside Iraq, a study in Iran by Mahdavi Broujerdi et al [21] referred to that the EAEC was more detected and EPEC EIEC and ETEC were identified in low percentages while EHEC was not detected. A study in Kenya showed the EAEC was widely identified followed by EIEC, ETEC, and EPEC [22]. The differences in the prevalence of DEC pathotypes are due to the differences in geographic regions, development of countries, isolation season, and ages involved in studies [16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification, differentiation and phylogenetic typing of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli in Iraqi infants and children

Rahem,

Hussein,

Auda

et al. 2023

Reviews and Research in Medical Microbiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Several traditional identification and typing methods were available depending on the phenotype of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC). Multiplex-PCR was rapid for the identification of specific genes that encoded to specific virulence factors and as a consequence the identification of the pathotypes of DEC. The aim of this study to the identification of DEC by the virulence factors genes and genotyping of clinical isolates of DEC isolated from the diarrheal stool of infants and children. Forty-eight DEC isolates had been collected from different hospitals in Baghdad city and identified by Vitek 2 system. An antibiotic sensitivity test was carried out by the VITEK-2 System method for all DEC isolates. The virulence genes amplification was used to identify DEC pathotypes and DEC was typed by Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus (ERIC-PCR) methods. The occurrence of virulence genes is varied according to the pathotypes. Statistically, the eae and cadA genes are significantly found in all pathotypes of DEC (P = 0.001), whereas ipaH, elt, estA1, and stx2 genes are absent in all DEC pathotypes. The most predominant of the pathotypes are belonged to enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) especially aEPEC followed by diffusely adherent E. coli (DAEC), enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), and enterohaemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC), respectively. Moreover, The DEC isolates were multidrug-resistant to most of the antimicrobials. Ticarcillin was the less effective one while Gentamicin was the more effective one and the DEC pathotypes are differ in their antibiotic resistance pattern. The ERIC typing of E. coli pathotypes showed that almost all of the isolates are located on the same cluster, the same is noticed in EPEC isolates, The DEC pathotypes are dissimilar (Simson index = 1.0) except for EPEC isolates that showed some similarity among some of them (Simson index < 1.0). This study may be the first in using ERIC typing in typing of the E. coli pathotypes. In conclusion, amplification of virulence genes is a useful tool for the identification of DEC pathotypes. The highest percentage of DEC pathotypes was aEPEC followed by DAEC, tEPEC, ETEC and the less one was EHEC, while there was no exit to enteroinvasive E. coli and enteroaggregative E. coli. Most of the DEC clinical isolates are multidrug-resistant and are different in their antibiotic resistance pattern. The most common gene of local DEC isolates was cadA and eae genes followed by daaD and bfp, whereas ipaH, elt, estA1, and stx2 are not detected in all local isolates of DEC. Most of the DEC clinical isolates have a high level of dissimilarity among DEC pathotypes clinical isolates.

show abstract

Phenotypic and Genotypic Antibiotic Resistant diarrheagenic Escherichia coli pathotypes isolated from Children with Diarrhea in Nairobi City, Kenya

Cited by 8 publications

References 32 publications

Prevalence of Diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli among Children Aged between 0–36 Months in Peri-Urban Areas of Lusaka

Prevalence of Diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli among Children Aged between 0–36 Months in Peri-Urban Areas of Lusaka

Characteristics of Pathogenic Escherichia coli Associated with Diarrhea in Children under Five Years in Northwestern Ethiopia

Identification, differentiation and phylogenetic typing of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli in Iraqi infants and children

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About