Phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of methicillin/oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus intermedius isolated from clinical specimens during routine veterinary microbiological examinations

Zubeir, Ibtisam E. M. El; Kanbar, T.; Alber, Julia M.; Lämmler, Christoph; Akineden, Ömer; Weiß, R.; Zschöck, M.

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2006.11.014

Cited by 45 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Recently, an increasing number of episodes of S. intermedius infections that were refractory to treatment with methicillin have been reported (15,22,32,44). Here, we found that the methicillin-resistant SIG strains examined are all classified as S. pseudintermedius and have evolved by multiple acquisitions of the mecA gene by different S. pseudintermedius clones.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…Worryingly, methicillin-resistant strains of S. intermedius (MRSI) and S. pseudintermedius (MRSP) have recently emerged in veterinary clinics around the world (15,22,32,44), but their evolutionary histories have not been examined. An understanding of the population genetics of S. intermedius is required to provide a much-needed framework for studies of the evolution, pathogenesis, and emerging methicillin resistance of S. intermedius.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Population Genetic Structure of the Staphylococcus intermedius Group: Insights into agr Diversification and the Emergence of Methicillin-Resistant Strains

et al. 2007

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The population genetic structure of the animal pathogen Staphylococcus intermedius is poorly understood. We carried out a multilocus sequence phylogenetic analysis of isolates from broad host and geographic origins to investigate inter-and intraspecies diversity. We found that isolates phenotypically identified as S. intermedius are differentiated into three closely related species, S. intermedius, Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, and Staphylococcus delphini. S. pseudintermedius, not S. intermedius, is the common cause of canine pyoderma and occasionally causes zoonotic infections of humans. Over 60 extant STs were identified among the S. pseudintermedius isolates examined, including several that were distributed on different continents. As the agr quorumsensing system of staphylococci is thought to have evolved along lines of speciation within the genus, we examined the allelic variation of agrD, which encodes the autoinducing peptide (AIP). Four AIP variants were encoded by S. pseudintermedius isolates, and identical AIP variants were shared among the three species, suggesting that a common quorum-sensing capacity has been conserved in spite of species differentiation in largely distinct ecological niches. A lack of clonal association of agr alleles suggests that assortive recombination may have contributed to the distribution of agr diversity. Finally, we discovered that the recent emergence of methicillin-resistant strains was due to multiple acquisitions of the mecA gene by different S. pseudintermedius clones found on different continents. Taken together, these data have resolved the population genetic structure of the S. intermedius group, resulting in new insights into its ancient and recent evolution.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

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confidence: 99%

Population Genetic Structure of the Staphylococcus intermedius Group: Insights into agr Diversification and the Emergence of Methicillin-Resistant Strains

et al. 2007

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“…3,9 The current study and others also confirm that relative resistance of S. pseudintermedius to oxacillin has increased in recent years. 10,13,15,19,20 Efforts to standardize detection methods, establish shared databases, promote collaborative research, and create venues for sharing knowledge of MRSP will help improve surveillance and reduce the spread of MRSP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Susceptibility Test Breakpoints Used to Predict mecA-Mediated Resistance in Staphylococcus Pseudintevmedius Isolated from Dogs

et al. 2009

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Abstract. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute interpretive breakpoints for in vitro susceptibility tests that predict mecA-mediated oxacillin resistance in Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolates from animals have been changed twice in the past decade. Moreover, there are no counterpart recommendations for human isolates of S. pseudintermedius. Individual medical and veterinary laboratories variably use interpretive breakpoints identical to those recommended for use with Staphylococcus aureus or identical to those recommended for use with coagulase-negative staphylococci. The purpose of the current study was to examine correlations between oxacillin disk diffusion, oxacillin gradient diffusion, oxacillin microbroth dilution, and cefoxitin disk diffusion tests used to predict mecA-mediated resistance in S. pseudintermedius and to retrospectively estimate, from disk diffusion zone diameter measurements, the prevalence and rate of increase of oxacillin resistance among canine S. pseudintermedius isolates submitted to a veterinary teaching hospital laboratory. Oxacillin disk diffusion zone diameters of #17 mm and oxacillin minimum inhibitory concentrations of $0.5 mg/ml were highly correlated with detection of mecA in canine S. pseudintermedius isolates by polymerase chain reaction. MecA-mediated resistance among S. pseudintermedius isolates from dogs increased from less than 5% in 2001 to near 30% in 2007. More than 90% of the methicillin-resistant S. pseudintermedius isolates in 2006 and 2007 were also resistant to representatives of $4 additional antimicrobial drug classes. Cefoxitin disk diffusion with the resistance breakpoint set at #24 mm significantly underestimated the presence of mecA in S. pseudintermedius.

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“…Results of antibiotic resistance testing are significant, because of the rising incidence of isolation of methicillin-resistant SIG (MRSIG). In the past, these strains were reported to be susceptible to beta-lactam antibiotics, but methicillin-resistant SIG, particulary S. pseudintermedius (MRSP) strains are being reported with increasing frequency (Gortel et al 1999, Vengust et al 2006, Zubeir et al 2007, van Duijkeren et al 2008. Methicillin-resistant S. pseudintermedius have been isolated from dogs, cats and humans (Hanselman et al 2007, Sasaki et al 2007, Wettstein et al 2008.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic resistance of canine Staphylococcus intermedius group (SIG) - practical implications

Chrobak¹,

Kizerwetter-Świda²,

Rzewuska³

et al. 2011

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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A total of 221 SIG strains were isolated from clinical samples of canine origin submitted to the Diagnostic Laboratory of the Division of Bacteriology and Molecular Biology at the Warsaw University of Life Sciences in Warsaw during the period 2006-2010. The aim of the study was to investigate the frequency of prevalence of methicillin-resistant SIG strains and to determine the MIC values of cephalotin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ciprofloxacin, clindamycin, gentamicin, chloramphenicol, mupirocin for a collection of randomly selected 79 strains belonging to Staphylococcus intermedius group (SIG), including 23 mecA-positive and 56 mecA-negative strains. All isolates were identified as belonging to SIG based on their phenotypic properties and PCR amplification of S. intermedius-specific fragment of the 16S rRNA gene. The mecA gene was detected in 26 (12%) of 221 SIG strains. All tested mecA-negative SIG strains were susceptible to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and cephalotin. One of the 56 mecA-negative SIG strains was resistant to ciprofloxacin, six (11%) to gentamicin. It was found that sixteen (29%) of 56 mecA-negative SIG strains were resistant to clindamycin. Most of the mecA-positive SIG strains were resistant to ciprofloxacin (96%), clindamycin (96%), and gentamicin (96%). Only one MRSIG strain was resistant to chloramphenicol. All examined mecA-positive SIG strains were found to be susceptible to mupirocin. Our results imply that staphylococcal multidrug resistance has become more prevalent, which could lead to difficulties in effective treatment. With some resistant strains the only therapeutic possibility are antimicrobial agents important in human medicine. New regulations for veterinary medicine concerning appropriate therapy of infections caused by multidrug-resistat staphylococci are needed.

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Phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of methicillin/oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus intermedius isolated from clinical specimens during routine veterinary microbiological examinations

Cited by 45 publications

References 27 publications

Population Genetic Structure of the Staphylococcus intermedius Group: Insights into agr Diversification and the Emergence of Methicillin-Resistant Strains

Population Genetic Structure of the Staphylococcus intermedius Group: Insights into agr Diversification and the Emergence of Methicillin-Resistant Strains

Evaluation of Susceptibility Test Breakpoints Used to Predict mecA-Mediated Resistance in Staphylococcus Pseudintevmedius Isolated from Dogs

Antibiotic resistance of canine Staphylococcus intermedius group (SIG) - practical implications

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