Phenotypic and molecular characterization of Salmonella serotypes in cow raw milk and milk products in Nigeria

Molecular Detection of Some Virulence Genes in Salmonella Spp Isolated from Food Samples in Lagos, Nigeria

“…Although the salm3 and salm4 primer set has been suggested to be useful for direct detection of Salmonella spp as well as excellent correlation with the conventional method (16) our results do not confirm that. Our findings however suggest that the primers are specific for detection of Salmonella spp, but invA and invA primers was found to be more sensitive (96.1%) compared to salm3 and salm4 (Table1) in the detection of Salmonella spp which corroborates the earlier reported study (19,20). Our report with invA gene (284bp) was also corroborated by a recent study from Nigeria on Salmonella spp isolated from cow raw milk and milk products in which invA (284 bp) was prevalent in 100% of their isolates (21).…”

“…However, other reports have confirmed the ubiquitous distribution of virulence genes amongst Salmonella spp irrespective of the host (25). The PCR method using target gene remains a suitable molecular tool to diagnose Salmonella in human, animal and plant products (8,19). These findings have important health implications to the entire populace considering the high prevalence of virulence genes in food samples studied and it also underscores the need for rapid identification of Salmonella virulence genes using the PCR method.…”

Virulence genes detection and antibiotic resistant <i>Salmonella</i> in raw and ready-to-eat snails (<i>Arachatina marginata</i>) sold in selected markets in Port Harcourt

“…Their result is comparable to the findings of this study which however revealed a lower occurrence of fliC genes (9.0%). A number of authors in Nigeria have also confirmed the presence of invA gene in Salmonella from milk and milk products, food samples and poultry in Osun, Lagos and Plateau States, respectively (Olufunke et al, 2014;Anejo-Okopi et al, 2016;Smith et al, 2015). Other authors in Gujarat, Malaysia and Burkina Faso have also detected invA gene in 66 to 100% Salmonella isolated from pork and slaughter environment, retail beef and human and street foods (Chaudhary et al, 2015;Thung et al, 2018;Nikiema et al, 2021).…”

Prevalence and tetracycline resistance profile of <i>Salmonella typhi</i> from local milk consumed in Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria

“…Molecular methods of characterization (PCR) is a more specific method of identifying and characterizing microorganisms compared with microbiological methods such as biochemical tests, micro and macroscopic examination etc The reason for the specificity of the method hinges to its ability to identify specific genes unique to organisms of interest (Bastam et al, 2021). Generally, detection of such pathogenic microorganisms in food is associated with contamination from processing water, food processing by infected people or carriers, and poor personal and public hygiene (Olufunke et al, 2014) The low prevalence of S. typhi reported in this study can be attributed to relatively good hygiene practice that reduced the tendencies of fecal contamination of the milk or absence of typhoid outbreak as at the time of the study. Nevertheless, possible microbial contamination by pathogens of other serovar species and genera cannot be ruled out by the findings of this present study as this study specifically focused on Salmonella enterica serovar typhi commonly known as Salmonella Typhi (S. Typhi).…”

“…The presence of Salmonella spp. in ready to eat foods such as milk is an important source of public health hazard as Salmonella can cause diseases that are usually classified into typhoidal and non-typhoidal depending on the serovar that causes the infection (Olufunke et al, 2014). Salmonella enterica serovar typhi is the aetiologic agent of typhoid fever.…”