Phenotypic and molecular study of pneumococci causing respiratory tract infections

Alnimr, Amani; Farhat, Maha

doi:10.15537/smj.2017.4.17976

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…100 In the post-PCV13 introduction phase (January 2012 to December 2014), serotypes commonly isolated from the Eastern province of Saudi Arabia included 11A, 19A, 17F, 23F, 3 and 19F. 101 The previously rare but most prevalent serotype in this study, 11A (part of PPSV23), exhibited maximum penicillin resistance. Overall, 67.9% of isolates were resistant to both penicillin and macrolides, 17% to only penicillin and 5.6% to only macrolides.…”

Section: Lebanonmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…Overall, 67.9% of isolates were resistant to both penicillin and macrolides, 17% to only penicillin and 5.6% to only macrolides. 101 These reports indicate that there is widespread drug resistance among pneumococcal isolates in Saudi Arabia. Of the pneumococcal isolates collected from 24 Saudi Arabian hospitals between January and December 2009, 33% were resistant to penicillin G, 26% to erythromycin, and 11% to ceftriaxone.…”

Section: Lebanonmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emerging pneumococcal serotypes in Iraq: scope for improved vaccine development

Dawood

Al-Jumaili²,

Radhi³

et al. 2023

F1000Res

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Pneumococcal disease is a global public health concern as it affects the young, aged and the immunocompromised. The development of pneumococcal vaccines and their incorporation in the immunization programs has helped to reduce the global burden of disease. However, serotype replacement and the emergence of non-vaccine serotypes as well as the persistence of a few vaccine serotypes underscores the need for development of new and effective vaccines against such pneumococcal serotypes. In the Middle East, places of religious mass gatherings are a hotspot for disease transmission in addition to the global risk factors. Therefore, the periodic surveillance of pneumococcal serotypes circulating in the region to determine the effectiveness of existing prevention strategies and develop improved vaccines is warranted. Currently, there is a lack of serotype prevalence data for Iraq due to inadequate surveillance in the region. Thus, this review aims to determine the pneumococcal serotypes circulating in Iraq by drawing inferences from the global pneumococcal serotype prevalence data as well as recently published literature from neighboring countries to refine existing vaccination strategies and help in the development and introduction of improved pneumococcal vaccines in the country.

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Section: Lebanonmentioning

confidence: 73%

Section: Lebanonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging pneumococcal serotypes in Iraq: scope for improved vaccine development

Dawood

Al-Jumaili²,

Radhi³

et al. 2023

F1000Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…101 In the post-PCV13 introduction phase (January 2012 to December 2014), serotypes commonly isolated from the Eastern province of Saudi Arabia included 11A, 19A, 17F, 23F, 3 and 19F. 102 The previously rare but most prevalent serotype in this study, 11A (part of PPSV23), exhibited maximum penicillin resistance. Overall, 67.9% of isolates were resistant to both penicillin and macrolides, 17% to only penicillin and 5.6% to only macrolides.…”

Section: Lebanonmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…Overall, 67.9% of isolates were resistant to both penicillin and macrolides, 17% to only penicillin and 5.6% to only macrolides. 102 These reports indicate that there is widespread drug resistance among pneumococcal isolates in Saudi Arabia. Of the pneumococcal isolates collected from 24 Saudi Arabian hospitals between January and December 2009, 33% were resistant to penicillin G, 26% to erythromycin, and 11% to ceftriaxone.…”

Section: Lebanonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging pneumococcal serotypes in Iraq: scope for improved vaccine development

Dawood,

Al-Jumaili,

Radhi

et al. 2023

F1000Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pneumococcal disease is a global public health concern as it affects the young, aged and the immunocompromised. The development of pneumococcal vaccines and their incorporation in the immunization programs has helped to reduce the global burden of disease. However, serotype replacement and the emergence of non-vaccine serotypes as well as the persistence of a few vaccine serotypes underscores the need for development of new and effective vaccines against such pneumococcal serotypes. In the Middle East, places of religious mass gatherings are a hotspot for disease transmission in addition to the global risk factors. Therefore, the periodic surveillance of pneumococcal serotypes circulating in the region to determine the effectiveness of existing prevention strategies and develop improved vaccines is warranted. Currently, there is a lack of serotype prevalence data for Iraq due to inadequate surveillance in the region. Thus, this review aims to determine the pneumococcal serotypes circulating in Iraq which may help in the development and introduction of improved pneumococcal vaccines in the country.

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Phenotypic and molecular characterization of macrolide resistance mechanisms among Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated in Tunisia

Ayadi

Mehiri

Draoui

et al. 2020

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Introduction. Streptococcus pneumoniae is responsible for many community infections, with the main ones being pneumonia and meningitis. Pneumococcus has developed increased resistance to multiple classes of antibiotics. The evolution of antibiotic resistance in pneumococcus was influenced by changes in serotype distribution under vaccine selection pressure. Aim. The aim of this study was to determine the genes involved in macrolide resistance, the antimicrobial susceptibility, the serotype distribution and the spread of international antibiotic-resistant clones among clinical isolates of S. pneumoniae . Methodology. We investigated 86 erythromycin-resistant S. pneumoniae strains isolated from respiratory (n=74) or non-respiratory (n=12) samples in Tunisia. Antimicrobial susceptibility was tested using the disk diffusion method. Macrolide-resistant strains were analysed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for ermA, ermB, mefA and msrD. We also investigated the macrolide resistance mechanisms in eight isolates (9.3%) by sequencing the L4 and L22 riboprotein-coding genes, plus relevant segments of the three 23S rRNA genes. Capsular serotypes were detected by multiplex PCR. Sequence types (STs) were explored using multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Results. Among the 86 studied strains, 70 (81.4 %) were resistant to penicillin G. The prevalent serotypes were 19F, 14, 19A and 23F. We observed that the cMLSB phenotype (66/86, 76.7%) was the most common in these pneumococci. In addition, ermB was the most frequent resistance gene. No mutation in ribosomal protein L22 or L4 or 23S rRNA was detected. Overall, 44 STs were identified in this study, including 16 that were described for the first time. Resistance to lincomycin, tetracycline and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole was observed in 55 (64 %), 34 (39.5 %) and 31 (36 %) isolates, respectively. Furthermore, an increase in fluoroquinolone use in particular may lead to the emergence of levofloxacin-resistant strains. Multidrug resistance was observed in 83 isolates (96.5%). Three global antibiotic-resistant clones were identified: Denmark14 ST230, Portugal19F ST177 and Spain9V ST156. Conclusion. This study shows that macrolide resistance among S. pneumoniae isolated in Tunisia is mainly related to target site modification. Our observations demonstrate a high degree of genetic diversity and capsular types among strains resistant to macrolides.

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Phenotypic and molecular study of pneumococci causing respiratory tract infections

Cited by 4 publications

References 38 publications

Emerging pneumococcal serotypes in Iraq: scope for improved vaccine development

Emerging pneumococcal serotypes in Iraq: scope for improved vaccine development

Emerging pneumococcal serotypes in Iraq: scope for improved vaccine development

Phenotypic and molecular characterization of macrolide resistance mechanisms among Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated in Tunisia

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