Phenotypic changes in progenies of northern clones of <i>Picea abies</i> (L) Karst. grown in a southern seed orchard

Johnsen, Øystein

doi:10.1080/02827588909382569

Cited by 53 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 34 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Seed weight, depends on reserve food material, which is produced as a result of double fertilization (endosperm) and is dominated by the maternal traits and is also influenced by the nutrient availability at the time of seed setting and environmental factors (Allen, 1960;Johnsen et al, 1989). Embryo development and its physiological function are contributed by the maternal as well as by paternal (pollen grain) traits in the species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship of seed traits on initial progeny growth performance and divergence studies in Madhuca latifolia Macb. for further use in tree improvement

Divakara

2014

JTFE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Evaluation of 23 genotypes of Madhuca latifolia was carried out based on relationship of seed traits with initial progeny growth performance and divergence studies as a scope for further breeding programme. Variability studies revealed that, more than 12 accessions recorded above average for 100-seed weight (247.5±49.2), oil content (43.8±3.7) and volume index (346.0±97.7). The maximum values observed in studied CPTs were as follows: seed length (39.1 mm) in CPT-15 genotype, seed breadth (19.2 mm) in CPT-8 and CPT-9, aspect ratio (2.2) in CPT-6 and CPT-15, 2D surface area (501.4 and 491.6 mm 2 ) in CPT-9 and CPT-3 respectively. CPT-16 recorded maximum for 100 seed weight (282.4 g) and oil content (51.2%). However, maximum volume index was recorded by CPT-3 (578.3 cm 3 ) followed by 3 ). The phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variations are close to each other for all traits, except volume index that exhibited striking difference between PCV (40.0%) and GCV (19.9%) indicating that for most traits genetic control was quite high. Trait oil content and 100 seed weight expressed high heritability (93.5%, 93.0%) accompanied with moderate genetic advance (17.2%, 15.6%), indicating that, heritability is due to additive gene effects and selection may be effective. At genotypic level 100 seed weight registered positive significant correlation with plant height (0.73), oil content with volume index (0.71). Hence seeds with large breadth, high seed weight and oil content may be selected for producing better progenies. Since traits viz. 100 seed weight and oil content are under strong genetic control, improvement in these characters can bring improvement in volume index. On the basis of the divergence, the 23 genotypes studied were grouped into 5 clusters, indicating wide diversity. The clustering pattern shows that geographical diversity is not necessarily related to genetic diversity. The genotypes in cluster IV and V were most heterogeneous and can be best used for within group hybridization. Cluster means indicated crosses involving under cluster II and V and cluster II and I may result in substantial segregates and further selection for overall improvement of species.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship of seed traits on initial progeny growth performance and divergence studies in Madhuca latifolia Macb. for further use in tree improvement

Divakara

2014

JTFE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…and Scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) should be mentioned. In repeated experiments, seeds produced from controlled crosses in a warm climate gave seedlings with an extended growth period and delayed frost hardening as compared with seedlings from similar crosses made in a cooler climate (Bjprnstad 1981, Johnsen 1989.The mechanisms for these effects are not known, but some evidence suggests a climatic effect (genetic or epigenetic) during pollination and fertilization (Johnsen et al, unpublished). Andersen (1971) has shown that the wintering capacity of a timothy cultivar can be significantly reduced after a few generations of seed production in a southern location.…”

Section: Genetic Aspects Of Adaptationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant adaptation to temperature and photoperiod

Junttila

1996

AFSci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Plants respond to environmental conditions both by adaptation and by acclimation. The ability of the plants to grow, reproduce and survive under changing climatic conditions depends on the efficiency of adaptation and acclimation. The adaptation of developmental processes in plants to temperature and photoperiod is briefly reviewed. In annual plants this adaptation is related to growth capacity and to the timing of reproduction. In perennial plants growing under northern conditions, adaptation of the annual growth cycle to the local climatic cycle is of primary importance. Examples of the role of photothermal conditions in regulation of these phenological processes are given and discussed. The genetic and physiological bases for climatic adaptation in plants are briefly examined.Key words: development, flowering, frost resistance, growth ntroduction Plants respond to environmental conditions by both adaptation and acclimation. Adaptation consists of heritable modifications in structures or functions that increase the probability of an organism surviving and reproducing in a particular environment. Acclimation refers to nonheritable modifications caused by exposure of an organism to a changing environment, and is based on the structural and physiological plasticity of the plants. Plasticity is a unique feature of plants that has been suggested to have significance as an integral part of the mechanisms by which plants (a) control reproductive effort and (b) capture resources from their environments (Grime et al. 1986). Some plant characteristics. such as flower structures, seed and fruit anatomy, have very low plasticity. However, many of the basic characteristics that are important for plant growth and development and for plant yield, such as numbers of meristems, numbers of various organs, rates of division and expansion, show high plasticity (see also Trewavas 1986). Processes such as the breaking of dormancy by chilling and induction ofcold hardening by low temperature treatments are also expressions of the acclimation abilities of plants. Acclimation has, of course, a genetic basis and so is linked to adaptation. High plasticity and a high capacity for acclimation can be of major adaptive significance.The al. 1993). The phytotron is an indispensable research facility for systematically analysing the effects of climatic factors on plant growth and development, and a combination of phytotron and genetic approaches provides a powerful tool for studies on plant adaptation.As a result ofevolution and adaptation, there are 250 000 species of flowering plants. Intraspecies adaptation has resulted in climatic, as well as edaphic, ecotypes. Turesson (1922) defined ecotype as a genotypic response to the various environments in which the species is found. Ecotype is also used as a part of a dine. Environmental conditions may change gradually over the geographic range of a species, and dine is used to describe a gradual change in a character over this geographic range. Quantitative, physiological characters, such as r...

show abstract

“…Positive (+) and negative (-) pointer years of spherical-and conical spruces for the northern part of the study region for the time period 1920. Year 19221926193319351958196819731975197619891997 Spherical trees…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sylvén 1909, Gruber 1988, growth rhythm and frost hardiness (e.g. Johnsen 1989, Skroppa 1994, or needle morphology and photosynthesis (e.g. Ishii et al 2007 in Picea jezoensis).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sub-montane Norway spruce as alternative seed source for a changing climate? A genetic and growth analysis at the fringe of its natural range in Austria

Schiessl¹,

Grabner²,

Golesch³

et al. 2010

Silva Fenn.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

, S. 2010. Sub-montane Norway spruce as alternative seed source for a changing climate? A genetic and growth analysis at the fringe of its natural range in Austria. Silva Fennica 44(4): 615-627.Insights into the intraspecific variation in climate response of forest trees and the utilization of suitable seed sources are required to maintain forest ecoystems under expected climate change. Individuals of Norway spruce with an anomalous spherical-shaped crown were characterized by genetic (using a mtDNA marker) and dendroclimatic analysis. Such trees occur frequently at the fringe of the spruce distribution in east/south-east Austria. We employed pair-wise comparisons between trees with spherical and "regular" conical crowns on 47 sites. No evidence was found for a different phylogeographic history of spherical and conical spruces, but the high allelic diversity at the nad1 locus highlighted the importance of east/south-east Austria as refugium and migration corridor for Norway spruce. Analysis of mean annual increment revealed a larger amount of earlywood within the sapwood area and fewer negative pointer years for spherical spruces than for conical ones, pointing at a higher vitality and smaller interactions between climate and growth for spherical spruces. Although the results cannot explain the anomalous crown form, they suggest spherical trees to have a higher ability to cope the warm and dry climate of the region than "regular" conical spruces. We discuss the origin of spherical crowns in terms of population history and phenotypic plasticity and speculate on possible effects of crown architecture on canopy-atmosphere exchange.

show abstract

Phenotypic changes in progenies of northern clones of Picea abies (L) Karst. grown in a southern seed orchard

Cited by 53 publications

References 34 publications

Relationship of seed traits on initial progeny growth performance and divergence studies in Madhuca latifolia Macb. for further use in tree improvement

Relationship of seed traits on initial progeny growth performance and divergence studies in Madhuca latifolia Macb. for further use in tree improvement

Plant adaptation to temperature and photoperiod

Sub-montane Norway spruce as alternative seed source for a changing climate? A genetic and growth analysis at the fringe of its natural range in Austria

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About