Phenotypic characteristics of Indonesian native chickens

Abstract

This research aimed to describe the phenotypic characteristics of local hen varieties. The study sample consisted of twenty 18 week-old hens of the following types: Cemani, black Kedu, white Kedu, and Balinese (Olagan). They were randomly selected from the "Makukuhan" farm in Kedu Temanggung, Central Java Indonesia. The results, which were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) test, showed significant differences in the quantitative characteristics of body height, body length, and tarsometatarsus length. No significant differences were found in wing length, beak length, femur length, tibiotarsus length, or body weight. Qualitative characteristics of Cemani hens differed from those of black Kedu, white Kedu, and Balinese (Olagan) hens because of their predominantly black body color. The black Kedu hens share similarities with the white Kedu hens in the colors of the tongue, comb, eyeballs, and soles of the feet. In contrast, their beak color and skin color are similar to those of the Balinese (Olagan) hens. The white Kedu hens have predominantly white feathers, and the Balinese (olagan) hens have neither comb nor neck feathers.

Chicken Authentication and Discrimination via Live Weight, Body Size, Carcass Traits, and Breast Muscle Fat Content Clustering as Affected by Breed and Sex Varieties in Malaysia

“…Regarding APVC, there was no significant variation in phenotypic characteristics of this breed and NMVC, except for body and shank length. The findings in this study are similar to findings by Rofii et al [14] who compared the physical characteristics of different Indonesian native chickens and showed that the body length was significantly different among populations. Subsequently, these two village chicken breeds (NMVC, APVC) can be significantly discriminated from underaged colored broiler chickens based on the two characteristics, including shank length and abdominal fat weight.…”

“…However, as stated by FAO, the high-efficiency molecular characterization of different animal breeds should be followed by phenotypic characterization [ 13 ]. Phenotypic characterization is the process of identifying distinct breed populations and describing their external and production characteristics in different environments and management systems [ 13 , 14 ]. There are different methods to characterize animals, ranging from linear measurement of morphological traits to the use of molecular techniques [ 15 ].…”

Revisit the Development of Native Indonesian Chickens from Red Jungle Fowls (Gallus gallus bankiva) to Commercial Chickens

“…Ciri kualitatif ayam Cemani berbeda dengan ayam Kedu hitam, ayam Kedu putih, dan ayam Bali (Olagan). Ayam Kedu hitam memiliki kesamaan pada warna lidah, jengger, bola mata, dan kaki dengan ayam Kedu putih, namun warna paruh dan warna kulit mirip dengan ayam Bali (Olagan) (Rofii et al 2018). Tingginya keragaman sifat kualitatif ayam lokal hampir muncul pada semua rumpun.…”

Multivariate Characterization of Morpho-biometric Traits of Indigenous Helmeted Guinea Fowl (Numida meleagris) in Nigeria

“…Therefore, there is need for proper characterisation geared mainly towards improvement in meat and egg production. The first step in such characterisation as outlined by FAO [16] involves the use of phenotypic characteristics which are aspects of physical appearance or other body parameters that can be measured qualitatively and quantitatively [17]. Variations in phenotypes have remained [18], and tolerance or susceptibility of birds to stressful environment could be linked to their phenotypic traits [19,20].…”