Phenotypic characterization of gamma delta (γδ) T cells in chickens infected with or vaccinated against Marek's disease virus

Matsuyama-Kato, Ayumi; Iseki, Hiroshi; Boodhoo, Nitish; Bavananthasivam, Jegarubee; Alqazlan, Nadiyah; Abdul-Careem, Mohamed Faizal; Plattner, Brandon L.; Behboudi, Shahriar; Sharif, Shayan

doi:10.1016/j.virol.2022.01.012

Cited by 11 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Although, a weak virus-specific cytotoxic T cell response against several MDV antigens had been reported in chickens vaccinated against MDV ( 37 , 39 , 40 ), it is still unclear whether infection with a virulent MDV can also impair the vaccine-induced T cell cytotoxic response. This notion is supported by the results demonstrating that degranulation response of γδT cells in vaccinated/challenge group is significantly higher than that in the MDV-infected chickens ( 41 ). Further research is required to identify mechanisms involved in impairment of T cell degranulation/cytotoxicity response and determine whether this impairment can explain failure of vaccine-induced sterile immunity to control MDV replication and shedding from the infected birds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Marek’s disease virus-specific T cells proliferate, express antiviral cytokines but have impaired degranulation response

Boodhoo

Behboudi

2022

Front. Immunol.

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The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) haplotype is one of the major determinants of genetic resistance and susceptibility of chickens to Marek’s disease (MD) which is caused by an oncogenic herpesvirus; Marek’s disease virus (MDV). To determine differential functional abilities of T cells associated with resistance and susceptibility to MD, we identified immunodominant CD4+TCRvβ1 T cell epitopes within the pp38 antigen of MDV in B19 and B21 MHC haplotype chickens using an ex vivo ELISPOT assay for chicken IFN-gamma. These novel pp38 peptides were used to characterize differential functional abilities of T cells as associated with resistance and susceptibility to MD. The results demonstrated an upregulation of cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, IL-10) and lymphocyte lysis-related genes (perforin and granzyme B) in an antigen specific manner using RT-PCR. In the MD-resistant chickens (B21 MHC haplotype), antigen-specific and non-specific response was highly skewed towards Th2 response as defined by higher levels of IL-4 expression as well as lymphocyte lysis-related genes compared to that in the MD-susceptible chicken line (B19 MHC haplotype). Using CD107a degranulation assay, the results showed that MDV infection impairs cytotoxic function of T cells regardless of their genetic background. Taken together, the data demonstrate an association between type of T cell response to pp38 and resistance to the disease and will shed light on our understanding of immune response to this oncogenic herpesvirus and failure to induce sterile immunity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Marek’s disease virus-specific T cells proliferate, express antiviral cytokines but have impaired degranulation response

Boodhoo

Behboudi

2022

Front. Immunol.

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“…Although the role of γδ T cells in human immune responses is well defined, the function of these cells in the control of pathogens in chickens is yet unclear. Recently, we reported the phenotypic characterization of defined chicken γδ T cell subsets, interferon (IFN)-γ + γδ T cells, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β + γδ T cells, and cytotoxic γδ T cells in chickens infected with Marek’s disease virus (MDV) [ 5 ]. However, the role of γδ T cells in the control of MDV was yet unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To protect chickens from MD, the cell-mediated immune response is believed to be crucial. To date, the involvement of innate immune system cells including macrophages, natural killer (NK) cells and γδ T cells, and adaptive immune cells including CD4 + αβ T cells and CD8 + αβ T cells in the immune reaction against MDV infection has been suggested [ 5 , 10 , 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Activated Chicken Gamma Delta T Cells Are Involved in Protective Immunity against Marek’s Disease

Matsuyama-Kato

Shojadoost²,

Boodhoo

et al. 2023

Viruses

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Gamma delta (γδ) T cells play a significant role in the prevention of viral infection and tumor surveillance in mammals. Although the involvement of γδ T cells in Marek’s disease virus (MDV) infection has been suggested, their detailed contribution to immunity against MDV or the progression of Marek’s disease (MD) remains unknown. In the current study, T cell receptor (TCR)γδ-activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were infused into recipient chickens and their effects were examined in the context of tumor formation by MDV and immunity against MDV. We demonstrated that the adoptive transfer of TCRγδ-activated PBMCs reduced virus replication in the lungs and tumor incidence in MDV-challenged chickens. Infusion of TCRγδ-activated PBMCs induced IFN-γ-producing γδ T cells at 10 days post-infection (dpi), and degranulation activity in circulating γδ T cell and CD8α+ γδ T cells at 10 and 21 dpi in MDV-challenged chickens. Additionally, the upregulation of IFN-γ and granzyme A gene expression at 10 dpi was significant in the spleen of the TCRγδ-activated PBMCs-infused and MDV-challenged group compared to the control group. Taken together, our results revealed that TCRγδ stimulation promotes the effector function of chicken γδ T cells, and these effector γδ T cells may be involved in protection against MD.

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“…Nonetheless, it has been shown they may be recruited and/or activated upon infection of chickens with e.g. Salmonella [ 55 – 57 ], Marek’s disease virus [ 58 ] and the protozoan parasite Eimeria maxima [ 59 ], that they have cytolytic capacity [ 60 ] and that they can be IFN-γ producers during early infection responses [ 56 , 58 ]. To date, we are not aware of any clear evidence of antigen specific TCRγ/δ+ T-cell memory responses in the chicken and the TCRγ/δ+CD8αβ+ cell responses observed herein may also be due to bystander activation through the TCRα/β+ T-cell responses in these cultures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae-specific T-cell responses after experimental infection of chickens selectively bred for high and low serum levels of mannose-binding lectin

Wattrang

Dalgaard

Kjaerup

et al. 2022

Vet Res

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Erysipelas, caused by infection with Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae (ER) is an important emerging disease in laying hens. We have earlier observed prominent mannose-binding lectin (MBL) acute phase responses in experimentally ER infected chickens. The present study aimed to further examine immune responses to ER by using chickens selectively bred for high (L10H) and low (L10L) serum MBL levels. Chickens were infected with ER at 3 weeks of age and immune parameters and bacterial load were monitored in blood until day 18 after infection. Blood and spleen leukocytes collected on day 18 were stimulated in vitro with ER antigens and blast transformation of different T-cell populations was assessed. The ER infection gave a very varied outcome and no clear differences were observed between L10H and L10L chickens with respect to leukocyte counts, bacterial load or clinical outcome. Nonetheless, rapid innate responses, e.g., heterophilia and increased serum MBL levels were noted in bacteraemic chickens. All ER infected chickens also showed transient increased expression of mannose receptor MRC1L-B and decreased expression of major histocompatibility complex II on monocytes day 1 after infection indicating monocyte activation or relocation. In vitro ER stimulation showed antigen specific blast transformation of CD4+, TCRγ/δ−CD8αβ+ and TCRγ/δ+CD8αβ+ spleen cells from all infected chickens. For CD4+ and TCRγ/δ−CD8αβ+ cells the proportions of blast transformed cells were significantly higher for samples from L10L chickens than those for samples from L10H chickens. This is the first observation of ER-specific T-cells in chickens and interestingly a Th1-type response comprising cytotoxic T-cells was indicated.

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Phenotypic characterization of gamma delta (γδ) T cells in chickens infected with or vaccinated against Marek's disease virus

Cited by 11 publications

References 49 publications

Marek’s disease virus-specific T cells proliferate, express antiviral cytokines but have impaired degranulation response

Marek’s disease virus-specific T cells proliferate, express antiviral cytokines but have impaired degranulation response

Activated Chicken Gamma Delta T Cells Are Involved in Protective Immunity against Marek’s Disease

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae-specific T-cell responses after experimental infection of chickens selectively bred for high and low serum levels of mannose-binding lectin

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