Phenotypic Markers as Risk Factors in Schizophrenia: Neurocognitive                     Functions

Michie, Patricia T.; Kent, Aaron; Stienstra, Renee; Castine, Rochelle; Johnston, J. H.; Dedman, Kellie; Wichmann, Helen; Box, Juliette; Röck, Daniel; Rutherford, Elizabeth M.; Jablensky, Assen

doi:10.1177/000486740003401s12

Cited by 38 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Consistent with previous studies [17,19], our results indicated that P300 amplitudes and latencies in the entire patients were significantly associated with performance on the digit symbol substitution test in the BACS (Table 3). These findings accord with the notion that P300 reflects attention-dependent information processing and provides a feasible marker of neurophysiological abnormalities shared by different clinical stages of schizophrenia [17][18][19][20][21]54]. P300 and other EEG parameters have been shown to be influenced by several factors, such as volition and medication status the latter including antipsychotic drugs [9,39,40,55].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Prolonged P300 Latency in Antipsychotic-Free Subjects with At-Risk Mental States Who Later Developed Schizophrenia

Higuchi

Sumiyoshi

Tateno

et al. 2021

JPM

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We measured P300, an event-related potential, in subjects with at-risk mental states (ARMS) and aimed to determine whether P300 parameter can predict progression to overt schizophrenia. Thirty-three subjects with ARMS, 39 with schizophrenia, and 28 healthy controls participated in the study. All subjects were antipsychotic-free. Subjects with ARMS were followed-up for more than two years. Cognitive function was measured by the Brief assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS) and Schizophrenia Cognition Rating Scale (SCoRS), while the modified Global Assessment of Functioning (mGAF) was used to assess global function. Patients with schizophrenia showed smaller P300 amplitudes and prolonged latency at Pz compared to those of healthy controls and subjects with ARMS. During the follow-up period, eight out of 33 subjects with ARMS developed overt psychosis (ARMS-P) while 25 did not (ARMS-NP). P300 latency of ARMS-P was significantly longer than that of ARMS-NP. At baseline, ARMS-P elicited worse cognitive functions, as measured by the BACS and SCoRS compared to ARMS-NP. We also detected a significant relationship between P300 amplitudes and mGAF scores in ARMS subjects. Our results suggest the usefulness of prolonged P300 latency and cognitive impairment as a predictive marker of later development of schizophrenia in vulnerable individuals.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Prolonged P300 Latency in Antipsychotic-Free Subjects with At-Risk Mental States Who Later Developed Schizophrenia

Higuchi

Sumiyoshi

Tateno

et al. 2021

JPM

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“…Multivariate analyses of covariance ( mancova ) were used to identify main effects, with age, education, prior IQ (as measured by the National Adult Reading Test (NART) (24) and gender entered as covariates, to control for any variation in memory performance as a function of demographic variables or general ability. Two analyses were conducted in accordance with previous research(25): (i) comparison of patients, relatives and controls; and (ii) comparison of relatives and controls only.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential impairment of working memory performance in first-degree relatives of individuals with schizophrenia

Kent

Fox

Michie

et al. 2004

Acta Neuropsychiatr.

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Executive function in schizophrenia: what impact do antipsychotics have?

O’Gráda

Dinan

2007

Human Psychopharmacology

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Cognitive dysfunction is a major component of schizophrenia, with deficits in executive function particularly pertinent to successful daily living and outcome. Executive deficits and negative/disorganised symptoms remain relatively resistant to amelioration by antipsychotic medication in comparison to positive symptoms. While there is a relative paucity of data on the effects of antipsychotics on specific executive deficits, atypical antipsychotics would appear to be more beneficial than typical antipsychotics at improving these functions, with muscarinic, glutamatergic and cholinergic systems variously implicated. Recent research focusing on the relationships between specific symptoms and specific executive deficits holds important implications for future psychopharmacological interventions in the area by elucidating the neural substrates and pathways which underpin schizophrenic symptomatology. This review attempts to evaluate the research thus far for the specific executive components of spatial working memory (SWM), inhibition, sustained attention and set shifting. Issues significant to future psychopharmacology in the area are discussed, with particular emphasis on the need for a greater consensus in methodology and definition executive function research in schizophrenia.

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Phenotypic Markers as Risk Factors in Schizophrenia: Neurocognitive Functions

Abstract: The main findings are that sustained attention deficits are important risk markers for schizophrenia but need to be supplemented by other neurocognitive risk markers to improve predictive accuracy.

Cited by 38 publications

References 76 publications

Prolonged P300 Latency in Antipsychotic-Free Subjects with At-Risk Mental States Who Later Developed Schizophrenia

Prolonged P300 Latency in Antipsychotic-Free Subjects with At-Risk Mental States Who Later Developed Schizophrenia

Differential impairment of working memory performance in first-degree relatives of individuals with schizophrenia

Executive function in schizophrenia: what impact do antipsychotics have?

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