Phenotypic plasticity of Daphnia life history traits in response to predator kairomones: genetic variability and evolutionary potential

Weber, Anke; Declerck, Steven

doi:10.1007/978-94-011-4964-8_10

Cited by 40 publications

(57 citation statements)

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“…This result is supported by previous research on D. pulex in which the total number of neonates produced per daphnid was reduced in response to Crowded conditions, but in a clone-specific manner (i.e., significant clone x density interaction) (Innes & Singleton, 1994;Innes & Singleton, 2000;Berg et al, 2001). Microparasites (Lass & Bittner, 2002), predatory fish (Weber & Declerck, 1997, Lass & Bittner, 2002, and temperature (Loaring & Hebert, 1981) are among the other factors that have been suggested to influence Daphnia fecundity with effects that often vary among clones.…”

Section: Reproductive Responses To Crowdingsupporting

confidence: 80%

Inter-genotype variation in reproductive response to crowding among Daphnia pulex

Fitzsimmons

Innes

2006

Hydrobiologia

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Crowding is known to have a major influence on reproduction in the freshwater microcrustacean Daphnia pulex. We analyzed reproductive output of six different D. pulex genotypes under two different density regimes in the laboratory. Four of these genotypes reproduce via obligate parthenogenesis, allowing thorough analysis of the life history strategies of some asexual lines. Among 30,109 neonate offspring and 1041 resting egg ephippia collected, several trends were evident. Crowding induced increased resting egg production and reduced neonate offspring production among all genotypes. Offspring sex ratios grew more male-biased with maternal age. The extent, but not direction, of each of these trends varied among genotypes. Offspring sex ratios, and the very direction in which they changed in response to crowding, differed significantly among genotypes with some genotypes producing more and others fewer males in response to crowding. Obligately parthenogenetic genotypes seemed to respond to the crowding stimulus in similar ways as the facultatively parthenogenetic genotypes, as expected from the sexual origins of their genomes. The inter-genotype variation in life-history traits observed in this and other investigations calls into question the common practice of extrapolating results from a single Daphnia genotype to an entire species. Our findings are considered in the context of other research in the field of environmental influences on Daphnia reproduction with a review of representative literature.

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Section: Reproductive Responses To Crowdingsupporting

confidence: 80%

Inter-genotype variation in reproductive response to crowding among Daphnia pulex

Fitzsimmons

Innes

2006

Hydrobiologia

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“…According to Spitze (1991), Chaoborus predation removed 93-99% of initial genetic variability in 8-12 generations of clonal reproduction in D. pulex inhabiting temporary ponds. Within populations, not all genotypes are likely to respond in the same way to predator stresses and strong interclonal variability is well known (Parejko and Dodson, 1991;Weber and Declerck, 1997), including opposite reactions within one species (Spitze, 1992;Boersma et al, 1998;Pauwels et al, 2005). There is indication that the production of neckteeths must occur during embryonic development, involve substantial strengthening of the carapace, may have demographic costs and may be poorly adaptive in other ways (Weber and Declerck, 1997;Wiebke et al, 2005;Juracka et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Within populations, not all genotypes are likely to respond in the same way to predator stresses and strong interclonal variability is well known (Parejko and Dodson, 1991;Weber and Declerck, 1997), including opposite reactions within one species (Spitze, 1992;Boersma et al, 1998;Pauwels et al, 2005). There is indication that the production of neckteeths must occur during embryonic development, involve substantial strengthening of the carapace, may have demographic costs and may be poorly adaptive in other ways (Weber and Declerck, 1997;Wiebke et al, 2005;Juracka et al, 2011). The production of neckteeths appears to reduce the amount of resources for eggs and females exposed to Chaoborus kairomones usually tend to mature later, at larger size, and to produce fewer but larger newborn (Luning, 1992;Spitze, 1991;Riessen, 1992;Spitze, 1992;Tollrian, 1995;Weber and Declerck, 1997;Agrawal et al, 1999;Riessen, 1999;Boeing, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is indication that the production of neckteeths must occur during embryonic development, involve substantial strengthening of the carapace, may have demographic costs and may be poorly adaptive in other ways (Weber and Declerck, 1997;Wiebke et al, 2005;Juracka et al, 2011). The production of neckteeths appears to reduce the amount of resources for eggs and females exposed to Chaoborus kairomones usually tend to mature later, at larger size, and to produce fewer but larger newborn (Luning, 1992;Spitze, 1991;Riessen, 1992;Spitze, 1992;Tollrian, 1995;Weber and Declerck, 1997;Agrawal et al, 1999;Riessen, 1999;Boeing, 2006). Demographic costs linked to the production of neckteeths might further explain the density peak observed in the Bodrio del pastore III population in spring 2013, when most individuals were neckteeth-less.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reproduction of Daphnia pulex in a Northern Italy pond

et al. 2014

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“…The defenses include changes in life history, the growth of protective spines, and the adoption of antipredator behavior. Life history changes involve a shift towards larger sized individuals at first reproduction and production of fewer but bigger offspring (Spitze 1992;Weber and Declerck 1997;Riessen 1999). This defense is effective, as Chaoborus are mouth-gape limited and preferably prey on smaller individuals (Pastorok 1981).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Costs and benefits of Daphnia defense against Chaoborus in nature

Boeing¹,

Wissel²,

Ramcharan³

2005

Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.

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Abstract:To estimate costs and benefits of antipredator defenses in the Chaoborus-Daphnia system, we employed lake enclosures wherein controls (C) had no predators, the predation (P) treatment had freely swimming Chaoborus, and the kairomone (K) treatment predators were sequestered in a mesh tube apart from the Daphnia. Population growth (r) of two Daphnia pulex clones, one responsive (RC) and the other nonresponsive (NRC) to Chaoborus kairomone, was estimated for each predator treatment. Cost of defense was calculated as r (C,RC) -r (K,RC) . Benefit was calculated as r (P,RC) -r (P,NRC) . Antipredator defenses of Daphnia towards Chaoborus kairomone led to a 32% reduction in population growth in nature. The benefit of the defense, however, was a short-term 68% enhanced population growth by a responsive over a nonresponsive clone in the presence of the actual predation threat. The benefit of the defense exceeded the cost, but cost was nevertheless substantial. Our results verify that the in situ effects of Chaoborus on Daphnia involve direct and indirect impacts.Résumé : Afin d'évaluer les coûts et les bénéfices des défenses contre les prédateurs dans le système ChaoborusDaphnia, nous avons utilisé une série d'enclos lacustres: les enclos témoins (C) ne contenaient aucun prédateur, les enclos de prédation (P) avaient des Chaoborus en nage libre et les enclos de kairomone (K) contenaient des Chaoborus enfermés dans des tubes de grillage séparément des Daphnia. Nous avons mesuré la croissance de la population (r) chez deux clones de Daphnia pulex, l'un (RC) sensible et l'autre insensible (NRC) à la kairomone de Chaoborus. Les coûts de la défense sont représentés par r (C,RC) -r (K, RC) et les bénéfices par r (P,RC) -r (P,NRC) . Les défenses contre les prédateurs de Daphnia en réaction à la kairomne de Chaoborus entraînent une réduction de 32 % de la croissance de la population en nature. Les bénéfices de la défense sont, par ailleurs, une croissance additionnelle à court terme de la population de l'ordre de 68 % chez le clone sensible, par rapport au clone insensible, en présence d'une menace réelle de prédation. Les bénéfices de la défense dépassent les coûts, bien que ces derniers soient importants. Nos résultats confirment que les effets in situ de Chaoborus sur Daphnia impliquent des impacts directs et indirects.[Traduit par la Rédaction] Boeing et al. 1294

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Phenotypic plasticity of Daphnia life history traits in response to predator kairomones: genetic variability and evolutionary potential

Cited by 40 publications

References 41 publications

Inter-genotype variation in reproductive response to crowding among Daphnia pulex

Inter-genotype variation in reproductive response to crowding among Daphnia pulex

Reproduction of Daphnia pulex in a Northern Italy pond

Costs and benefits of Daphnia defense against Chaoborus in nature

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