Phenotypic plasticity of eddoe and dasheen taro genotypes in response to saturated water and dryland cultivations

Abstract

Abstract. Hidayatullah CSR, Santosa E, Sopandie D, Hartono A. 2020. Phenotypic plasticity of eddoe and dasheen taro genotypes in response to saturated water and dryland cultivations. Biodiversitas 21: 4550-4557. The phenotypic plasticity of dasheen and eddoe taro genotypes was evaluated based on growth and yield characters to select proper genotypes in response to climate change. The study was conducted at the Leuwikopo Experimental Farm, Bogor, Indonesia from May to October 2019. Dasheen (Talas Sutra and Talas Bentul) and eddoe genotypes (S28 and S19) were planted in saturated water cultivation (SWC) and dryland cultivation (DC). DC relied on rainwater, and SWC was manipulated dryland by flooding. SWC promoted vigorous growth and tuber weight, irrespective of genotypes. Increasing taro biomass production in SWC was supported by higher photosynthetic rate, leaf number, and size. Dasheen genotypes produced higher tuber weight than the eddoe in SWC, conversely, the eddoe tended to produced heavier tuber than the dasheen in DC; indicating phenotypic plasticity is strongly affected by soil moisture and genotype. The dasheen had more plastic growth and yield characters to soil moisture than the eddoe genotypes, with plasticity level, ranging from low to very high. Taro had high resiliency to multiple abiotic stresses, e.g. flood, and drought. Considering the marketable value of the yield, dasheen and eddoe genotypes are recommended in flooding and drought-prone areas, respectively.

Evaluation and phenotypic plasticity of taro [Colocasia esculenta (l.) Schott.] genotypes for nutrient and anti-nutrient composition

“…The genotypes which presented high PPI are more plastic and unstable and therefore can be selected for particular environments. Phenotypic plasticity among taro genotypes for nutritional traits has not been reported in literature, however, [22] Hidayatullah et al (2020) reported phenotypic plasticity for eddoe and dasheen taro for yield and yield components [23]. Tripodi et al (2020) reported plasticity among chilli pepper genotypes for health-related compounds in two environments [49].…”

“…Nutritional composition of crops is highly influenced by genotype by environment interaction and therefore the genotypes generated should be evaluated under different environmental conditions to assess their phenotypic plasticity of environment. Phenotypic plasticity of a genotype is the extent to which their performance varies under different environmental conditions [20,21] (Bradshaw, 2006;Lande, 2009).Phenotypic plasticity evaluations are also important in the face of climatic change [22] (Hidayatullah et al, 2020). When the plasticity of a genotype for a particular trait near zero, the genotype is deemed stable and when it is far from zero, the genotype is plastic that is unstable [23] (Tripodi et al, 2020).…”

Respon Genotipe Talas Colocasia esculenta var esculenta dan var antiquorum pada Interval Pemberian Air Berbeda

“…Pada penelitian ini, yang dimaksud anakan adalah stolon atau umbi yang memiliki daun. Dari pandangan agronomi, keberadaan anakan merupakan karakter yang tidak diinginkan karena akan mengurangi alokasi fotosintat untuk pembentukan umbi (Santosa et al, 2004;Hidayatullah et al, 2020). Pada pemberian air setiap hari, genotipe S26 memiliki jumlah anakan 0.9, tertinggi dibandingkan dengan sembilan genotipe yang lain.…”

“…Upaya peningkatan produksi tersebut tidak mudah karena adanya fenomena perubahan iklim, yang sering berdampak pada musim kering yang lebih panjang. Di sisi lain, dampak keterbatasan kelembaban tanah terhadap pertumbuhan talas masih jarang diteliti (Suminarti, 2015;Hidayatullah et al, 2020). Menurut Suminarti (2015) tanaman talas yang diberi air irigasi setiap hari menghasilkan umbi yang lebih besar daripada yang disiram setiap 2 hari sekali.…”

Variability Response of Growth of 17 Taro Genotype Under Drought and Flooding

“…Berdasarkan bentuk umbinya, talas memiliki dua morfotipe yaitu eddoe (Colocasia esculenta var antiquorum) yang menghasilkan banyak umbi, dan dasheen (Colocasia esculenta var esculenta) yang menghasilkan umbi tunggal. Di Indonesia, jenis dasheen lebih umum dikenal sedangkan jenis eddoe merupakan introduksi baru (Hidayatullah et al, 2020a). Talas cukup menjanjikan untuk program diversifikasi pangan dan bagian talas yang dapat dimakan seperti umbi, daun, dan tangkai daun merupakan sumber karbohidrat, protein, serat makanan, mineral (kalsium, fosfor, magnesium dan zat besi) dan vitamin (Pitoyo et al, 2018).…”