Phenotypic structure of plant facilitation networks

Navarro‐Cano, José A.; Goberna, Marta; Valiente‐Banuet, Alfonso; Verdú, Miguel

doi:10.1111/ele.13669

Cited by 18 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Under drought stress, plants might facilitate the growth of neighbouring plants by increasing soil moisture through hydraulic lift or providing shade, hence reducing evapotranspiration (Maestre et al., 2009 ). As such, nurse plants are expected to be shrubs, subshrubs and other large perennials with a large spread and deep root systems (Navarro‐Cano et al., 2021 ; Schöb et al., 2013 ). The two non‐sensitive shrub species included in this analysis, Thymus praecox and Thymus pulegioides , had positive shifts in their associations with more than half of the drought‐sensitive species (60% and 56%, respectively), which might indicate facilitation under drought by these species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, rather than acting as a nurse, the graminoid Bromus erectus (49% positive shifts with drought‐sensitive species) might have benefitted from reduced competition with increasing drought (Liancourt et al., 2005 ). Additionally, interactions also depend on the traits of the facilitated species and the similarity of traits of the interacting species, because nurses generally facilitate species with traits different from their own (He et al., 2013 ; Navarro‐Cano et al., 2021 ). Lastly, this picture is complicated further by the plasticity of these plant traits to plant fitness and life stage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conditional love? Co‐occurrence patterns of drought‐sensitive species in European grasslands are consistent with the stress‐gradient hypothesis

Jonge

Benítez‐López

Hennekens

et al. 2021

Global Ecol. Biogeogr.

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Aim The stress‐gradient hypothesis (SGH) postulates that species interactions shift from negative to positive with increasing abiotic stress. Interactions between species are increasingly being recognized as important drivers of species distributions, but it is still unclear whether stress‐induced changes in interactions affect continental‐to‐global scale species distributions. Here, we tested whether associations of vascular plant species in dry grasslands in Europe follow the SGH along a climatic water deficit (CWD) gradient across the continent. Location Dry grasslands in Europe. Time period Present. Major taxa studied Vascular plants. Methods We built a context‐dependent joint species distribution model (JSDM) to estimate the residual associations (i.e., associations that are not explained by the abiotic environment) of 161 plant species as a function of the CWD based on community data from 8,660 vegetation plots. We evaluated changes in residual associations between species for pairs and on the community level, and we compared responses for groups of species with different drought tolerances. Results We found contrasting shifts in associations for drought‐sensitive and drought‐tolerant species. For drought‐sensitive species, 21% of the pairwise associations became more positive with increasing CWD, whereas 17% became more negative. In contrast, only 17% of the pairwise associations involving drought‐tolerant species became more positive, whereas 27% became more negative in areas with a high CWD. Additionally, the incidence of positive associations increased with drought for drought‐sensitive species and decreased for drought‐tolerant species. Main conclusions We found that associations of drought‐sensitive plant species became more positive with drought, in line with the SGH. In contrast, associations of drought‐tolerant species became more negative. Additionally, changes in associations of single species pairs were highly variable. Our results indicate that stress‐modulated species associations might influence the distribution of species over large geographical extents, thus leading to unexpected responses under climate change through shifts in species associations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conditional love? Co‐occurrence patterns of drought‐sensitive species in European grasslands are consistent with the stress‐gradient hypothesis

Jonge

Benítez‐López

Hennekens

et al. 2021

Global Ecol. Biogeogr.

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“…The distribution of plant functional traits within a community has been increasingly used to infer the processes that govern plant community assembly ( Westoby and Wright 2006 ; Kraft and Ackerly 2014 ; Xu et al 2018 ; Navarro-Cano et al 2021 ), including those mediated by pollinator-mediated interactions (e.g. Sargent and Ackerly 2008 ; McEwen and Vamosi 2010 ; de Jager et al 2011 ; Wolowski et al 2017 ; Bergamo et al 2018 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, it is somewhat surprising that these asymmetries, and their role in community assembly, have not been more often considered when evaluating community-wide consequences of pollinator-mediated interactions. For instance, recent studies that have evaluated the role of phenotypic traits in determining the outcome of community-wide species interactions have also suggested that both, competition and facilitation, likely play a role in the assembly of plant communities ( Tur et al 2016 ; Bergamo et al 2018 ; Navarro-Cano et al 2021 ; Wei et al 2021 ). Although the importance of the interplay between competition and facilitation in the assembly of co-flowering communities was proposed more than 35 years ago ( Rathcke 1983 ; Mitchell et al 2009 ), only few studies have experimentally evaluated the bidirectionality of pollinator-mediated interactions between co-flowering species (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial variation in bidirectional pollinator-mediated interactions between two co-flowering species in serpentine plant communities

2021

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Pollinator-mediated competition and facilitation are two important mechanisms mediating co-flowering community assembly. Experimental studies, however, have mostly focused on evaluating outcomes for a single interacting partner at a single location. Studies that evaluate spatial variation in the bidirectional effects between co-flowering species are necessary if we aim to advance our understanding of the processes that mediate species coexistence in diverse co-flowering communities. Here, we examine geographic variation (i.e. at landscape level) in bidirectional pollinator-mediated effects between co-flowering Mimulus guttatus and Delphinium uliginosum. We evaluated effects on pollen transfer dynamics (conspecific and heterospecific pollen deposition) and plant reproductive success. We found evidence of asymmetrical effects (one species is disrupted and the other one is facilitated) but the effects were highly dependent on geographical location. Furthermore, effects on pollen transfer dynamics did not always translate to effects on overall plant reproductive success (i.e. pollen tube growth) highlighting the importance of evaluating effects at multiple stages of the pollination process. Overall, our results provide evidence of a spatial mosaic of pollinator-mediated interactions between co-flowering species and suggest that community assembly processes could result from competition and facilitation acting simultaneously. Our study highlights the importance of experimental studies that evaluate the prevalence of competitive and facilitative interactions in the field, and that expand across a wide geographical context, in order to more fully understand the mechanisms that shape plant communities in nature.

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“…& Sandwith. These species in turn facilitate the recruitment of several species of the Tetraclinis forest underneath their canopies [36].…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Seed Limitation and Effectiveness of Forest Plantations to Restore Semiarid Abandoned Metal Mining Areas in SE Spain

Oná

Goberna

Navarro‐Cano

2021

Forests

Self Cite

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The natural regeneration of forests in mining areas is typically hampered by edaphic stress. Semiarid conditions add a climatic stress that challenges the restoration of these harsh ecosystems. This is the case of Tetraclinisarticulata (Vahl) Masters mixed forests in the Western Mediterranean region colonizing mining structures abandoned three decades ago. We studied the factors controlling the natural establishment of nine shrub and tree species key in these forests in eight metal mine tailings in SE Spain. In addition, we assessed the success of reintroducing 1480 individuals of the nine species 15 months after planting in one of the tailings. Specifically, we analyzed the effect of (i) species identity in terms of sapling survival, growth, nutritional status and metal bioaccumulation, and (ii) adding organic amendments into the planting holes on the same parameters. Our results indicated that natural colonization is a recent process, with seedling cohorts that vary up to two orders of magnitude among species and a practical absence of adult plants in most species excepting T. articulata. We identified seed limitation as a key factor controlling seedling density, which was significantly explained by the distance from the border of the tailing to the closest adult out of the tailing. Soil metal concentration did not have any explanatory power on the density of naturally-established seedlings, whereas soil fertility was relevant only for Rhamnus lycioides L. Overall survival of planted individuals was over 80%, survival and growth remarkably differing among species. Organic amendments had neutral or negative effects on plant survival, but significantly increased the growth of survivors despite their modest effects on leaf nutrient contents. Most species showed high metal bioaccumulation, which was exacerbated by organic amendments. We discuss how biodiversity conservation programs can benefit from the affordable and successful plantation of stress-tolerant local species, but come at the expense of potential metal transfer through trophic webs.

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Phenotypic structure of plant facilitation networks

Cited by 18 publications

References 60 publications

Conditional love? Co‐occurrence patterns of drought‐sensitive species in European grasslands are consistent with the stress‐gradient hypothesis

Conditional love? Co‐occurrence patterns of drought‐sensitive species in European grasslands are consistent with the stress‐gradient hypothesis

Spatial variation in bidirectional pollinator-mediated interactions between two co-flowering species in serpentine plant communities

Natural Seed Limitation and Effectiveness of Forest Plantations to Restore Semiarid Abandoned Metal Mining Areas in SE Spain

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