Phenotypic Variations in &lt;i&gt;Calligonum comosum&lt;/i&gt;L`Her (Polygonaceae) Grown in Al-Nefud Desert in Saudi Arabia

Taia, Wafaa Kamal; Moussa, Sanaa A. I.

doi:10.3329/jsr.v3i2.7010

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Calligonum comosum and C. azel are leafless shrubs or small trees with white flowers and young succulent branches serving as assimilation organs reaching a height of >1.5 to <2.2 m (interdune slopes) and >3.5 to <5.5 m (dune slopes), respectively (Dhief et al, 2012). The young branches of C. comosum stems are fragile, articulated, fasciculate, and green, whereas the older ones are white, although certain plasticity has been described for some morphological traits in C. comosum, including stem colour (Taia and Moussa, 2011). Contrarily, the stems of C. azel are mostly buried in the sand and old branches carry a whitish bark peeling off in pieces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome size and phylogenetic relationships between the Tunisian species of the genus Calligonum (Polygonaceae)

Gouja¹,

García‐Fernández²,

Garnatje³

et al. 2014

Turk J Bot

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The species of the genus Calligonum L. (Polygonaceae) that appear in Tunisian deserts play an important role in maintaining local ecosystems and supply important natural resources in these regions. In this study, 31 individuals belonging to the 3 hypothetical species of the genus Calligonum (Calligonum arich Le Houér., Calligonum azel Maire, and Calligonum comosum L'Hér.) were collected from 12 populations in 6 localities of the Tunisian desert and examined to assess the relationship between species. Phylogenetic analyses using 1 nuclear (ITS) and 2 plastid regions (trnL-trnF and rbcL) and genome size assessments are used in this study to evaluate the relationships between these hypothetical species. C-value results suggest the existence of 3 different species, which is also supported by phylogenetic tree topology. The paraphyletic pattern of C. comosum and the plausible origin of C. arich from C. azel suggest the existence of several mechanisms of isolation and speciation in the Sahara Desert for this genus. Additional studies are necessary to evaluate the population size, demographic tendency, and conservation status of these desert species and their genetic relationships with other congeners.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome size and phylogenetic relationships between the Tunisian species of the genus Calligonum (Polygonaceae)

Gouja¹,

García‐Fernández²,

Garnatje³

et al. 2014

Turk J Bot

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“…The average percentage difference between latewood density (LWD) and earlywood density (EWD) in C. comosum was 11.8% ± 5.5. On the other hand, the LWD and EWD in L. europaeum were 735.55 ± 12,96 g/dm 3 and 704.81 ± 21.9 g/dm 3 , respectively. In L. schweinfurthii LWD and EWD were 780.17 ± 32.48 g/dm 3 and 750.20± 29.60 g/dm 3 , respectively.…”

Section: Wood Density Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…On the other hand, the LWD and EWD in L. europaeum were 735.55 ± 12,96 g/dm 3 and 704.81 ± 21.9 g/dm 3 , respectively. In L. schweinfurthii LWD and EWD were 780.17 ± 32.48 g/dm 3 and 750.20± 29.60 g/dm 3 , respectively. In L. europaeum and L. schweinfurthii, the average percentage difference between LWD and EWD was 5.2%± 1.87 and 3.6% ± 1.86, respectively.…”

Section: Wood Density Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…The mean bulk wood density ( ± SD) was 664 (± 37.30), 709 (± 38.54), and 704 (± 30.82) (g/ dm 3 ) for L. europaeum, L. schweinfurthii, and C. comosum, respectively. On the other hand, the mean corrected X-ray density values for the same species were 698.09 ± 4.06, 751.12 ± 59.86, and 847.5± 40.45 g/dm 3 , respectively. The relationships between bulk wood density and the X-ray density were relatively strong with R 2 equal to 0.62, 0.75, and 0.82 for L. europaeum, L. schweinfurthii, and C. comosum, respectively.…”

Section: Wood Density Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 89%

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Wood anatomy and dendrochronological potentiality of some woody shrubs from the southern Mediterranean coast in Egypt

Farahat

Gärtner

2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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In tropical and subtropical regions, much research is still required to explore the dendrochronological potential of their trees. This study aims to evaluate the anatomical structure and dendrochronological potential of three Mediterranean desert shrubs in Egypt (Lycium schweinfurthii var. schweinfurthii, L. europaeum, and Calligonum polygonoides subsp. comosum) supported by X-ray density. The results showed that the target species had distinct growth rings at macroscopic and microscopic levels. The vessel traits reflected the adaptability of each species with the prevailing arid climate conditions. After the exclusion of the non-correlated series, we obtained three site chronologies that cover the years 2013-2022 for L. schweinfurthii, 2012-2022 for L. europaeum, and 2011-2022 for C. comosum. The mean series intercorrelation was 0.746, 0.564, and 0.683 for L. schweinfurthii, L. europaeum, and C. comosum, respectively. The EPS (expressed population signal) values ranged from 0.72 to 0.80, while the SNR (species-to-noise ratio) ranged from 9.1 to 21.5. Compiling all series of L. schweinfurthii raised the EPS value to 0.86. The chronologies developed for the studied species were relatively short since we dealt with multi-stemmed shrubs. The average percentage difference between latewood density (LWD) and earlywood density (EWD) in C. comosum, L. europaeum, and L. schweinfurthii were 11.8% ± 5.5, 5.2%± 1.87, and 3.6% ± 1.86, respectively. X-ray densitometry helped in the precise determination of the ring borders of the studied species. The relationships between the radial growth of the studied species and the climate variables were weak to moderate but mostly not significant (i.e., r < 0.7). Generally, the radial growth of the target species had a weak to moderate positive correlation with temperature and precipitation during the wet season (winter), while negatively correlated with temperature for the rest of the year, particularly in summer. Our data agrees with earlier findings that ring formation starts at the beginning of the long vegetative stage, then the rest of the assimilated carbohydrates are directed to the flowering and fruiting at the end of the vegetative stages. For more efficient dendrochronological studies on subtropical and Mediterranean trees, we recommend carrying out xylogenesis studies, collection of phenological data, sampling 45-80 trees per species, using new techniques, and choosing homogeneous and close sites for wood sampling.

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“…Calligonum is considered to be the only genus within Polygonaceae that contains C 4 species (Pyankov et al 2000) and displays rapid rates of evolution and diversification (Mabberly 1990). This accelerated differentiation process causes physiological (Su et al 2005, 2013) and morphological (Mao and Pan 1986; Taia and Moussa 2011; Tao and Ren 2004) changes within these species that facilitate their tolerance of various extreme xeric conditions (Pyankov et al 2000; Su and Zhao 2002). Thus, Calligonum species have been used as the major sand conservation species in northwestern China (Wang et al 2014; Xie et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New morphological and DNA evidence supports the existence of Calligonum jeminaicum Z. M. Mao (Calligoneae, Polygonaceae) in China

Shi¹,

Liu²,

Wen³

et al. 2019

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Calligonum jeminaicum Z. M. Mao, a species regarded as endemic to China, was thought to be nonexistent owing to a lack of scientific records. The similarity of C. jeminaicum to C. mongolicum Turcz. warranted an investigation into the taxonomical relationship between these species. In this study, a naturally occurring population of C. jeminaicum was discovered and the taxonomical relationships of this species with C. mongolicum were resolved. Morphological traits, including fruit and flower characteristics, as well as nuclear (ETS, ITS) and chloroplast (psbA-trnH, ycf6-psbM, rpl32-trnL, rbcL, and trnL-F) DNA sequence data were studied to confirm the taxonomic status of C. jeminaicum. The nrDNA data (ITS1-2 and ETS) from C. jeminaicum reflected variability from the whole C. mongolicum complex, showing distinctive haplotypes in the Calligonum sect. Medusa Sosk. & Alexandr. The cpDNA data supplied similar evidence, showing unique branching in Bayesian and ML tree analyses. The specific status of C. jeminaicum is confirmed based on both morphological and molecular analyses. Here we present a revised description of C. jeminaicum along with its DNA barcode and discuss suggestions for the conservation of this species. Based on current evidence, this species was evaluated as Critically Endangered (CR) according to the IUCN criteria.

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Phenotypic Variations in <i>Calligonum comosum</i>L`Her (Polygonaceae) Grown in Al-Nefud Desert in Saudi Arabia

Cited by 5 publications

References 9 publications

Genome size and phylogenetic relationships between the Tunisian species of the genus Calligonum (Polygonaceae)

Genome size and phylogenetic relationships between the Tunisian species of the genus Calligonum (Polygonaceae)

Wood anatomy and dendrochronological potentiality of some woody shrubs from the southern Mediterranean coast in Egypt

New morphological and DNA evidence supports the existence of Calligonum jeminaicum Z. M. Mao (Calligoneae, Polygonaceae) in China

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