Phenotyping sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] for drought tolerance with special emphasis to root angle

Girma, Firezer; Mekbib, Firew; Tadesse, Tsegaye; Menamo, Temesgen; Bantte, Kassahun

doi:10.5897/ajar2020.14801

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Under water deficit conditions, the diffusion of CO 2 to the carboxylation sites is limited due to stomatal closure and increased mesophyll resistance [58]. This inhibits the transport of electrons thus leading to an imbalance between the electron transport rate and CO 2 fixation rate [31,32]. The photosynthetic performance is one of the parameters providing useful and quantitative information on plant condition and vitality [24,46,59] and appeared to be highly linked to stomatal activity despite environments changes as revealed by PCA biplot analysis (Figure 5), these two parameters control the plant adaptation strategies.…”

Section: The Adaptive Behavior Of Varietiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerous genes and QTLs associated with root traits under drought have been reported in the recent years [28]. Therefore, the roots represent a very effective means for characterizing sorghum adaptation to drought [31,38] as the diversification of phenotypic traits would be necessary because simulations predicted the increase of the vulnerability of sorghum production to early season drought stress [11]. Previous authors showed that the spatial distribution of root length density determines water and nutrient uptake [34,70] and revealed high variation among sorghum varieties.…”

Section: The Adaptive Behavior Of Varietiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, the sorghum ability to tolerate water shortage is also due to its roots system which can extend into the deep soil layers and its investigation through roots length density (RLD) trait measurement revealed its importance [29]. Previous studies suggested that targeting root traits is relevant for plant improvement under drought and nutrient limitation conditions leading to pay more attention to root architecture system [28,30,31] As the RLD distribution in the soil is a key factor for water and nutrient uptake [32,33]. However, its field conditions is not obvious but remain relevant to screen drought tolerant varieties based on RLD [34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adaptation Responses to Early Drought Stress of West Africa Sorghum Varieties

et al. 2021

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Sorghum is the fifth most important cereal crop world-wide and feeds millions of people in the Sahel. However, it often faces early-stage water deficit due to false onsets of rainy seasons resulting in production decrease. Therefore, developing early drought tolerant material becomes a necessity but requires a good knowledge of adaptation mechanisms, which remains to be elucidated. The present study aimed at assessing the effects of early drought stress on ten elite sorghum varieties tested over two years (2018–2019) at the National Agronomic Research Centre (CNRA) of Bambey (Senegal, West Africa). Two different water regimes (well-watered and drought stress) were applied during the dry season. Water stress was applied by withholding irrigation 25 days after sowing for one month, followed by optimal irrigation until maturity. Soil moisture measurements were performed and allowed to follow the level of stress (down to a fraction of transpirable soil water (FTSW) of 0.30 at the end of stress). An agro-physio-morphological monitoring was carried out during the experiment. Results showed highly significant effects of early drought stress in sorghum plants growth by decreasing leaf appearance, biomass, height but also yield set up. The combined analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences (p ≤ 0.01) between varieties in the different environments for most characters. Under water deficit, the variability was less strong on leaf appearance and plant height at the end of stress. The adaptation responses were related to the capacity of varieties to grow up fast and complete their cycle rather, increase the dead leaves weight, reduce photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance, leaf transpiration and increase the roots length density. However, varieties V1, V2, V8 and V9 showed promising behavior under stress and could be suitable for further application in West Africa for sorghum breeding and farming.

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Section: The Adaptive Behavior Of Varietiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Adaptive Behavior Of Varietiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adaptation Responses to Early Drought Stress of West Africa Sorghum Varieties

et al. 2021

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“…The nodal root angle is an important aspect of sorghum's RSA, influencing the elongation and spatial distribution of roots in the soil profile and potentially impacting drought adaptation (Joshi et al, 2017;Singh et al, 2011). Root angle has recently received increased attention as an important trait for breeding drought tolerance in sorghum (Demelash et al, 2021;Demelash et al, 2023;Girma, Mekbib et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi‐locus genome‐wide association study reveal genomic regions underlying root system architecture traits in Ethiopian sorghum germplasm

Elias,

Chere,

Lule

et al. 2024

The Plant Genome

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The identification of genomic regions underlying the root system architecture (RSA) is vital for improving crop abiotic stress tolerance. To improve sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) for environmental stress tolerance, information on genetic variability and genomic regions linked to RSA traits is paramount. The aim of this study was, therefore, to investigate common quantitative trait nucleotides (QTNs) via multiple methodologies and identify genomic regions linked to RSA traits in a panel of 274 Ethiopian sorghum accessions. Multi‐locus genome‐wide association study was conducted using 265,944 high‐quality single nucleotide polymorphism markers. Considering the QTN detected by at least three different methods, a total of 17 reliable QTNs were found to be significantly associated with root angle, number, length, and dry weight. Four QTNs were detected on chromosome SBI‐05, followed by SBI‐01 and SBI‐02 with three QTNs each. Among the 17 QTNs, 11 are colocated with previously identified root traits quantitative trait loci and the remaining six are genome regions with novel genes. A total of 118 genes are colocated with these up‐ and down‐streams of the QTNs. Moreover, five QTNs were found intragenic. These QTNs are S5_8994835 (number of nodal roots), S10_55702393 (number of nodal roots), S1_56872999 (nodal root angle), S9_1212069 (nodal root angle), and S5_5667192 (root dry weight) intragenic regions of Sobic.005G073101, Sobic.010G198000, Sobic.001G273000, Sobic.009G013600, and Sobic.005G054700, respectively. Particularly, Sobic.005G073101, Sobic.010G198000, and Sobic.009G013600 were found responsible for the plant growth hormone‐induced RSA. These genes may regulate root development in the seedling stage. Further analysis on these genes might be important to explore the genetic structure of RSA of sorghum.

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Multi‐locus genome‐wide association study for grain yield and drought tolerance indices in sorghum accessions

Tsehaye,

Menamo,

Abay

et al. 2024

The Plant Genome

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Drought is a significant factor that causes yield loss in essential cereal crops such as sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench], necessitating the development of drought‐tolerant varieties adaptable to various water conditions. This study aimed to pinpoint drought‐tolerant sorghum lines and genomic regions for tolerance by utilizing 216 sorghum accessions in stressed and non‐stressed environments at two locations. Genetic diversity was evident among accessions in terms of grain yield under different watering regimes. Drought stress indices such as the stress tolerance index, mean productivity, geometric mean productivity, harmonic mean productivity, yield stability index, and yield index were identified as effective measures for selecting drought‐tolerant sorghum. Cluster analysis classified genotypes into four groups based on their association with grain yield, highlighting Acc. #28546 and Acc. #216739 as highly drought tolerant across environments. This study identified 32 and 22 quantitative trait nucleotides (QTNs) for drought indices and grain yield under stress and non‐stress conditions, respectively, at two locations, with five common QTNs linked to multiple drought indices. Colocation analysis revealed that these QTNs were associated with known stay‐green‐related quantitative trait loci (QTLs), and 47 putative genes near these QTNs potentially influenced drought tolerance traits. It is suggested that accession selection considers multiple indices for robust evaluation. Understanding the identified genes and their functions provides insights into the genetic mechanisms governing plant responses to drought stress, offering prospects for developing improved drought‐resistant sorghum varieties through further genetic research.

show abstract

Phenotyping sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] for drought tolerance with special emphasis to root angle

Cited by 10 publications

References 4 publications

Adaptation Responses to Early Drought Stress of West Africa Sorghum Varieties

Adaptation Responses to Early Drought Stress of West Africa Sorghum Varieties

Multi‐locus genome‐wide association study reveal genomic regions underlying root system architecture traits in Ethiopian sorghum germplasm

Multi‐locus genome‐wide association study for grain yield and drought tolerance indices in sorghum accessions

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