Phenyl‐2,4,6‐trimethylbenzoylphosphinates as water‐soluble photoinitiators. Generation and reactivity of OṖ(C6H5)(O−) radical anions

Majima, Tetsuro; Schnabel, W.; Weber, W.

doi:10.1002/macp.1991.021921010

Cited by 134 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Inspired by previous work on photolithographically-patterned microfluidic channels made in water-impermeable PEG-DA-258 31,36 , we studied SL resin formulations that consisted of a mixture of transparent PEG-DA-250 monomer with small amounts of photoinitiator. In order to achieve a high cytocompatibility in our devices, we have limited our choice of photoinitiator to commercially-available photoinitiators of the Irgacure family that have been widely used for cell encapsulation studies in combination with PEG-DA hydrogels: Irgacure-819 (BASF) and Irgacure-784 (BASF) 41–45 . These photoinitiators are produced in large amounts so they are inexpensive ($68/lb), making them very attractive to the cost-conscious 3D-printing community.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D-printing of transparent bio-microfluidic devices in PEG-DA

et al. 2016

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The vast majority of microfluidic systems are molded in poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) by soft lithography due to the favorable properties of PDMS: biocompatible, elastomeric, transparent, gas-permeable, inexpensive, and copyright-free. However, PDMS molding involves tedious manual labor, which makes PDMS devices prone to assembly failures and difficult to disseminate to research and clinical settings. Furthermore, the fabrication procedures limit the 3D complexity of the devices to layered designs. Stereolithography (SL), a form of 3D-printing, has recently attracted attention as a way to customize the fabrication of biomedical devices due to its automated, assembly-free 3D fabrication, rapidly decreasing costs, and fast-improving resolution and throughput. However, existing SL resins are not biocompatible and patterning transparent resins at high resolution remains difficult. Here we report procedures for the preparation and patterning of a transparent resin based on low-MW poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (MW 250) (PEG-DA-250). The 3D-printed devices are highly transparent and cells can be cultured on PEG-DA-250 prints for several days. This biocompatible SL resin and printing process solves some of the main drawbacks of 3D-printed microfluidic devices: biocompatibility and transparency. In addition, it should also enable the production of non-microfluidic biomedical devices.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D-printing of transparent bio-microfluidic devices in PEG-DA

et al. 2016

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“…26,27 The PEG–PCL-DA polymers were dissolved in deionized water and mixed with the LAP water solution to reach various final concentrations (10, 20, and 40% w/v). The mixed solution was then poured into a cylinder or strip mold, followed by exposure under an light-emitting diode (LED) splash lighter (395–405 nm, 5 W) for 2 min to irradiate the mixed solution.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Elastic Biodegradable Single-Network Hydrogel for Cell Printing

Lee

Dai

et al. 2018

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Cell printing is becoming a common technique to fabricate cellularized printed scaffold for biomedical application. There are still significant challenges in soft tissue bioprinting using hydrogels, which requires live cells inside the hydrogels. Moreover, the resilient mechanical properties from hydrogels are also required to mechanically mimic the native soft tissues. Herein, we developed a visible-light cross-linked, single-network, biodegradable hydrogel with high elasticity and flexibility for cell printing, which is different from previous highly elastic hydrogel with double-network and two components. The single-network hydrogel using only one stimulus (visible light) to trigger gelation can greatly simplify the cell printing process. The obtained hydrogels possessed high elasticity, and their mechanical properties can be tuned to match various native soft tissues. The hydrogels had good cell compatibility to support fibroblast growth in vitro. Various human cells were bioprinted with the hydrogels to form cell–gel constructs, in which the cells exhibited high viability after 7 days of culture. Complex patterns were printed by the hydrogels, suggesting the hydrogel feasibility for cell printing. We believe that this highly elastic, single-network hydrogel can be simply printed with different cell types, and it may provide a new material platform and a new way of thinking for hydrogel-based bioprinting research.

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“…2c). In the presence of either I2959, a commercial initiator commonly used for photoencapsulation of cells, or lithium phenyl-2,4,6-trimethylbenzoylphosphinate (LAP), a highly water-soluble initiator with strong absorbance at 365 nm,[39] gelation occurs within several minutes at even the lowest initiator concentrations studied. LAP initiates a much more rapid polymerization than I2959 for the thiol-ene polymerization, with gelation occurring in one second at 11mM LAP concentration.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Versatile Synthetic Extracellular Matrix Mimic via Thiol‐Norbornene Photopolymerization

et al. 2009

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Synthetic hydrogels with engineered, cell-mediated degradation sites are an important category of biomimetic materials. Here, hydrogels are synthesized by a step-growth reaction mechanism via a radically mediated thiol-norbornene (thiol-ene) photopolymerization. This reaction combines the advantages of ideal, homogeneous polymer network formation, facile incorporation of peptides without post-synthetic modification, and spatial and temporal control over the network evolution into a single system to produce proteolytically degradable poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) peptide hydrogels. Using a thiol-ene photopolymerization, rapid gelation times are achieved, while maintaining high cell viability for cell encapsulation. The enzyme- and cellresponsive characteristics are demonstrated by tailoring the rate of spreading of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) through both the selection of proteolytically degradable crosslinkers and the density of the adhesion peptide RGDS. Furthermore, cellular function is manipulated spatially within the thiol-ene hydrogels through biochemical photopatterning. The high degree of spatial and temporal control over gelation, combined with robust material properties, makes thiol-ene hydrogels an excellent tool for a variety of medical and biological applications.

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Phenyl‐2,4,6‐trimethylbenzoylphosphinates as water‐soluble photoinitiators. Generation and reactivity of OṖ(C₆H₅)(O⁻) radical anions

Cited by 134 publications

References 11 publications

3D-printing of transparent bio-microfluidic devices in PEG-DA

3D-printing of transparent bio-microfluidic devices in PEG-DA

Highly Elastic Biodegradable Single-Network Hydrogel for Cell Printing

A Versatile Synthetic Extracellular Matrix Mimic via Thiol‐Norbornene Photopolymerization

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