Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase2.1 contributes to the soybean response towards Phytophthora sojae infection

Zhang, Chuanzhong; Wang, Xin; Zhang, Feng; Dong, Lidong; Wu, Jianzhong; Cheng, Qun; Qi, Dongyue; Yan, Xiaofei; Jiang, Lan; Fan, Shiliang; Li, Ninghui; Li, Dongmei; Xu, Pengfei; Zhang, Shuzhen

doi:10.1038/s41598-017-07832-2

Cited by 72 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 112 publications

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“…In agreement with biochemical data, a series of key structural phenylpropanoid genes was up‐regulated in LCYb‐ overexpressing fruits: for instance, PHENYLALANINE AMMONIA‐LYASE ( PAL ) at the MG and B stages, and CHALCONE SYNTHASE ( CHS ) at the MG and B+10 stages. ABA has been shown previously to promote PAL and CHS expression (Yu et al , ; Zhang et al , ) and PAL activity (Jiang and Joyce, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Manipulation of β‐carotene levels in tomato fruits results in increased ABA content and extended shelf life

Diretto

Frusciante

Fabbri

et al. 2019

Plant Biotechnology Journal

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Summary Tomato fruit ripening is controlled by the hormone ethylene and by a group of transcription factors, acting upstream of ethylene. During ripening, the linear carotene lycopene accumulates at the expense of cyclic carotenoids. Fruit‐specific overexpression of LYCOPENE β‐CYCLASE (LCYb) resulted in increased β‐carotene (provitamin A) content. Unexpectedly, LCYb‐overexpressing fruits also exhibited a diverse array of ripening phenotypes, including delayed softening and extended shelf life. These phenotypes were accompanied, at the biochemical level, by an increase in abscisic acid (ABA) content, decreased ethylene production, increased density of cell wall material containing linear pectins with a low degree of methylation, and a thicker cuticle with a higher content of cutin monomers and triterpenoids. The levels of several primary metabolites and phenylpropanoid compounds were also altered in the transgenic fruits, which could be attributed to delayed fruit ripening and/or to ABA. Network correlation analysis and pharmacological experiments with the ABA biosynthesis inhibitor, abamine, indicated that altered ABA levels were a direct effect of the increased β‐carotene content and were in turn responsible for the extended shelf life phenotype. Thus, manipulation of β‐carotene levels results in an improvement not only of the nutritional value of tomato fruits, but also of their shelf life.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Manipulation of β‐carotene levels in tomato fruits results in increased ABA content and extended shelf life

Diretto

Frusciante

Fabbri

et al. 2019

Plant Biotechnology Journal

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“…1 at 1 and 2 dai were high, indicating their importance in soybean resistance to ASR. According to Zhang et al (2017), high PAL2 . 1 gene expression was associated with the resistance of soybean plants to Phytophthora sojae infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nickel potentiates soybean resistance against infection by Phakopsora pachyrhizi

et al. 2020

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Asian soybean rust (ASR), caused by the fungus Phakopsora pachyrhizi, causes significant yield losses worldwide. Nickel (Ni) plays a key role in the metabolism of some profitable crops, such as soybeans, because it is a constituent of several biomolecules and is required for the catalytic process of several enzymes. This study investigated the effect of foliar Ni treatment on the potentiation of soybean cultivar TMG 135 resistance to P. pachyrhizi infection at the microscopic, biochemical, and molecular levels. The severity of ASR decreased by 35% in plants treated with Ni. The malondialdehyde concentration, an indicator of cellular oxidative damage, was high in the leaves of plants that were not treated with Ni and was linked to ASR severity and the extensive colonization of the palisade and spongy parenchyma cells by fungal hyphae. The lignin concentration, β‐1,3‐glucanase activity, and expression of the URE gene and the defence‐related genes PAL1.1, PAL2.1, CHI1B1, and PR‐1A were up‐regulated in Ni‐treated plants infected with P. pachyrhizi. The information provided by this study shows the great potential of Ni to increase the basal level of soybean resistance to ASR and to complement other control methods within the context of sustainable agriculture.

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“…In rice, OsPAL6 ‐knockout mutant plants were highly susceptible to Magnaporthe oryzae and susceptibility was associated with decreased flavonoid, phytoalexin and SA accumulation (Duan et al ., ). Knockdown of PAL expression in soybean inhibits SA biosynthesis and resistance to P. syringae and Phytophthora sojae (Shine et al ., ; Zhang et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Maize phenylalanine ammonia‐lyases contribute to resistance to Sugarcane mosaic virus infection, most likely through positive regulation of salicylic acid accumulation

Wen

Jiang

et al. 2019

Molecular Plant Pathology

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Summary Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) is a pathogen of worldwide importance that causes dwarf mosaic disease on maize (Zea mays). Until now, few maize genes/proteins have been shown to be involved in resistance to SCMV. In this study, we characterized the role of maize phenylalanine ammonia‐lyases (ZmPALs) in accumulation of the defence signal salicylic acid (SA) and in resistance to virus infection. SCMV infection significantly increased SA accumulation and expression of SA‐responsive pathogenesis‐related protein genes (PRs). Interestingly, exogenous SA treatment decreased SCMV accumulation and enhanced resistance. Both reverse transcription‐coupled quantitative PCR and RNA‐Seq data confirmed that expression levels of at least four ZmPAL genes were significantly up‐regulated upon SCMV infection. Knockdown of ZmPAL expression led to enhanced SCMV infection symptom severity and virus multiplication, and simultaneously resulted in decreased SA accumulation and PR gene expression. Intriguingly, application of exogenous SA to SCMV‐infected ZmPAL‐silenced maize plants decreased SCMV accumulation, showing that ZmPALs are required for SA‐mediated resistance to SCMV infection. In addition, lignin measurements and metabolomic analysis showed that ZmPALs are also involved in SCMV‐induced lignin accumulation and synthesis of other secondary metabolites via the phenylpropanoid pathway. In summary, our results indicate that ZmPALs are required for SA accumulation in maize and are involved in resistance to virus infection by limiting virus accumulation and moderating symptom severity.

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Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase2.1 contributes to the soybean response towards Phytophthora sojae infection

Cited by 72 publications

References 112 publications

Manipulation of β‐carotene levels in tomato fruits results in increased ABA content and extended shelf life

Manipulation of β‐carotene levels in tomato fruits results in increased ABA content and extended shelf life

Nickel potentiates soybean resistance against infection by Phakopsora pachyrhizi

Maize phenylalanine ammonia‐lyases contribute to resistance to Sugarcane mosaic virus infection, most likely through positive regulation of salicylic acid accumulation

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