Phenytoin Metabolic Ratio, a Marker of CYP2C9 Activity, is Superior to the CYP2C9 Genotype as a Predictor of (S)-Warfarin Clearance

Pharmacogenetic Variants and Plasma Concentrations of Antiseizure Drugs

“…Most of the included studies were prospectively conducted in neurological patients who had taken multiple doses of medication and reached steady state. Of 98 included studies, 12 studies34,38,48,57,63,64,77,80,103,104,120,121 had a retrospective design, and 6 studies32,33,45,50,52,90 included healthy volunteers who had taken a single dose of medication under standardized conditions. The included studies were mainly conducted with East Asian (69 studies) and White or European (15 studies) cohorts, while the age of the included participants varied considerably in the available studies; the demographic cohort characteristics and study design of the included studies are detailed in eTables 2 through 9 in Supplement 1.…”