Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute myeloid leukemia successfully treated by allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A case report and review of the literature

Abstract

Rational: The Philadelphia chromosome (Ph) is seen in most patients with chronic myeloid leukemia and some patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. However, Ph-positive acute myeloid leukemia (Ph + AML) is a rare entity with a poor prognosis and a short median survival period. To date, there have been few clinical reports on this disease. And the treatment regimen of this disease has not been uniformly determined. Patient concerns: We report a case of a Ph + AML. A 32-year-old male who was admitted to our hospital with weakness for 2 months. Diagnosis: Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute myeloid leukemia. Interventions: The patient achieved complete remission by the administration of a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, combined with low-intensity chemotherapy and a B-cell lymphoma 2 inhibitor. Then, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) from his sister was successfully performed. Outcomes: The patient has been in a continuous remission state for 6 months after transplantation. Lessons: We reported a rare Ph + AML case, successfully treated with allo-HSCT. This case provided strong support for treating Ph + AML with allo-HSCT.