Philosophy Enters the Optics Laboratory: Bell’s Theorem and Its First Experimental Tests (1965–1982)

Abstract

This paper deals with the ways that the issue of completing quantum mechanics was brought into laboratories and became a topic in mainstream quantum optics. It focuses on the period between 1965, when Bell published what we now call Bell's theorem, and 1982, when Aspect published the results of his experiments. Discussing some of those past contexts and practices, I show that factors in addition to theoretical innovations, experiments, and techniques were necessary for the flourishing of this subject, and that the experimental implications of Bell's theorem were neither suddenly recognized nor quickly highly regarded by physicists. Indeed, I will argue that what was considered good physics after Aspect's 1982 experiments was once considered by many a philosophical matter instead of a scientific one, and that the path from philosophy to physics required a change in the physics community's attitude about the status of the foundations of quantum mechanics.

Unveiling Quantum Communication: From Bell's Inequality to Neutrosophic Logic

“…This logic system, developed by Professor Florentin Smarandache, deals with indeterminate and inconsistent information, a perfect fit for the enigmatic world of quantum mechanics. Neutrosophic logic can account for the inherent fuzziness and probabilities associated with entangled particles, potentially aiding in the development of more robust and reliable quantum communication systems [4][5]. The potential of Bell's inequality and neutrosophic logic extends beyond communication.…”