Phlebitis-related peripheral venous catheterization and the associated risk factors

Atay, Selma; Şen, Selda; Çukurlu, Dilek

doi:10.4103/njcp.njcp_337_17

Cited by 40 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…The direct observation of signs and symptoms could potentially be problematic not only for assessment but also for treatment and follow-up if the items to be assessed are not specifically detailed. The use of scales would therefore be essential [7]. Several tools to assess the presence and severity of PVC-related phlebitis have been described in the literature, but guidelines are lacking, and further studies are recommended to obtain valid and reliable assessment tools [12].…”

Section: Assessment Dimensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This process results in a wide range of symptoms, generally of a local character [6]. Some studies [7] have related phlebitis in adult patients with the presence of a chronic illness, the duration of catheter embedment, and the infusion type. Once phlebitis has developed, an immediate removal of catheter has been associated with an improvement in clinical signs and symptoms [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment, Treatment, and Follow-Up of Phlebitis Related to Peripheral Venous Catheterisation: A Delphi Study in Spain

Torné-Ruiz,

Reguant,

Sanromà-Ortiz

et al. 2024

Healthcare

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Background: Phlebitis related to peripheral venous catheters (PVCs) is a common complication in patients who require these devices and can have important consequences for the patients and the healthcare system. The management and control of the PVC-associated complications is related to nursing competency. The present study aims to determine, at the national level in Spain, the consensus on the assessment, treatment, and follow-up of PVC-related phlebitis and the importance of the actions taken. Method: A three-round Delphi technique was used with clinical care nurses who are experts in the field of in-hospital intravenous treatment in Spain. For this, an online questionnaire was developed with three open-ended questions on the dimensions of phlebitis assessment, treatment, and follow-up. For the statistical analysis of the results, frequencies and percentages were used to determine consensus, and the measures of central tendency (mean, standard deviation, and the coefficient of variation) were used to rank importance. The coefficient of variation was set as acceptable at ≤30%. Results: The final sample was 27 expert nurses. At the conclusion of round 3, actions were ranked according to their importance, with six items included in the PVC-related phlebitis assessment (symptomatology/observation, redness, the Maddox scale, induration, temperature, and pain), two in treatment (catheter removal, pentosan polysulphate sodium ointment + application of cold), and just one in follow-up (general monitoring + temperature control). Conclusions: There is a major disparity in relation to the PVC-related phlebitis assessment, treatment, and follow-up actions. More clinical studies are therefore needed to minimise the complications associated with the use of PVCs, given their impact on the quality of care and patient safety and their economic cost.

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Section: Assessment Dimensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment, Treatment, and Follow-Up of Phlebitis Related to Peripheral Venous Catheterisation: A Delphi Study in Spain

Torné-Ruiz,

Reguant,

Sanromà-Ortiz

et al. 2024

Healthcare

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“…Hasil tersebut secara tidak langsung menunjukkan bahwa kejadian flebitis cenderung lebih besar terjadi pada pasien yang menggunakan jenis cairan hipertonik. Hal ini diakibatkan karena cairan hipertonik dapat menarik cairan dari endotelium yang dapat menyebabkan sel menyusut dan melemah sehingga rentan untuk terjadi infiltrasi dan flebitis (Atay et al, 2018).…”

Section: Pembahasanunclassified

Factors Influencing the Incidence of Phlebitis in Hospitalized Patients

Mandias,

Pitoy,

Shintya

et al. 2023

JNC

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Background: Phlebitis is a nosocomial infection that often occurs and can be found in hospitals. Phlebitis is an infection that occurs in the walls of the veins which can be caused by various factors such as internal factors namely age and gender, as well as external factors such as the size of the infusion needle, the type of infusion fluid, the aseptic technique of infusion, and the number of days the infusion has been installed. Because of many factors influencing the phlebitis, lack of focus on phlebitis prevention often occurs.Purpose: This study aimed to determine the relationship between risk factors of phlebitis such as age, gender, infusion size, type of infusion fluid, location of infusion, length of infusion installed, and aseptic technique with the incidence of phlebitis in patients at a Private Hospital in Manado.Methods: The research method was quantitative, descriptive correlation with a cross-sectional approach. The sampling technique was used consecutive sampling with a total sample of 192 patients. Data was collected using an observation form for phlebitis risk factors and Visual Infusion Phlebitis (VIP) to measure phlebitis.Results: An analysis was carried out using the chi-square test and it was found that there were three risk factors that had a significant relationship with the incidence of phlebitis. These factors were the type of fluid (p= 0.000), aseptic technique (p= 0.011), and length of infusion installed (p= 0.020). While age (p= 0.383), sex (p= 0.948), infusion size (p= 0.247), and location of infusion (p= 0.826) had no relationship with the incidence of phlebitis. Furthermore, after logistic regression analysis, it was found that the type of fluid has a 13,539 times greater risk of developing phlebitis compared to the length of infusion installed and aseptic technique.Conclusion: The risk factors such as type of fluid, aseptic technique, and the length of infusion installed had a significant relationship with the incidence of phlebitis in a patient at a Private Hospital in Manado. The type of fluid is the most influential risk factor for the incidence of phlebitis in patients. It is recommended for nurses to minimize the use of hypertonic fluids, unless there are no contraindications. In addition, further attention is also needed regarding aseptic technique during infusion and pay attention to the condition of the patient's infusion during the treatment period. ABSTRAKPendahuluan: Flebitis merupakan infeksi nosocomial yang sering terjadi dan banyak ditemui di rumah sakit. Flebitis adalah infeksi yang terjadi pada dinding pembuluh darah vena yang dapat diakibatkan oleh berbagai faktor seperti faktor internal yaitu usia dan jenis kelamin, serta faktor eksternal seperti ukuran jarum infus, jenis cairan infus, teknik aseptik pemasangan infus, dan lama hari infus terpasang. Begitu banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi terjadinya flebitis mengakibatkan kurangnya fokus pencegahan flebitis pada sumber penyebabnya.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara faktor resiko terjadinya flebitis seperti usia, jenis kelamin, ukuran infus, jenis cairan infus, lokasi pemasangan infus, lama infus terpasang, dan teknik aseptik dengan kejadian flebitis pada pasien di salah satu Rumah Sakit swasta di Manado.Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat kuantitatif dengan metode deskriptif korelasi dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah consecutive sampling dan didapatkan jumlah sampel sebesar 192 pasien. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan lembar observasi faktor resiko flebitis dan Visual Infusion Phlebitis (VIP) untuk mengukur flebitis.Hasil: Telah dilakukan analisis dengan menggunakan uji chi-square dan ditemukan bahwa terdapat tiga faktor resiko yang memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan kejadian flebitis. Faktor tersebut adalah jenis cairan (p= 0,000), teknik aseptik (p= 0,011), dan lama infus terpasang (p= 0,020). Sedangkan usia (p= 0,383), jenis kelamin (p= 0,948), ukuran infus (p= 0,247), lokasi pemasangan (p= 0,826) tidak memiliki hubungan dengan kejadian flebitis. Lebih lanjut setelah dilakukan analisa regresi logistik, ditemukan bahwa jenis cairan memiliki risiko 13.539 kali lebih besar terjadinya flebitis dibandingkan dengan lama infus terpasang dan teknik aseptik.Kesimpulan: Faktor resiko jenis cairan, teknik aseptic, dan lama infus terpasang memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan kejadian flebitis pada pasien di salah satu Rumah Sakit Swasta Di Manado. Jenis cairan merupakan faktor resiko yan g paling berpengaruh terhadap kejadian flebitis pada pasien. Diharapkan bagi perawat untuk meminimalisir penggunaan cairan hipertonik, kecuali tidak ada kontraindikasi. Selainitu, dibutuhkan juga perhatian lebih lanjutg mengenai teknik aseptik pada saat pemasangan infus serta memperhatikan kondisi infus pasien selama masa perawatan.

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“…Instrumentos com tais características incrementam a qualidade da avaliação da flebite, contribuem para a segurança do paciente e podem ser adotados por instituições de saúde para promover a cultura de segurança do paciente (3) . Diversos instrumentos de avaliação de flebite estão disponíveis na literatura (4) e comumente são utilizados por pesquisadores da área, tais como a Visual Infusion Phlebitis Assessment (VIP scale) (5) , Peripheral Venous Catheter Assess (PVC Assess) (6) , Maddox Scale (7) e a Infusion Nursing Society -Phlebitis Scale (INS Phlebitis Scale) (8)(9)(10)(11)(12) . Tais escalas possibilitam caracterizar a flebite de forma progressiva em graus, variando de zero (ausência de sinais clínicos de flebite) até graus 4 ou 5 (sinais de maior gravidade).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Escala Portuguesa de Flebite: adaptação transcultural, validade e confiabilidade para uso no Brasil

Braga,

Mota,

Queiroz

et al. 2023

Rev. Eletr. Enferm.

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Objetivos: Adaptar a Escala Portuguesa de Flebite para a cultura brasileira e verificar as propriedades psicométricas da versão adaptada. Métodos: Estudo metodológico envolvendo análise da equivalência semântica, cultural e idiomática para adaptação transcultural, cognitive debriefing, verificação da consistência interna e validade de construto. Equivalência foi analisada utilizando percentual de acordos. Validade de construto foi testada utilizando análise fatorial exploratória. A confiabilidade foi avaliada pela consistência interna (α de Cronbach e Ω de McDonald). Resultados: No processo de adaptação transcultural, envolvendo dez especialistas, dois itens não alcançaram concordância ≥ 80% e sofreram ajustes conforme as sugestões recebidas. Doze participantes do cognitive debriefing aprovaram a versão adaptada. Participaram da análise de confiabilidade e de validação do construto 244 adultos em uso de cateter venoso periférico. Análise fatorial exploratória identificou um único fator incluindo todos os itens testados (dor, eritema, edema, rubor no trajeto da veia e cordão venoso palpável) e carga fatorial > 0,743. Consistência interna do conjunto de itens foi alta (α de Cronbach = 0,771 e Ω de McDonald = 0,853). Conclusão: A Escala Portuguesa de Flebite – Versão adaptada para o Brasil mostrou-se válida e confiável. Alcançou propriedades que permitem sua utilização na prática clínica, no ensino e pesquisas no país.

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Phlebitis-related peripheral venous catheterization and the associated risk factors

Cited by 40 publications

References 1 publication

Assessment, Treatment, and Follow-Up of Phlebitis Related to Peripheral Venous Catheterisation: A Delphi Study in Spain

Assessment, Treatment, and Follow-Up of Phlebitis Related to Peripheral Venous Catheterisation: A Delphi Study in Spain

Factors Influencing the Incidence of Phlebitis in Hospitalized Patients

Escala Portuguesa de Flebite: adaptação transcultural, validade e confiabilidade para uso no Brasil

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