Phlebotominae distribution in Janaúba, an area of transmission for visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil

Michalsky, Érika Monteiro; França-Silva, João Carlos; Barata, Ricardo Andrade; Silva, Fabiana de Oliveira Lara e; Loureiro, Angélica Marciano Fernandes; Fortes-Dias, Consuelo Latorre; Dias, Edelberto Santos

doi:10.1590/s0074-02762009000100009

Cited by 57 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Nevertheless, no numeric difference was found between female and male Lu. L. longipalpis, in contrast to previously published studies reporting male predominance (XIMENES et al, 2000;BARATA et al, 2005;MICHALSKY et al, 2009;QUEIROZ et al, 2009). This finding also contrasts with that of a monitoring survey previously performed in Mossoró (AMÓRA et al, 2010) that found a higher number of female flies.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 75%

“…The districts studied are located in the periphery of the city, with abundant vegetation, domestic animals and organic matter, creating favorable conditions for sand fly breeding and population growth, corroborating XIMENES et al studies (2000). These conditions are known to favor the presence of L. longipalpis (MICHALSKY et al, 2009), the predominant phlebotomine species in the city. Similar results were found in a previous monitoring survey by the same research group (AMÓRA et al, 2010).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This disease remains a major public health challenge in Brazil, especially in states where it is endemic (PAULA et al, 2009). Studies focused on the vector and environmental conditions are key for assessing the transmission risk of this tropical disease (MICHALSKY et al, 2009) and can provide input that will help to determine the most appropriate methods of vector control .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sandflies (Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) survey in an urban transmission area of visceral leishmaniasis, Northeastern Brazil

Ámora

Beviláqua

Feijó

et al. 2010

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a major public health challenge in Brazil, especially in states where it is endemic. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of sand fly population density with environmental variables (temperature, rainfall and relative humidity) in urban areas of the city of Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, Northeastern Brazil. Sand flies were captured with Center Disease Control (CDC) traps installed monthly in the intra and peridomicile of three houses. Data analysis was based on the chi-square test and linear regression. A total of 7,347 sand flies were captured, being 93.85% Lutzomyia longipalpis and 6.15% Lutzomyia evandroi. Sand flies were more commonly found in the peridomicile and there was no difference between the number of males and females. The variables rainy season as well as relative humidity and rainfall, alone or together, did not have an effect on sand fly population density. However, high temperatures had a negative effect. The study of the behavior of sand flies in specific units of endemic areas can provide input to public health authorities for planning appropriate VL vector control measures.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 75%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sandflies (Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) survey in an urban transmission area of visceral leishmaniasis, Northeastern Brazil

Ámora

Beviláqua

Feijó

et al. 2010

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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“…longipalpis accounted for more than 97% of all sandflies captured and was by far the most predominant sandfly species in the investigated peridomicile and intradomicile areas. This vector has also been found to be the principal Lutzomyia species in other endemic areas (Araújo et al 2000, Ximenes et al 2000, Michalsky et al 2009). Lu.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Leishmania infection in humans, dogs and sandflies in a visceral leishmaniasis endemic area in Maranhão, Brazil

Felipe

Aquino

Kuppinger

et al. 2011

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is considered an important neglected disease that affects many countries of the world (Desjeux 2004). On the American continent, VL is caused by the protozoan parasite Leishmania chagasi, which is transmitted to humans and other vertebrate hosts (e.g., dogs) through the bite of a female sandfly. Lutzomyia longipalpis is considered to be the main vector for VL in Brazil (Lainson & Rangel 2005).A high proportion of L. chagasi infected persons do not present any clinical symptoms of disease, even after a long incubation period (asymptomatic form) (Evans et al. 1992, Romero et al. 2009). Cohort studies in Brazil have described detection of asymptomatic seroconvertors with a sensitive and specific enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test using crude antigens from promastigotes (Badaró et al. 1986a, c) Malnutrition is considered one of the most important factors associated with the development of clinical symptoms of leishmaniasis (Alvar et al. 2006). The high frequency of Leishmania infection found in human beings, dogs and Lu. longipalpis in previous studies in the municipality of Raposa, state of Maranhão (MA), Brazil, may also be associated with poverty (Caldas et al. 2001(Caldas et al. , 2002.Notably, the current knowledge on the epidemiology of VL is mainly based on studies examining the prevalence of Leishmania infections only among humans. There are few studies that simultaneously examine L. chagasi infection across several known hosts and carriers. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine the asymptomatic L. chagasi infection rates in human beings, dogs and the vector Lu. longipalpis in the VL endemic area of Raposa. PATIENTS, MATERIALS AND METHODSThe study was performed from August 2006-July 2008 in Vila Maresia, Vila Marisol and Vila Pantoja; all three neighbourhoods are located in the municipality of Raposa situated in the northern coastal region of MA, approximately 28 km from the state capital, São Luis (Figure).In this study, the inclusion criteria for human subjects were the following: living in an endemic area for more than six months, no signs and symptoms of VL (fever for more than 2 weeks, hepatosplenomegaly, weight loss or mucocutaneous pallor) and no previous history of VL. As exclusion criteria, we considered a history of treatment for VL (including treatment failures and relapses), individuals with known immunodeficiency or currently using immunosuppressants and comorbidities (evidence of other conditions leading to splenomegaly, such as schistosomiasis and malaria).In a preliminary census survey, we found 1,417 inhabitants, 986 (70%) of whom participated in the study. This 30% loss was mainly due to internal and external migrations, as well as refusal to participate in the study. Overall, 986 (69.6%) out of 1,417 inhabitants that lived more than six months in the area and did not exhibit clinical VL symptoms participated in the study. From these, 857 individuals (86.9%) were from Vila Maresia, 77 individuals (7.7%) were from Vila Marisol and 52...

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“…In Porteirinha (15 o 44'42''S, 43 o 01'46''W), higher densities of L. longipalpis have been observed during the rainy season and rainfall was the major variable accounting for predicting the L. longipalpis captured . In Janaúba (15°47'50″S, 43°18'31″W) and Várzea Grande (15 o 32'30''S, 56 o 17'18''W), marked and slight increases in population have been observed immediately after rainfall (Missawa & Dias 2007, Michalsky et al 2009). …”

Section: American Visceral Leishmaniasis (Avl) Is a Zoonosis Caused Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Lutzomyia longipalpis (Diptera: Psychodidae) population density with climate variables in Montes Claros, an area of American visceral leishmaniasis transmission in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil

Michalsky¹,

Fortes-Dias²,

França-Silva³

et al. 2009

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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In the present paper, we evaluate the relationship between climate variables and population density of Lutzomyia longipalpis in Montes Claros, an area of active transmission of American visceral leishmaniasis (AVL) mate cycle. L. longipalpis specimens from the 3-day captures each month in all trapping sites (independently of district, transmission profile or house location) were combined and the sum was taken as representative of the number of L. longipalpis captured in the respective month. The trapping sites were carefully selected based on highly similar environmental and ecological conditions, such as presence of domestic animals, fruit trees, accumulated organic matter, human population density, type of construction, landscape, elevation and other local characteristics so as to minimize any eventual interference in the results. The occurrence of human (MR Fonseca, unpublished observations) and/or canine cases of AVL was also taken into account, as well as similar socioeconomical conditions. Districts with different AVL transmission profiles were included (Fig. 1).Monthly climate data were collected by a conventional meteorological station of the Brazilian Institute of Meteorology in Montes Claros (16°68''S, 43°83''W). Monthly temperature (in Celsius) and relative humidity (in percentage) were provided as means of daily maximum and minimum values of each variable, respectively. Data were taken daily at 9 am-9 pm (Brasília time corresponding to 12 am-12 pm -Universal Time Coordinate), following the general procedure adopted by conventional meteorological stations. Rainfall data (in mm) refers to cumulative data.The association between the number of L. longipalpis specimens (dependent variable, represented by "no. Ll") and the independent climate variables [cumulative rainfall (rf), average temperature (tp) and average relative humidity (rh)] was investigated by multiple linear regression (best subsets and backward stepwise regres-

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Phlebotominae distribution in Janaúba, an area of transmission for visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil

Abstract: In Brazil, visceral

Cited by 57 publications

References 23 publications

Sandflies (Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) survey in an urban transmission area of visceral leishmaniasis, Northeastern Brazil

Sandflies (Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) survey in an urban transmission area of visceral leishmaniasis, Northeastern Brazil

Leishmania infection in humans, dogs and sandflies in a visceral leishmaniasis endemic area in Maranhão, Brazil

Association of Lutzomyia longipalpis (Diptera: Psychodidae) population density with climate variables in Montes Claros, an area of American visceral leishmaniasis transmission in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil

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