Phlebotomines (Diptera, Psychodidae) in the Ribeira Valley Speleological Province - 1. Parque Estadual Intervales, state of São Paulo, Brazil

Abstract

ABSTRACT. Phlebotomines (Diptera, Psychodidae) in the Ribeira Valley Speleological Province -1. Parque Estadual Intervales (PEI), São Paulo state, Brazil. The identification of the sandfly fauna and investigation of some ecological aspects of its populations in areas frequented by tourists of the PEI, an Atlantic forest reserve with many caves, were the objective of this study. Captures were undertaken monthly from January 2001 to December 2002, with automatic light traps installed in 13 ecotopes, including caves, forests, domiciliary and peridomiciliary environments, and by aspiration in armadillo burrows. Additionally, although not at regular intervals, Shannon traps were installed in forests and anthropic environments, aspirations were made on cave walls, among roots and fallen leaves, and some insects were captured while biting researchers. A total of 891 sandflies belonging to 21 species were captured. Six hundred specimens representing 19 species were captured with light traps, 215 in anthropic (2.24 insects/trap) and 385 in extra-domiciliary (1.46 insects/trap) environments. Brumptomyia troglodytes was the most abundant species (the Standardised Index of Species Abundance = 0.705). Pintomyia monticola predominated in the Shannon traps and showed anthropophilic and diurnal activity. Psathyromyia pascalei predominated in the aspirations; the largest number being in armadillo burrows. Eleven species were captured in caves; although some might be troglophiles, the majority used these ecotopes as resting places. Nyssomyia intermedia, Nyssomyia neivai and Migonemyia migonei, implicated in the transmission of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the Southeastern Brazilian region, were all found, though in such low densities as to suggest minimal risk of the disease in the PEI. KEYWORDS. Atlantic forest; cave; leishmaniasis; vectors.RESUMO. Phlebotominae (Diptera, Psychodidae) na Província Espeleológica do Vale do Ribeira -1. Parque Estadual Intervales (PEI), estado de São Paulo, Brasil. A identificação da fauna flebotomínea e de alguns aspectos ecológicos de suas populações em áreas freqüentadas por turistas no PEI, situado em reserva de mata Atlântica, constituem-se nos objetivos deste estudo. As capturas foram mensais de janeiro/2001 a dezembro/2002, com armadilhas automáticas luminosas em 13 ecótopos, incluindo cavernas, matas e peridomicílio e aspiração em tocas de tatus. Sem intervalos regulares, foram realizadas capturas com armadilhas de Shannon na mata e ambientes antrópicos, aspiração em paredes de cavernas e entre raízes e folhedo e em membros da equipe quando picados por flebotomíneos. No total foram capturados 891 flebotomíneos pertencentes a 21 espécies. Com as armadilhas automáticas luminosas capturou-se 19 espécies e 600 espécimes, 215 em ambiente antrópico (2,24 insetos/armadilha) e 385 em ambiente natural (1,46 insetos/armadilha). Brumptomyia troglodytes foi a mais abundante, com o índice de abundância das espécies padronizado = 0,705. Pintomyia monticola predominou nas armadilhas de Shannon, mostrando-se...

Phlebotomines (Diptera, Psychodidae) in the Speleological Province of the Ribeira Valley: 3. Serra district - area of hostels for tourists who visit the Parque Estadual do Alto Ribeira (PETAR), state of São Paulo, Brazil

“…Thus the present authors undertook a project for the purpose of identifying the phlebotomine fauna of these two parks (Galati et al 2010a(Galati et al , 2010b, including the areas of the respective lodgings, and characterizing some aspects of its behaviour. This present paper reports on the sandflies of two small farms in the Serra district, with special emphasis on the vectors of leishmaniases.…”

Phlebotomines (Diptera, Psychodidae) in the Speleological Province of the Ribeira Valley: 2. Parque Estadual do Alto Ribeira (PETAR), São Paulo State, Brazil

“…The greatest frequencies of Pa. pascalei at the sites situated on the track to Morro Preto cave, including the Morro Preto cave mouth, and the domicile, all these in hilly areas, suggest a higher concentration of armadillo borrows in this terrain, since this sand fly is clearly associated with these ecotopes (Galati et al 2010). Similar results were observed by Aguiar et al (1985) who captured Psathyromyia barrettoi (Mangabeira, 1942), also in light traps, a species that presents a close affinity with Pa. pascalei, presenting its highest frequency (46.0%) on the Serra dos Órgãos (380 m a.s.l.…”

“…Thus, this project was carried out to investigate leishmaniasis agent vectors bothersome to humans in view of the use of this area for ecotourism, which may bring many susceptible people into contact with them, and to identify the phlebotomine fauna and describe some aspects of its behavior in some of the caves and also in the forested and anthropic environments of PEI (Galati et al 2010) and PETAR. The present paper relates specifically to the sandfly fauna of the PETAR.…”

Description of the female of Evandromyia rupicola (Martins, Godoy & Silva) with a review of the rupicola series (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae)

“…Spermatheca width less than twice that of the individual sperm duct, this being as long as the common duct (Fig 12) ……………….……………............…… E. rupicola Width of spermatheca at least three times that of the individual duct, this being shorter than the common duct (Fig 19) So far, we have information that the rupicola series is restricted to Brazil and is limited to the Atlantic forest domain. Evandromyia correalimai is the species with the widest known distribution, including interior areas of the Southeastern (Forattini et al 1976, Galati et al 2010 and Southern regions (Martins et al 1970, 1978, Gomes & Galati 1977, Aguiar et al 1989, Dias et al 1997, Silva & Grunewald 1999, Luz et al 2000, Massafera et al 2005, Dias-Sversutti et al 2007, Silva et al 2008. Evandromyia rupicola is restricted to the Southeastern region, in the mountainous region of eastern Minas Gerais state (Mayrink et al 1979), Rio de Janeiro state (Martins et al 1962, 1978, Aguiar et al 1985, Afonso et al 2007 and in the coastal area of São Paulo state (Condino 2007).…”

“…Bar = 100 µm. (Forattini et al 1976, Galati et al 2010, PARANÁ state (Apucarana, Arapongas, Borrazópolis, Bandeirantes, Curitiba, Doutor Camargo, Jacarezinho, Jussara, Londrina and Marumbi municipalities (Martins et al 1970, 1978, Gomes & Galati 1977, Aguiar et al 1989, Luz et al 2000, Massafera et al 2005, Dias-Sversutti et al 2007, Silva et al 2008 and RIO GRANDE DO SUL (Derrubadas and Tenente Portela municipalities) (Dias et al 1997, Silva & Grunewald 1999. Evandromyia rupicola: MINAS GERAIS -Caratinga municipality (Mayrink et al 1979), RIO DE JANEIRO state -Magé, Petrópolis, Resende/Itatiaia municipalities (Martins et al 1962, 1978, Aguiar et al 1985, Afonso et al 2007 and SÃO PAULO state -Ilhabela and Ubatuba municipalities (Condino 2007 …”