Phloem Biology of the Cucurbitaceae

Turgeon, Robert

doi:10.1007/7397_2016_23

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…Cucumber phloem transports mainly raffinose‐family oligosaccharides (RFOs) in addition to a small amount of sucrose (Turgeon, ). Interestingly, both biosynthesis and catabolism of RFOs occur in the phloem (Figure S7).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The phloem of the Cucurbitaceae has long been a subject of interest due to its complex nature. In particular, vascular networks in the stems and leaves of these plants have been extensively studied (Fischer, ; Crafts, ; Turgeon, ). However, the structure of the vascular networks in the fruits of the cucurbits is even more complex and difficult to access, being embedded deeply within non‐transport tissues (Knoblauch and Oparka, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bicollateral VBs are an interesting structural feature of cucurbits (Fischer, ; Crafts, ; Turgeon, ). However, to date little is known about the specialized functions of IP and EP in this plant family, or in any other.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The vascular system of cucurbits is complex (Crafts, 1932;Turgeon and Oparka, 2010;Zhang et al, 2010aZhang et al, , 2012Turgeon, 2016). In most plant families, the primary vascular bundles (VBs) are collateral, with phloem external to the xylem.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transcriptomic and functional analysis of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) fruit phloem during early development

Sui

Nie

et al. 2018

The Plant Journal

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The phloem of the Cucurbitaceae has long been a subject of interest due to its complex nature and the economic importance of the family. As in a limited number of other families, cucurbit phloem is bicollateral, i.e. with sieve tubes on both sides of the xylem. To date little is known about the specialized functions of the internal phloem (IP) and external phloem (EP). Here, a combination of microscopy, fluorescent dye transport analysis, micro-computed tomography, laser capture microdissection and RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) were used to study the functions of IP and EP in the vascular bundles (VBs) of cucumber fruit. There is one type of VB in the peduncle, but four in the fruit: peripheral (PeVB), main (MVB), carpel (CVB) and placental (PlVB). The VBs are bicollateral, except for the CVB and PlVB. Phloem mobile tracers and C applied to leaves are transported primarily in the EP, and to a lesser extent in the IP. RNA-Seq data indicate preferential gene transcription in the IP related to differentiation/development, hormone transport, RNA or protein modification/processing/transport, and nitrogen compound metabolism and transport. The EP preferentially expresses genes for stimulus/stress, defense, ion transport and secondary metabolite biosynthesis. The MVB phloem is preferentially involved in photoassimilate transport, unloading and long-distance signaling, while the PeVB plays a more substantial role in morphogenesis and/or development and defense response. CVB and PlVB transcripts are biased toward development of reproductive organs. These findings provide an integrated view of the differentiated structure and function of the vascular tissue in cucumber fruit.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transcriptomic and functional analysis of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) fruit phloem during early development

Sui

Nie

et al. 2018

The Plant Journal

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“…Notably, transported dye is also visible in the commissural sieve tubes joining the vascular bundles (Figure 1f and g). Commissural sieve tubes are part of the extrafascicular phloem system (Turgeon, 2016).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complexity untwined: The structure and function of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) shoot phloem

et al. 2021

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Cucurbit phloem is complex, with large sieve tubes on both sides of the xylem (bicollateral phloem), and extrafascicular elements that form an intricate web linking the rest of the vasculature. Little is known of the physical interconnections between these networks or their functional specialization, largely because the extrafascicular phloem strands branch and turn at irregular angles. Here, export in the phloem from specific regions of the lamina of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) was mapped using carboxyfluorescein and 14 C as mobile tracers. We also mapped vascular architecture by conventional microscopy and X-ray computed tomography using optimized whole-tissue staining procedures. Differential gene expression in the internal (IP) and external phloem (EP) was analyzed by laser-capture microdissection followed by RNA-sequencing. The vascular bundles of the lamina form a nexus at the petiole junction, emerging in a predictable pattern, each bundle conducting photoassimilate from a specific region of the blade. The vascular bundles of the stem interconnect at the node, facilitating lateral transport around the stem. Elements of the extrafascicular phloem traverse the stem and petiole obliquely, joining the IP and EP of adjacent bundles. Using pairwise comparisons and weighted gene coexpression network analysis, we found differences in gene expression patterns between the petiole and stem and between IP and EP, and we identified hub genes of tissue-specific modules. Genes related to transport were expressed primarily in the EP while those involved in cell differentiation and development as well as amino acid transport and metabolism were expressed mainly in the IP.

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Cucumis sativusChromosome Evolution, Domestication, and Genetic Diversity

Weng

2020

Plant Breeding Reviews

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Phloem Biology of the Cucurbitaceae

Cited by 6 publications

References 78 publications

Transcriptomic and functional analysis of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) fruit phloem during early development

Transcriptomic and functional analysis of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) fruit phloem during early development

Complexity untwined: The structure and function of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) shoot phloem

Cucumis sativusChromosome Evolution, Domestication, and Genetic Diversity

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