Phocoena spinipinnis

Brownell, Robert L.; Praderi, Ricardo

doi:10.2307/3503884

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…No sexual dimorphism was noted in extent of tubercle development within the sample. Although the tubercles were prominent to the touch in the larger individuals, none of our specimens had the more prominent horny tubercles found in P. spinipinnis (Allen 1925, Brownell andPraderi 1984).…”

Section: Size-thementioning

confidence: 51%

EXTERNAL MORPHOLOGY AND PIGMENTATION OF THE VAQUITA, PHOCOENA SINUS (CETACEA: MAMMALIA)

Brownell

Findley

Vidal

et al. 1987

Marine Mammal Science

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The vaquita, Phocoena sinus, is a porpoise in the family Phocoenidae that lives only in the Gulf of California. The external appearance of P. sinus was unknown until 13 fresh specimens were recently examined. The most obvious morphological feature distinguishing P. sinus from its two congeners is the proportionately higher dorsal fin. The most striking features of the pigmentation pattern are the large black eye patches and the black upper and lower lip patches. In both areas, the pigmentation contrasts sharply with the surrounding light gray coloration. The total lengths of the specimens ranged from 70.3 cm (a neonate) to 143.5 cm (an adult female).

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Section: Size-thementioning

confidence: 51%

EXTERNAL MORPHOLOGY AND PIGMENTATION OF THE VAQUITA, PHOCOENA SINUS (CETACEA: MAMMALIA)

Brownell

Findley

Vidal

et al. 1987

Marine Mammal Science

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“…34. Sexual dimorphism (Gaskin et al 1974(Gaskin et al , 1984Brownell and Praderi 1984;Brownell et al 1987;Jefferson 1990;Best and da Silva 1993;Jefferson and Newcomer 1993;Shirakihara et al 1993;Goodall and Schiavini 1995;Reyes and Van Waerebeek 1995;Stacey and Arnold 1999;Ralls and Mesnick 2002): 0 = Males are larger than females, 1 = Females are larger than males. 35.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Phylogenetic Relationships and Biogeography of True Porpoises (Mammalia: Phocoenidae) Based on Morphological Data

Fajardo‐Mellor¹,

Berta²,

Brownell

et al. 2006

Marine Mammal Science

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Prior studies of phylogenetic relationships among phocoenids based on morphology and molecular sequence data conflict and yield unresolved relationships among species. This study evaluates a comprehensive set of cranial, postcranial, and soft anatomical characters to infer interrelationships among extant species and several well‐known fossil phocoenids, using two different methods to analyze polymorphic data: polymorphic coding and frequency step matrix. Our phylogenetic results confirmed phocoenid monophyly. The division of Phocoenidae into two subfamilies previously proposed was rejected, as well as the alliance of the two extinct genera Salumiphocaena and Piscolithax with Phocoena dioptrica and Phocoenoides dalli. Extinct phocoenids are basal to all extant species. We also examined the origin and distribution of porpoises within the context of this phylogenetic framework. Phocoenid phylogeny together with available geologic evidence suggests that the early history of phocoenids was centered in the North Pacific during the middle Miocene, with subsequent dispersal into the southern hemisphere in the middle Pliocene. A cooling period in the Pleistocene allowed dispersal of the southern ancestor of Phocoena sinus into the North Pacific (Gulf of California).

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“…Here, we take advantage of the large spatial extent of the Peruvian driftnet fleet (described in Alfaro-Shigueto et al, 2010;Mangel et al, 2010), to examine the distribution and habitat use of small cetaceans off northern Peru. We focus on the little-known Burmeister's porpoise Phocoena spinipinnis, a predominantly coastal Phocoenid endemic to South America, with a range spanning from northern Peru to southern Chile in the Pacific and from Tierra del Fuego, Argentina to southern Brazil in the Atlantic (Brownell and Praderi, 1984;Goodall et al, 1995a). While it is unclear whether it has a continuous distribution throughout its range due to a lack of survey effort (Brownell and Clapham, 1999), the Peruvian population appears to be genetically differentiated from populations in Chilean and Argentine waters (Rosa et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution and Habitat Use of a Cryptic Small Cetacean, the Burmeister's Porpoise, Monitored From a Small-Scale Fishery Platform

et al. 2018

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There is widespread evidence that small-scale fisheries (SSF) bycatch threatens many populations of small cetaceans, yet conservation efforts are often limited by a lack of basic knowledge regarding their abundance, distribution, and habitat use. Here, we used passive acoustic monitoring from an SSF platform-of-opportunity to better characterize the distribution and habitat use of small cetaceans in northern Peru, focussing on the little-known Burmeister's porpoise Phocoena spinipinnis. From 2009 to 2012, acoustic click detectors (C-PODs) were attached to fishing nets for the duration of 116 fishing sets (30 fishing trips). Dolphins (unspecified delphinids) and porpoises were recorded around 71 and 22% of fishing sets, respectively. The probability of occurrence and buzzing behavior (a proxy for foraging), and time spent, were linked to both static and dynamic environmental variables to examine the drivers of habitat use. Dolphin activity was spread evenly throughout the fishing area and was not linked to any habitat variables. In contrast, porpoises were detected in neritic waters, and habitat models performed well, identifying preferences for shallow (<200 m depth) and cooler (17-18 • C) waters, close (<50 km) to shore. The high bycatch rate of small cetaceans in Peruvian SSF gave us the unique opportunity to investigate the link between bycatch and cetacean activity around vessels. We found a positive relationship between the likelihood of a bycatch event and acoustic presence for both dolphins and porpoises, however as we did not know the timing of entanglement, we could not link vocalization rates to mortality events. Nonetheless, as small cetaceans (particularly dolphins) frequently encounter fishing boats, the likelihood of entanglements may be reduced through effective efforts to alert animals to the presence of the net, either acoustically (using acoustic alarms) or visually. This study demonstrates that passive acoustic monitoring from a fisheries platform can provide insights into the distribution and habitat use of small cetaceans at relatively low cost, and is likely to be suitable in regions with low monitoring effort and high fishing pressure.

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Phocoena spinipinnis

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

EXTERNAL MORPHOLOGY AND PIGMENTATION OF THE VAQUITA, PHOCOENA SINUS (CETACEA: MAMMALIA)

EXTERNAL MORPHOLOGY AND PIGMENTATION OF THE VAQUITA, PHOCOENA SINUS (CETACEA: MAMMALIA)

The Phylogenetic Relationships and Biogeography of True Porpoises (Mammalia: Phocoenidae) Based on Morphological Data

Distribution and Habitat Use of a Cryptic Small Cetacean, the Burmeister's Porpoise, Monitored From a Small-Scale Fishery Platform

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