Phonological development of Danish-speaking children: A normative cross-sectional study

Abstract

Detailed knowledge about speech development in children acquiring different languages provides important information from a clinical and a theoretical perspective: First, it provides a baseline for the evaluation of whether a child shows typical, delayed or deviant speech development. Further, differences in speech development across languages can help to understand how the phonological systems of ambient languages affects children's speech acquisition. To date, little is known about Danish. It was suggested, however, that the acquisition process might be slower for Danish-speaking children due to the "blurry" sound structure of Danish. The aim of the current study was, therefore, to investigate typical speech development in 443 Danish-speaking children, i.e. types and age of occurrence of children's phonological processes as well as on the acquisition of phones and clusters. The results showed that Danish-speaking children, in contrast to the expectations, were not delayed but advanced compared to children acquiring other languages.

The Psychometric Evaluation of a Speech Production Test Battery for Children: The Reliability and Validity of the Computer Articulation Instrument

“…Interrater reliability and test-retest reliability were determined based on the data sets of subgroups of the total sample. Initially, it was our goal to use 10% of the normative data for these reliability evaluations, compared to other normative studies (Clausen & Fox-Boyer, 2017;Dodd, Holm, Hua, & Crosbie, 2003;Gangji, Pascoe, & Smouse, 2015). However, because of its big volume, we were only able to do so for 4.72%-7.02% of the data.…”

Hljóðþróun íslenskra barna á aldrinum tveggja til átta ára

“…Hljóðferlagreining er líklega mest notaða aðferðin til að greina gögn nú á dögum, jafnt barna með daemigerða málhljóðatileinkun sem og þeirra er glíma við hvers kyns málhljóðaröskun (t.d. Anna Lísa Benediktsdóttir, 2018;Clausen og Fox-Boyer, 2017;Maphalala o.f l., 2014).…”

“…Þessi mörk hafa gjarnan verið kölluð 75% tileinkunarmörk en þau meðaltalsmörk eru oftast notuð til að ákvarða hvort viðkomandi hljóð sé meðal málhljóða sem barnið hefur tileinkað sér (sjá t.d. Beers, 1995;Clausen og Fox-Boyer, 2017;Fox, 2000). Eftir er að skera úr um tileinkun sjaldgaefari hljóða málsins, þ.e.…”

“…Dodd o.f l., 2003;Kenny og Prather, 1986;Smit, Hand, Freilinger, Bernthal og Bird, 1990; To o.f l., 2013) en í öðrum rannsóknum hefur enginn marktaekur munur fundist (t.d. Clausen og Fox-Boyer, 2017;Fox, 2006;Maphalala o.f l., 2014). Í rannsókn Indriða o.f l. (1986) kom ekki fram marktaekur kynjamunur í samanlögðum þáttum, þ.e.…”

“…Þótt öll börn velji ekki nákvaemlega sömu leiðina í tileinkun málhljóða er ljóst að þau fara svipaða leið í hljóðanáminu, óháð því hvaða tungumál þau tala (sjá t.d. Beers, 1995Clausen og Fox-Boyer, 2017Maphalala, Pascoe og Smouse, 2014;Stokes, Klee, Carson og Carson, 2005;To, Cheung og McLeod, 2013;Zhu, 2002). Hljóðkerfi tungumála eru hins vegar frábrugðin hvert öðru og misjafnt hverju börn standa frammi fyrir í upphafi máltökunnar (sjá t.d.…”