Phosphate laser glasses (review)

Kravchenko, V. B.; Rudnitskii, Yu. P.

doi:10.1070/qe1979v009n04abeh008899

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The maxima and minima of the overall PCA components represent the average R/R′···O separations, so those for the highest Er or Ce content, with peaks centered at 2.20 Å (Figure , left) and ∼2.45 Å (Figure , right), respectively, provide close approximations for the Er···O and Ce···O separations in singly doped REPGs. This deduction could of course be reached by chemical intuition, as has been done previously via data analysis of the experimental data . However, the finding that PCA offers an automated way to reach this result is a key step in this study, as it demonstrates its prospective use in automated data mining of PDFs.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…REPGs exhibit optical properties that promise potential applications in optical fiber technology − and as laser-head materials. − Their optical properties are directly correlated to their atomic structure, which has been characterized by a range of methods, such as X-ray and neutron diffraction, − EXAFS, , XANES, solid-state NMR, , and Fourier transform IR . The data thus obtained have provided basic structural parameters for the glass network, such as ionic separations, coordination numbers, and Debye–Waller factors associated with various atomic pairwise correlations, especially R···O, R···P, R···R, and P···O (R = lanthanide).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling Pair Distribution Functions of Rare-Earth Phosphate Glasses Using Principal Component Analysis

2016

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The use of principal component analysis (PCA) to statistically infer features of local structure from experimental pair distribution function (PDF) data is assessed on a case study of rare-earth phosphate glasses (REPGs). Such glasses, codoped with two rare-earth ions (R and R') of different sizes and optical properties, are of interest to the laser industry. The determination of structure-property relationships in these materials is an important aspect of their technological development. Yet, realizing the local structure of codoped REPGs presents significant challenges relative to their singly doped counterparts; specifically, R and R' are difficult to distinguish in terms of establishing relative material compositions, identifying atomic pairwise correlation profiles in a PDF that are associated with each ion, and resolving peak overlap of such profiles in PDFs. This study demonstrates that PCA can be employed to help overcome these structural complications, by statistically inferring trends in PDFs that exist for a restricted set of experimental data on REPGs, and using these as training data to predict material compositions and PDF profiles in unknown codoped REPGs. The application of these PCA methods to resolve individual atomic pairwise correlations in t(r) signatures is also presented. The training methods developed for these structural predictions are prevalidated by testing their ability to reproduce known physical phenomena, such as the lanthanide contraction, on PDF signatures of the structurally simpler singly doped REPGs. The intrinsic limitations of applying PCA to analyze PDFs relative to the quality control of source data, data processing, and sample definition, are also considered. While this case study is limited to lanthanide-doped REPGs, this type of statistical inference may easily be extended to other inorganic solid-state materials and be exploited in large-scale data-mining efforts that probe many t(r) functions.

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Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Pair Distribution Functions of Rare-Earth Phosphate Glasses Using Principal Component Analysis

2016

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“…The inhomogeneous width of the neodymium laser transition is about Av inh ^ 200 cm" 1 (FWHM , Table I), while the homogeneous width is approximately 20 cm" 1 [32], [34], [35], [37], [39]. A refilling of the hole within the duration of the pulse train does not take place since the cross-relaxation time T 3 is in the 10" 5 -10" 4 s region.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The spectral development along the pulse train may be explained by taking into account the spectral hole burning in the inhomogeneously broadened active medium [31]- [39] in addition to self-phase modulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectral development of picosecond pulses of mode-locked Nd-glass lasers

Penzkofer

Weinhardt

1983

IEEE J. Quantum Electron.

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“…[4][5][6] In recent years a considerable research effort has been focused on the preparation and properties of alkali rare earth phosphate glasses due to their possible application as materials for solid state lasers and scintillators. The Er 3+ doped Yb phosphate glasses are actually considered as the best matrix for Yb sensitized Er glass laser.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Er-doped ortho- and metha-phosphate glassy mixtures for 1.54 μm laser construction

et al. 2014

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The goal of our work was preparation and investigation of Er-doped potassium ytterbium lanthanum orthoand metha-phosphate glassy mixtures developed as a solid-state laser active medium. The tested samples were prepared by rapid quenching of molten mixture of starting K 2 CO 3 , YbPO 4 , LaPO 4 , YbPO 4 and P 2 O 5 . Their cations molar concentration was as follows n(K) = 0.7, n(Yb) = 0.135, n(La) = 0.16 and n(Er) = 0.005 and it was the same in all tested samples. The additions of the P 2 O 5 to the individual starting charges were batched so the following compositions of resulting glasses should be obtained: (i) pure meta-phosphate, (ii) mixture of 80 mol% of meta-phosphate and 20 mol% of ortho-phosphate, (iii) mixture of 50 mol% of meta-phosphate and 50 mol% of ortho-phosphate, (iv) mixture of 25 mol% of meta-phosphate and 75 mol% of ortho-phosphate, and (v) pure ortho-phosphate. The glassy samples were prepared in the form of discs about 8 mm in diameter and 2 mm in height. The absorption spectra were measured in broad range from 200 up to 2500 nm to identify possible impurities, mainly the residual OH-absorption and to calculate absorption cross-section for pumping and laser transition 4 I 15/2 → 4 I 11/2 and 4 I 13/2 → 4 I 15/2 , respectively. For particular transitions fluorescence spectra and fluorescence decay time were recorded simultaneously. It was found that the fluorescence decay time, corresponding to upper laser level 4 I 13/2 depopulation, progressively increases with the content of orthophosphate in glass composition starting from 2 ms for sample (i) up to 8 ms for sample (iv). The laser action at 1.54 μm under 975 nm pulsed laser diode pumping was successfully demonstrated using the sample with the longest upper laser level lifetime.

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Phosphate laser glasses (review)

Cited by 14 publications

References 14 publications

Modeling Pair Distribution Functions of Rare-Earth Phosphate Glasses Using Principal Component Analysis

Modeling Pair Distribution Functions of Rare-Earth Phosphate Glasses Using Principal Component Analysis

Spectral development of picosecond pulses of mode-locked Nd-glass lasers

Er-doped ortho- and metha-phosphate glassy mixtures for 1.54 μm laser construction

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