Phosphate regulation of gene expression in Vibrio parahaemolyticus

McCarter, Linda L.; Silverman, Melvin

doi:10.1128/jb.169.8.3441-3449.1987

Cited by 54 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The V. cholerae homologue is approximately the same molecular mass and is associated with peptidoglycan (data not shown), a property of proteins that form channels in the outer membrane (Nikaido, 1983). A major outer-membrane protein of 33n9 kDa with similar characteristics was identified in Vibrio parahaemolyticus also grown under limiting-phosphate conditions (McCarter & Silverman, 1987). As no function has been assigned to the majority of proteins differentially expressed in the parental strain under lowphosphate conditions, further work is necessary in order to characterize the V. cholerae Pho regulon.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…In P. aeruginosa the phosphateregulated haemolytic phospholipase C has been shown to be involved in colonization (Ostroff et al, 1989). Vibrios also produce phospholipases, some of which are induced in phosphate-deficient conditions ; however, no involvement of such proteins with pathogenesis has been reported (McCarter & Silverman, 1987 ;Fiore et al, 1997). The addition of phosphate at a high concentration to the inoculation medium recovered partially the ability of the mutants to colonize the rabbit small intestine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A role for the PhoBR regulatory system homologue in the Vibrio cholerae phosphate-limitation response and intestinal colonization The GenBank accession number for the sequence reported in this paper is AF043352.

1999

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To survive and multiply in different environments, Vibrio cholerae has to coordinately regulate the expression of genes involved in adaptive responses. In many pathogens, adaptive responses, including pathogenic responses, are regulated by two-component regulator (TCR) systems. It is likely that members of a TCR family play a role in the regulation of processes involved in intestinal colonization, and therefore pathogenesis, in V. cholerae. We have identified and characterized a TCR system of V. cholerae : this system is a homologue of Escherichia coli PhoBR. The presence of a putative Pho box suggests that the V. cholerae phoBR operon is regulated by inorganic phosphate levels. The phoR and phoB genes are organized the same way as in E. coli. Mutation of the V. cholerae phoB gene affected the expression of the putative Pho regulon, including PhoA, but did not affect the production of cholera toxin. V. cholerae phoB mutants are less able to colonize rabbit intestine than wild-type V. cholerae. The addition of inorganic phosphate at a high concentration to the inoculum only partially restored the ability of the mutants to colonize the intestine, suggesting that the V. cholerae Pho regulon in vivo may not be regulated by inorganic phosphate levels alone.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A role for the PhoBR regulatory system homologue in the Vibrio cholerae phosphate-limitation response and intestinal colonization The GenBank accession number for the sequence reported in this paper is AF043352.

1999

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“…Transposon mutagenesis with mini-Mu lac (Tet r ) and the strategy for cloning the targeted gene have been described previously (58). The V. parahaemolyticus cosmid library was prepared by using the pLAFRII vector (40). Chromosomal DNA was prepared according to the protocol of Woo et al (64).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Immunoblot analysis. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was conducted as described previously (40). Resolving gels contained 12% acrylamide.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have shown previously that plate-grown cells are starved for iron (41). To examine whether the environmental signal controlling flaC expression might be the result of iron starvation or some other nutrient condition, RNA was prepared from the wild-type cells that were grown in 2216 marine broth, which is growth limiting for phosphate and iron (40,41). No flaC-dependent primer extension product was observed under this condition, although a flaB-dependent transcript could be detected (lane 7 versus lane 10).…”

Section: Vol 182 2000mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of the Polar Flagellar Gene System of Vibrio parahaemolyticus

2000

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Vibrio parahaemolyticus has dual flagellar systems adapted for locomotion under different circumstances. A single, sheathed polar flagellum propels the swimmer cell in liquid environments. Numerous unsheathed lateral flagella move the swarmer cell over surfaces. The polar flagellum is produced continuously, whereas the synthesis of lateral flagella is induced under conditions that impede the function of the polar flagellum, e.g., in viscous environments or on surfaces. Thus, the organism possesses two large gene networks that orchestrate polar and lateral flagellar gene expression and assembly. In addition, the polar flagellum functions as a mechanosensor controlling lateral gene expression. In order to gain insight into the genetic circuitry controlling motility and surface sensing, we have sought to define the polar flagellar gene system. The hierarchy of regulation appears to be different from the polar system of Caulobacter crescentus or the peritrichous system of enteric bacteria but is pertinent to many Vibrio and Pseudomonas species. The gene identity and organization of 60 potential flagellar and chemotaxis genes are described. Conserved sequences are defined for two classes of polar flagellar promoters. Phenotypic and genotypic analysis of mutant strains with defects in swimming motility coupled with primer extension analysis of flagellar and chemotaxis transcription provides insight into the polar flagellar organelle, its assembly, and regulation of gene expression.Many bacterial species are motile by means of flagellar propulsion (reviewed in references 5, 32, and 33). Powered by a rotary motor, the flagellum acts as semirigid helical propeller, which is attached via a flexible coupling, known as the hook, to the basal body. The basal body consists of rings and rods that penetrate the membrane and peptidoglycan layers. Associating with the basal body and projecting into the cytoplasm is a structure termed the C ring, which contains the switch proteins and acts as the core, or rotating part, of the motor. Maintenance of a flagellar motility system is a sizable investment with respect to cellular economy in terms of the number of genes and the energy that must be committed to gene expression, protein synthesis, and flagellar rotation. As a result, flagellar systems are highly regulated. A hierarchy of regulation has been elucidated for peritrichously flagellated Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (26,27,30). This scheme of control couples gene expression to assembly of the organelle. The pyramid of expression possesses three classes, or tiers, of genes. Genes in each class must be functional in order for expression of the subsequent class to occur. Class 1 genes, flhD and flhC, encode the master transcriptional activators of class 2 flagellar gene expression. The flhDC operon is controlled by a 70 promoter and a number of global regulatory factors (28). The majority of the class 2 flagellar genes encode components of the flagellar export system and the basal body (21). One clas...

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