Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria improve the phytoremediation efficiency of Wedelia trilobata for Cu-contaminated soil

Abstract

In a controlled experiment, we assessed the effect of phosphate-solubilizing bacterium (PSB) on the soil metal (Cu) phytoremediation by Wedelia trilobata and examined the effect of the interaction of Cu contamination and PSB on the growth of W. trilobata. We also explored the effect of the interaction of Cu contamination and PSB on the soil microflora. The results showed that the removal efficiency of Cu from soil by W. trilobata increased with an increase in the concentration of PSB, and the translocation factors of Cu (i.e., leaf:root and stem:root) were both significantly upregulated by PSB. The PSB significantly promoted the growth of W. trilobata; however, the effect of the Cu-PSB interaction on the leaf net photosynthetic rate (Pn) of W. trilobata was not significant, whereas copper contamination had a significant negative influence on the soil microflora, PSB had a significant positive influence on the soil microflora. Thus, PSB improved the phytoremediation efficiency of W. trilobata in Cu-contaminated soil because of the positive influence on the soil microflora, improving soil quality, which then increased the growth of W. trilobata in Cu-contaminated soil. The vigorous growth of W. trlobata led to higher of Cu absorption and translocation from soil as the ultimate result.

Effect of copper on the photosynthesis and growth of Eichhornia crassipes

“…Soil Cu 2+ contamination is not conducive to the generation of plant biomass (Lin & Jin 2018; Lin et al . 2018). In the present study, the fresh weight of E. crassipes decreased with rising Cu 2+ concentration (Table 1).…”

“…These results are similar to previous studies (Lin & Jin 2018; Lin et al . 2018). E. crassipes has tolerance to some other metals (Ghabbour et al .…”

Determination of Heavy Metal Content in Plants Rhizosphere Grown Under Organic Agriculture

“…We have also found increased concentration of copper in soil sample 1 (Gložani, tomato) indicating the use of this fungicide, which is also used in organic agriculture. It is known that long-term use of Bordeaux broth has caused an increase in the concentration of copper in the soil in many parts of the world (Lin et al, 2018). It is of high importance to examine Cu concentration in plant rhizosphere as high concentrations can lead to the reduction of plant biomass, inhibition of root growth, chlorosis, bronzing and necrosis which arise due to oxidative stress and creation of reactive oxygen species.…”

“…Kako je jedan od glavnih problema potrošača širom sveta sigurnost hrane, organska poljoprivreda je sistem za njeno očuvanje koji se zadnjih godina promoviše. 1 orcid.org/ 0000-0003-1404-4015, e-mail: gordana.racic84@gmail.com 2 orcid.org/ 0000-0003-2686-0343, e-mail: igorvuk88@gmail.com 3 orcid.org/ 0000-0002-0321-5213, e-mail: danka.radic81@gmail.com 4 orcid.org/ 0000-0002-5767-8221, e-mail: mimatopic@gmail.com 5 orcid.org/ 0000-0002-2278-1077, e-mail: sreckovzorana@yahoo.com 6 orcid.org/0000-0002-7293-7885, e-mail: jovainko@gmail.com 7 orcid.org/0000-0001-9342-1282, e-mail: dejanapankovic62@gmail.com INTRODUCTION Heavy metals are present in the environment in excess mostly due to anthropogenic factors, such as intensive industrialization, use of agrochemicals in agriculture or improper waste management. In soil they are present in different states: exchangeable, residual, organic or iron/manganase organic state (Kumar et al, 2020).…”

Inoculation With Indigenous Rhizosphere Microbes Enhances Aboveground Accumulation of Lead in Salix integra Thunb. by Improving Transport Coefficients

“…Microbes such as plant-growth-promoting bacteria ( Guo et al, 2020 ; Wu et al, 2020a ), endophytes ( Santoyo et al, 2016 ; Wood et al, 2016 ; Ma et al, 2017 ; Wang et al, 2020 ), and ectomycorrhiza ( Coninx et al, 2017 ; Szuba et al, 2017 ) can increase the phytoremediation of heavy metals in contaminated soil ( Ma et al, 2016 ; Santoyo et al, 2016 ; Wood et al, 2016 ). Possible mechanisms include stimulation of plant growth through biosynthesis of phytohormones and increasing plant chlorophyll content ( Babu et al, 2015 ; Gang et al, 2018 ), promoting the nutrient cycle through production of siderophores, nitrogen fixation, and solubilization of phosphorus ( Ma et al, 2017 ; Lin et al, 2018 ; Wang L. et al, 2018 ; Wang Q. et al, 2018 ), and promoting heavy-metal tolerance and the expression of some metal-transporter genes in inoculated plants ( Chen et al, 2014 ; Pan et al, 2016 , 2017 ). The effects of co-inoculation with different microorganisms have been examined in recent years ( Kumar et al, 2017 ; Haro et al, 2018 ; Jian et al, 2019 ).…”