Phosphatidylcholine restores neuronal plasticity of neural stem cells under inflammatory stress

Abstract

The balances between NSCs growth and differentiation, and between glial and neuronal differentiation play a key role in brain regeneration after any pathological conditions. It is well known that the nervous tissue shows a poor recovery after injury due to the factors present in the wounded microenvironment, particularly inflammatory factors, that prevent neuronal differentiation. Thus, it is essential to generate a favourable condition for NSCs and conduct them to differentiate towards functional neurons. Here, we show that neuroinflammation has no effect on NSCs proliferation but induces an aberrant neuronal differentiation that gives rise to dystrophic, non-functional neurons. This is perhaps the initial step of brain failure associated to many neurological disorders. Interestingly, we demonstrate that phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho)-enriched media enhances neuronal differentiation even under inflammatory stress by modifying the commitment of post-mitotic cells. The pro-neurogenic effect of PtdCho increases the population of healthy normal neurons. In addition, we provide evidences that this phospholipid ameliorates the damage of neurons and, in consequence, modulates neuronal plasticity. These results contribute to our understanding of NSCs behaviour under inflammatory conditions, opening up new venues to improve neurogenic capacity in the brain.

Brain regions show different metabolic and protein arginine methylation phenotypes in frontotemporal dementias and Alzheimer’s disease

“…Notably, phosphorylcholine has been identified as a marker of oxidative stress and is a potent driver of neurodegeneration (Dong et al, 2021). We suspect that the rise in phosphatidylcholine in the brain region may be due to the damage to neurons and inflammatory conditions (Magaquian et al, 2021). Glycerophosphocholine is elevated in the CSF and blood of AD patients (Jia et al, 2021;Walter et al, 2004).…”

Tryptophan-5-HT pathway disorder was uncovered in the olfactory bulb of a depression mice model by metabolomic analysis

“…PC supplementation efficiently reversed the disorder of hippocampal neurogenesis by inhibiting circulating TNF-α levels (Tokés et al, 2011 ). The neuroplasticity of neural stem cells was damaged by inflammatory stress and could be restored by PC (Magaquian et al, 2021 ). The neurogenesis of the olfactory bulb was reduced (Yang et al, 2011a ).…”

Mejoramiento del rendimiento cognitivo y plasticidad post lesional durante el tratamiento ambulatorio intensivo por trastorno por uso de sustancias. Reporte de caso

“…Estas mejoras se vieron en un espacio de dos años de tratamiento. Esto coincide con los largos periodos de tiempo de recuperación de una lesión cerebral a causa de factores neurodegenerativos e inflamatorios por diferentes mecanismos de plasticidad post lesional (Magaquian et al, 2021;Lorenzo Martínez, 2021;Garces-Viera & Suarez-Escudero, 2014). Las evidencias de otros casos de DCL muestran que el reemplazo de las neuronas dañadas depende de células madres neuronales, sumamente escasas en el cerebro adulto (Belén & Garzón, 2021).…”

“…Las evidencias de otros casos de DCL muestran que el reemplazo de las neuronas dañadas depende de células madres neuronales, sumamente escasas en el cerebro adulto (Belén & Garzón, 2021). Sin embargo, hay evidencias de factores que pueden revertir el proceso (Magaquian et al, 2021, Kauer & Malenka, 2007 y mecanismos de neuroplasticidad en terapias de neurorehabilitación, objetivables por SPECT (López Roa, 2012).…”