Phosphatidylinositol (4,5)Bisphosphate Inhibits K+-Efflux Channel Activity in NT1 Tobacco Cultured Cells

Ma, Xiaojing; Shor, Oded; Diminshtein, Sofia; Yu, Ling; Im, Young Jun; Perera, Imara Y.; Lomax, Aaron; Boss, Wendy F.; Moran, Nava

doi:10.1104/pp.108.129007

Cited by 34 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…When the outward rectifying K + channel (NtORK) activity was monitored using protoplasts in the whole-cell patch-clamp configuration, the InsP 5-ptase-expressing tobacco cells had an elevated NtORK channel activity (Ma et al, 2009). The change in channel activity is consistent with increased drought tolerance (Perera et al, 2008).…”

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confidence: 61%

Basal Signaling Regulates Plant Growth and Development

Boss

Sederoff

et al. 2010

Plant Physiology

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The term signal transduction refers to the classical paradigm where an external stimulus is sensed and initiates an increase in second messengers. Each second messenger transmits and amplifies the signal by activating a subset of downstream pathways. This complex network of interwoven downstream events ultimately converges to produce measurable responses. While the paradigms for signal transduction are well known, little consideration has been given to the second messengers in the nonstimulated cell, the basal signal, and yet, basal signals also impact plant growth and development.Basal signals are low levels of oscillating second messengers that are being sensed by the cell. These are difficult to measure and are often considered to be background noise. Not surprisingly, there is a dearth of knowledge about how plants respond to this constant flux of signaling metabolites or about how basal signals define homeostasis or contribute to species diversity. Both genetics and environment will define the basal signal of a cell. To truly understand how plants regulate growth and development, future research must focus on understanding how basal signals regulate fundamental metabolism.Our hypothesis is that in a nonstimulated cell, a low level of basal signal will constitutively repress some downstream events and stimulate others. If this is true, then lowering the basal level of a second messenger should derepress or enhance those downstream events specifically targeted by this second messenger, while events that depend on the basal level of second messenger will not be activated (Fig. 1).Monitoring rapid, transient changes in second messengers within stimulated cells is challenge enough. The problem is amplified when trying to measure rapidly oscillating basal signals. There are methods for monitoring external oscillations of ions and metabolites using vibrating probes (Jaffe and Nuccitelli, 1974; Shabala et al., 1997) and recently developed, self-referencing biosensors (Porterfield, 2007;McLamore et al., 2010), respectively. Similar technical advances are needed for studying fluxes within cells. In vivo fluorescent reporters can indicate changes in stimulus-induced oscillations within single cells (Monshausen et al., 2008(Monshausen et al., , 2009); however, the fluorophores, by necessity, are selected to report signals above the background noise so that the basal signals of a nonstimulated cell are often below the limits of detection. Furthermore, the basal levels of second messengers are usually at or below the limits of detection for metabolomic analyses, and metabolic fluxes are difficult to assess with metabolomics (Fernie et al., 2005).Alternative approaches are needed to assess the impact of basal signals. In principle, if one lowered a basal signal, downstream events regulated by the second messenger in the nonstimulated cell would be revealed. Because basal signals are inherently a part of normal metabolism, it is difficult to lower basal signals; however, there are several examples where expression of gen...

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confidence: 61%

Basal Signaling Regulates Plant Growth and Development

Boss

Sederoff

et al. 2010

Plant Physiology

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“…2007). Using similar experiments, PtdIns(4,5)P 2 has been found to inhibit K + ‐efflux (outward‐rectifying) channels (Liu, Li & Luan 2005; Ma et al. 2009).…”

Section: D4‐ppi Metabolism and Water‐stress Relationsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Osmotic stress‐induced phosphoinositide and inositol phosphate signalling in plants

Munnik

Vermeer

2010

Plant Cell & Environment

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“…PtdIns(4,5)P 2 has been reported to have multiple roles in ABAinduced stomatal closing (Lee et al, 1996;Jacob et al, 1999;Ma et al, 2009). PtdIns(4,5)P 2 is hydrolyzed by phospholipase C and activates phospholipase D, producing second messengers inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate and phosphatidic acid, respectively.…”

Section: How Does Vacuolar Acidification Contribute To Stomatal Closure?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Structural Changes and Acidification of Guard Cell Vacuoles during Stomatal Closure Require Phosphatidylinositol 3,5-Bisphosphate

et al. 2013

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Rapid stomatal closure is essential for water conservation in plants and is thus critical for survival under water deficiency. To close stomata rapidly, guard cells reduce their volume by converting a large central vacuole into a highly convoluted structure. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this change are poorly understood. In this study, we used pHindicator dyes to demonstrate that vacuolar convolution is accompanied by acidification of the vacuole in fava bean (Vicia faba) guard cells during abscisic acid (ABA)-induced stomatal closure. Vacuolar acidification is necessary for the rapid stomatal closure induced by ABA, since a double mutant of the vacuolar H + -ATPase vha-a2 vha-a3 and vacuolar H + -PPase mutant vhp1 showed delayed stomatal closure. Furthermore, we provide evidence for the critical role of phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate [PtdIns(3,5)P 2 ] in changes in pH and morphology of the vacuole. Single and double Arabidopsis thaliana null mutants of phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate 5-kinases (PI3P5Ks) exhibited slow stomatal closure upon ABA treatment compared with the wild type. Moreover, an inhibitor of PI3P5K reduced vacuolar acidification and convolution and delayed stomatal closure in response to ABA. Taken together, these results suggest that rapid ABA-induced stomatal closure requires PtdIns(3,5)P 2 , which is essential for vacuolar acidification and convolution.

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Phosphatidylinositol (4,5)Bisphosphate Inhibits K+-Efflux Channel Activity in NT1 Tobacco Cultured Cells

Cited by 34 publications

References 83 publications

Basal Signaling Regulates Plant Growth and Development

Basal Signaling Regulates Plant Growth and Development

Osmotic stress‐induced phosphoinositide and inositol phosphate signalling in plants

Rapid Structural Changes and Acidification of Guard Cell Vacuoles during Stomatal Closure Require Phosphatidylinositol 3,5-Bisphosphate

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