Phospholipid Composition and Phospholipase Activity of Euglena

Fujita, Takashi; Matsuda, Hisashi; Sato, Takayoshi; Iwasaki, Taisuke; Takafuji, Shin-ichi

doi:10.5650/jos1956.44.197

Cited by 2 publications

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“…Since some pigments are associated with certain organelles, these can be specifically visualized with fluorescence and Raman microspectroscopies, as shown for example for the proplastids (Figure ). Distribution of autofluorescing organelles and ratios of autofluorescence intensities, as well as abundances of some cellular components (e.g., β-carotene) are indicative of the position of the cell within the cell cycle or can reflect physiological states of the cells resulting from their responses to the environmental stimuli . We believe that cells 1 and 2 are in an intermediate state between proplastid decomposition and buildup of photosynthetically competent chloroplasts, since both the emission from photosystem II and weak proplastid fluorescence are observable (Figure ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Distribution of autofluorescing organelles and ratios of autofluorescence intensities, 17 as well as abundances of some cellular components (e.g., β-carotene) 33 are indicative of the position of the cell within the cell cycle or can reflect physiological states of the cells resulting from their responses to the environmental stimuli. 34 We believe that cells 1 and 2 are in an intermediate state between proplastid decomposition and buildup of photosynthetically competent chloroplasts, since both the emission from photosystem II and weak proplastid fluorescence are observable (Figure 1). Overall, it is feasible to correlate the position of the cell in the cell cycle (derived from carotenoid content) with the efficiency of the photosynthetic apparatus (reflected in fluorescence data) as well as the abundance of phospholipids (reflected in the MS data).…”

Section: Analytical Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 96%

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Multidimensional Analysis of Single Algal Cells by Integrating Microspectroscopy with Mass Spectrometry

et al. 2011

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We demonstrate a facile label-free approach for performing multidimensional chemical analysis on individual single-cell organisms by combining optical, fluorescence, and Raman microspectroscopy with matrix-free laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MS). Single unicellular algae are seeded on a bare stainless steel plate and analyzed microspectroscopically. This provides information on the content and distribution of photoactive species, such as β-carotene, as well as chlorophyll and other components of the photosynthetic apparatus. Exactly the same cells are then analyzed by mass spectrometry in the negative ion mode. Phospholipid species are readily ionized by laser desorption/ionization of intact cells, without the need for an auxiliary matrix. This not only facilitates sample preparation but also preserves high spatial resolution and high sensitivity. Using this method, we were able to study the content and arrangement of proplastids and photosystem components, as well as the amounts of various phospholipid species in individual algal cells. The methodology can be used in the fundamental biological studies on these unicellular organisms, which require information on the internal structure as well as the chemical composition of individual cells.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Analytical Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 96%

Multidimensional Analysis of Single Algal Cells by Integrating Microspectroscopy with Mass Spectrometry

et al. 2011

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Alterations of Membrane Lipid Content Correlated With Chloroplast and Mitochondria Development in Euglena gracilis

et al. 2018

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Euglenoids are unique protists that can grow photoautotrophically, photomixotrophically, and heterotrophically. Here we grew Euglena gracilis under these different growth conditions and determined cellular contents of seven membrane lipids and one storage lipid (triacylglycerol), which account for more than 94 mol% of total membrane lipids. We also describe the relationship among chloroplast and mitochondria developments with lipid contents, protein contents, and oxygen evolution/consumption rates. In photoautotrophic growth conditions, E. gracilis cells accumulated chlorophyll, photosynthetic proteins, and glycolipids typical to thylakoid membranes. The same occurred for the cells grown under photomixotrophic conditions with higher respiration rates. In heterotrophic conditions, E. gracilis cells had higher respiration rates compared to cells grown in other conditions with the accumulation of pyruvate: NADP+ oxidoreductase, a mitochondrial protein and phospholipid common in mitochondria. Cells were also observed using a confocal laser scanning microscope and found to show more chlorophyll autofluorescence when grown photoautotrophically and photomixotrophycally, and fluorescence of MitoTracker when grown photomixotrophically and heterotrophically. These results suggest that under illumination, E. gracilis develops functional thylakoid membranes with membrane lipids and proteins for photosynthesis. In the medium with glucose, the cells develop mitochondria with phospholipids and proteins for respiration. Possible application based on lipid analysis for the enhancement of wax ester or alkene synthesis is discussed.

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Phospholipid Composition and Phospholipase Activity of Euglena

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Multidimensional Analysis of Single Algal Cells by Integrating Microspectroscopy with Mass Spectrometry

Multidimensional Analysis of Single Algal Cells by Integrating Microspectroscopy with Mass Spectrometry

Alterations of Membrane Lipid Content Correlated With Chloroplast and Mitochondria Development in Euglena gracilis

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