Phospholipid fatty acids in cord blood: family history and development of allergy

Yu, Guo; Kjellman, N.‐I. M.; Björkstén, Bengt

doi:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1996.tb14124.x

Cited by 52 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Higher proportions of long-chain n-3 PUFA were found in umbilical cord serum phospholipids of nonallergic compared with allergic mothers. Also, a higher n-3 PUFA concentration in breast milk was associated with a decreased likelihood of atopy in the infant (Yu et al, 1996;Duchen et al, 1998). Moreover, proportions of DHA and total n-3 long-chain PUFA in serum phospholipids of school children were higher among nonatopic controls than among children with atopy .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Allergic sensitisation and allergic rhinitis are associated with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the diet and in red blood cell membranes

et al. 2005

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Objective: Due to inconsistent results based on dietary intake data, unsaturated fatty acids in red blood cell (RBC) membranes and diet were used to investigate their association with allergic sensitisation and allergic rhinitis. Design: Cross-sectional, population-based study. Setting: Bavarian Nutrition Survey II (2002-03), Germany. Subjects: A total of 568 adult participants, 325 women and 243 men. Methods: By means of logistic regression models, the relation of fatty acids to (i) allergic sensitisation as defined by means of specific serum immunoglobulin E analysis (CAPSX1 class Z2), and (ii) self-reported allergic rhinitis was examined. Results: A high cell membrane level of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5 n-3) was inversely associated with allergic sensitisation, the adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were 0.52 (0.30-0.90) for the highest (vs lowest) quartile. A similar effect was observed for allergic rhinitis with an OR (95% CI) of 0.50 (0.24-1.03; P ¼ 0.027 for trend). A higher dietary intake of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3 n-3) was associated with a decreased risk of allergic sensitisation and allergic rhinitis with ORs (95% CIs) of 0.51 (0.28-0.93) and 0.43 (0.20-0.93), respectively, in the highest quartiles. No other dietary or cell membrane unsaturated fatty acid was significantly associated with the outcome variables, nor was the n-6/n-3 ratio. The strongest effects were observed among subjects under the age of 40 y. Conclusions: In this cross-sectional study among adults, a high content of n-3 fatty acids in RBC membranes (EPA) or in the diet (ALA) is associated with a decreased risk of allergic sensitisation and allergic rhinitis. Sponsorship: The study was supported by funds of the Kurt-Eberhard-Bode-Stiftung and the Bavarian Ministry of Environment, Health and Consumer Protection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Allergic sensitisation and allergic rhinitis are associated with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the diet and in red blood cell membranes

et al. 2005

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“…Certainly there are biochemical measurements suggesting an inverse relationship between n-3 FA status and atopic disease. The proportions of EPA, docosapentaenoic acid, and DHA were higher in umbilical cord serum phospholipids from nonallergic compared with allergic mothers (86). Higher n-3 PUFA in breast milk were associated with a decreased likelihood of atopy in the infants (87).…”

Section: Clinical Applications Of the Anti-inflammatory Effects Of N-mentioning

confidence: 97%

n−3 Polyunsaturated fatty acids and inflammation: From molecular biology to the clinic

Calder¹

2003

Lipids

454

311

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The immune system is involved in host defense against infectious agents, tumor cells, and environmental insults. Inflammation is an important component of the early immunologic response. Inappropriate or dysfunctional immune responses underlie acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. The n-6 PUFA arachidonic acid (AA) is the precursor of prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and related compounds that have important roles in inflammation and in the regulation of immunity. Feeding fish oil results in partial replacement of AA in cell membranes by EPA. This leads to decreased production of AA-derived mediators, through several mechanisms, including decreased availability of AA, competition for cyclooxygenase (COX) and lipoxygenase (LOX) enzymes, and decreased expression of COX-2 and 5-LOX. This alone is a potentially beneficial anti-inflammatory effect of n-3 FA. However, n-3 FA have a number of other effects that might occur downstream of altered eicosanoid production or might be independent of this effect. For example, dietary fish oil results in suppressed production of proinflammatory cytokines and can modulate adhesion molecule expression. These effects occur at the level of altered gene expression. Fish oil feeding has been shown to ameliorate the symptoms of some animal models of autoimmune disease and to protect against the effects of endotoxin. Clinical studies have reported that oral fish oil supplementation has beneficial effects in rheumatoid arthritis and among some asthmatics, supporting the idea that the n-3 FA in fish oil are anti-inflammatory. There are indications that the inclusion of fish oil in enteral and parenteral formulae is beneficial to patients.

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“…The PUFA composition of the phospholipid fraction has also been studied in cord blood and early infancy (20,(27)(28)(29)(30) ( Table 2). Disturbances in the n-6 PUFA composition were observed in cord blood of infants with a family history of allergy (20,27,29).…”

Section: Pufa and Atopic Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Polyunsaturated n−3 fatty acids and the development of atopic disease

Duchén

Björkstén

2001

Lipids

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The relationship between polyunsaturated longchain fatty acids and atopy has been discussed for decades. Higher levels of the essential fatty acids linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid and lower levels of their longer metabolites in plasma phospholipids of atopic as compared to nonatopic individuals have been reported by several, but not all, studies. Largely similar findings have been reported in studies of cell membranes from immunological cells from atopics and non-atopics despite differences in methodology, study groups, and definitions of atopy. An imbalance in the metabolism of the n-6 fatty acids, particularly arachidonic acid and dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid, leading to an inappropriate synthesis of prostaglandin (PG) E2 and PGE1 was hypothesized early on but has not been corroborated. The fatty acid composition of human milk is dependent on the time of lactation not only during a breast meal but also the time of the day and the period of lactation. This explains the discrepancies in reported findings regarding the relationship between milk fatty acids and atopic disease in the mother. Prospective studies show disturbances in both the n-6 and n-3 fatty acid composition between milk from atopic and nonatopic mothers. Only the composition of long-chain polyunsaturated n-3 fatty acids was related to atopic development in the children, however. A relationship between lower levels of n-3 fatty acids, particularly eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5 n-3), and early development of atopic disease is hypothesized.

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Phospholipid fatty acids in cord blood: family history and development of allergy

Cited by 52 publications

References 23 publications

Allergic sensitisation and allergic rhinitis are associated with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the diet and in red blood cell membranes

Allergic sensitisation and allergic rhinitis are associated with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the diet and in red blood cell membranes

n−3 Polyunsaturated fatty acids and inflammation: From molecular biology to the clinic

Polyunsaturated n−3 fatty acids and the development of atopic disease

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