Phospholipid Transfer Protein in the Placental Endothelium Is Affected by Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

HPEC contribute to the release of active PLTP into the fetal circulation. Pltp expression is increased in GDM with hyperglycemia and/or hyperinsulinemia contributing. High PLTP activity in fetal serum may enhance conversion of HDL into cholesterol-accepting particles, thereby increasing maternal-fetal cholesterol transfer.

Phospholipid Transfer Protein Is Expressed in Cerebrovascular Endothelial Cells and Involved in High Density Lipoprotein Biogenesis and Remodeling at the Blood-Brain Barrier

“…PLTP secreted to both compartments is active in transferring phospholipids, strongly supporting a role of BCEC-derived PLTP in lipid transport and metabolism at the blood-brain interface and possibly also in deeper regions of the brain. Intriguingly, and unlike reported recently in human fetoplacental endothelial cells (29,41), PLTP protein and activity were detectable also in pBCEC lysates, indicating that pBCEC retain a fraction of the produced protein in A-C, confluent pBCEC were incubated for 24 h in serum-free medium containing HDL 3 , PLTP-modified HDL particles increasing amounts of active plasma PLTP, or vehicle only (Ctrl). Intracellular proteins were extracted from cells, separated by SDS-PAGE (4 -12%), and blotted onto PVDF membranes.…”

“…After incubation for 30 min on ice, the mixture was centrifuged (12,000 ϫ g for 10 min) at room temperature, and radioactivity transferred to HDL 3 in the supernatant (500 l) was determined on a Tri-Carb 2100 TR Liquid Scintillation Counter (Packard Bioscience Co.) after mixing with 5 ml of Ultima Gold scintillation mixture. The specificity of the PLTP activity assay in pBCEC lysates and supernatants was validated by antibody inhibition and heat inactivation control experiments, as described recently (29). To control for inter-assay variability, an aliquot (1 l) of freshly thawed (Ϫ70°C) human plasma was included in each assay.…”

Review: Placental transport and metabolism of energy substrates in maternal obesity and diabetes

“…isolated from placental vessels increased PLTP levels and activity [81]. Several of the FABPs, 265 specifically -1, -4, and -5, were reported to be increased in placentae from women with pre-266 existing type 1 diabetes or GDM [54,55].…”

“…and not influenced by BMI in women with GDM [81]. Insulin treatment of endothelial cells 264 M A N U S C R I P T…”

The Role of Maternal-Fetal Cholesterol Transport in Early Fetal Life: Current Insights1

“…This process, similar to the situation in the yolk sac, is facilitated by MTTP. Recently, Scholler et al [35] reported a novel step in the maternal-fetal cholesterol transport mechanism by phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP). PLPT is expressed in the placental endothelium where it acts as a mediator in the formation of HDL particles.…”