Phospholipids and Alzheimer’s Disease: Alterations, Mechanisms and Potential Biomarkers

Kosicek, Marko; Hečimović, Silva

doi:10.3390/ijms14011310

Cited by 181 publications

(153 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Moreover, several studies have correlated the biochemical changes occurred in central nervous system with impaired brain function and its consequences in myocardium diseases (Black andGarbutt, 2002, Pereira et al, 2012). In both of these organs, phospholipids are very important biomolecules and their profile alterations have been related with many diseases of the brain and of the myocardium (Han, 2010, Kosicek M and Hecimovic S 2013, Salomon 2012. Therefore, we examined the effects of CUS on superoxide dismutase, catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase activities and glutathione oxidation in mice brain and myocardium.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations in phospholipidomic profile in the brain of mouse model of depression induced by chronic unpredictable stress

et al. 2014

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This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. AbstractDepression is a worldwide disability disease associated with high morbidity and has increased dramatically in the last few years. The differential diagnosis and the definition of an individualized therapy for Depression is hampered by the absence of specific biomarkers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the phospholipdiomic profile of brain and myocardium in a mouse model of depression induced by chronic unpredictable stress. The lipidomic profile was evaluated by thin layer and liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry and lipid oxidation was estimated by FOX II assay. Antioxidant enzymes activity and the GSH/GSSG ratio were also evaluated.Results showed that chronic stress affect primarily the lipid profile of the brain, inducing an increased in lipid hydroperoxides, which was not detected in the myocardium. A significant decrease in phospahtidylinositol (PI) and in cardiolipin (CL) relative contents and also oxidation of cardiolipin and significant increase of phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) were observed in in brain from mice after unpredictable chronic stress conditions. In myocardium only an increase in PC content was observed. Nevertheless, both organs present a decreased GSH/GSSG ratio when compared to control groups, corroborating the occurrence of oxidative stress. The enzyme activities CAT and SOD were found to be decreased in the myocardium and increased in the brain, while glutathione reductase (GR) was decreased in brain. Our results indicate that in a mouse model for studying depression induced by chronic unpredictable stress, the modification of the expression of oxidative stress related enzymes did not prevent lipid oxidation in organs, particularly in the brain. These observations suggest that depression has an impact in the brain lipidome and that further studies are needed to better understand lipid role in depression and to evaluate their potential as future biomarkers.3

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations in phospholipidomic profile in the brain of mouse model of depression induced by chronic unpredictable stress

et al. 2014

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“…Normal aging is accompanied by a gradual decrease and change in brain lipid composition ( 18 ), and in our CH population, there was normal GP turnover with homeostatic control of infl ammatory lipid levels in the SF and NP fractions. Under these conditions, processing of amyloid precursor protein and lipid-associated clearance of neurotoxic peptides are not hindered, PLA 2 activity is at a 'normal level," and neuroinfl ammation is controlled, resulting in slower neurodegeneration.…”

Section: Role Of Gp Metabolism In Clinical Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations in cerebrospinal fluid glycerophospholipids and phospholipase A2 activity in Alzheimer's disease

Fonteh

Chiang

Cipolla

et al. 2013

Journal of Lipid Research

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“…27 Additionally, both of these lipids have been shown to act as biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease. 28,29 In the current work, the levels of hydration and the location of the water in three-dimensional space around the headgroup within a bilayer has been assessed on the atomic length scale. Importantly, the hydration of specific headgroup moieties has been further compared to previous investigations on the atomic scale hydration of both ceramide 30 and phosphatidylcholine (PC) headgroup in solution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative atomic-scale hydration of the ceramide and phosphocholine headgroup in solution and bilayer environments

Gillams

Lorenz

McLain

2016

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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Previous studies have used neutron diffraction to elucidate the hydration of the ceramide and the phosphatidylcholine headgroup in solution. These solution studies provide bond-length resolution information on the system, but are limited to liquid samples. The work presented here investigates how the hydration of ceramide and phosphatidylcholine headgroups in a solution compares with that found in a lipid bilayer. This work shows that the hydration patterns seen in the solution samples provide valuable insight into the preferential location of hydrating water molecules in the bilayer. There are certain subtle differences in the distribution, which result from a combination of the lipid conformation and the lipid-lipid interactions within the bilayer environment. The lipid-lipid interactions in the bilayer will be dependent on the composition of the bilayer, whereas the restricted exploration of conformational space is likely to be applicable in all membrane environments. The generalized description of hydration gathered from the neutron diffraction studies thus provides good initial estimation for the hydration pattern, but this can be further refined for specific systems. Published by AIP Publishing. [http://dx

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Phospholipids and Alzheimer’s Disease: Alterations, Mechanisms and Potential Biomarkers

Cited by 181 publications

References 66 publications

Alterations in phospholipidomic profile in the brain of mouse model of depression induced by chronic unpredictable stress

Alterations in phospholipidomic profile in the brain of mouse model of depression induced by chronic unpredictable stress

Alterations in cerebrospinal fluid glycerophospholipids and phospholipase A2 activity in Alzheimer's disease

Comparative atomic-scale hydration of the ceramide and phosphocholine headgroup in solution and bilayer environments

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