Phosphonolipids in the Mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis

Abstract

Phospholipids, Phosphonolipids, M ytilus galloprovincialis, Mussels, Food Analysis One of the possible roles of phosphonolipids is that they have a contribution to the protec tion of cellular integrity and survival of aquatic organisms (mollusca, cnidaria) as these lipids are included at high percentages. The total lipids of the edible mussel Mytilus galloprovin cialis (Mollusca, Bivalvia, M ytilidae) were found to constitute 1.27% of fresh tissue. Polar lipid com ponents constitute 61.5% of the total lipids. After separation by Solid Phase Extrac tion, the polar lipid fraction was separated by two dimensional thin-layer chromatography and the total phosphorus of each component, was determined. The main polar lipids found were: Phosphatidylcholine, 41.6 ± 0.8% (of which 11.3 ± 0.5% was glyceryl ether analog); ceramide am inoethylphosphonate 11.2 ± 0.2% plus 2.8 ± 0.1% another minor species; phosphatidylethanolamine, 26.6 ± 0.5% (of which 12.2 ± 0.3% was glyceryl ether analog). The individual ceramide aminoethylphosphonate species were isolated by preparative thin layer chromatography and the structure of the major one was confirmed by a combination of analytical and chromatographic methods. Saturated fatty acyl groups with 16 carbon atoms were the main com ponents (48.4% ) of the major ceramide aminoethylphosphonate species. Diglyceride aminoethyl phosphonates were not found in lipids of M. galloprovincialis.

Sphingophosphonolipids, phospholipids, and fatty acids from aegean jellyfish Aurelia aurita

“…Esters were determined by the method of Snyder and Stephens (40), long-chain bases by the method of Lauter and Trams (41), glycerylethers by the method of Hanahan and Watts (42), and nitrogen according to the method of Hashmi et al (43). Mild alkaline hydrolysis (deacylation) was performed with NaOH (1.2 N) as described previously (21). Each class of NL and PL, in bulk, was quantitated by weight after elution from solid-phase extraction columns.…”

“…Individual PhL components were quantitated after separation of PL on 2D-TLC (20 × 20 cm, 0.25 mm thick), scraping each PhL spot directly into digestion tubes, with determination of total phosphorus as described previously (21).…”

“…CAEP together with its N-methyl analog ceramide 2-methylaminoethylphosphonic acid (CMAEP) is widely distributed in protozoa (10)(11)(12)(13), mollusks (1,(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21), and cnidaria (22,23). A number of SPnGL have been identified in lipid extracts from various specific tissues (nervous and muscle tissue, nerve fibers, ganglia, etc.)…”

Coordinated Regulation of Cold-Induced Changes in Fatty Acids with Cardiolipin and Phosphatidylglycerol Composition among Phospholipid Species for the Food Pathogen Listeria monocytogenes

“…Total phosphorus (33), esters (47), nitrogen (20), and glycerol (30) analysis was performed as described previously. Deacylation (27,54) was also performed in 0.1 ml of NaOH (1.2 N) in 50% (vol/vol) methanol at 45°C for 20 min. The PL in bulk were quantitated by weight after SPE column elution.…”

“…Each individual Phl band (cells 30°C) was quantified after 1D-TLC fractionation of the PL sample (ϳ10 g of phosphorus) with solvent A (n ϭ 10). Each iodine-visualized band was scraped into a digestion tube, and the total phosphorus content was determined (27). A 25-g phosphorus sample of the TLCextracted CL band (cells of 30°C) was dry acid methanolysed (51) by 400 l of 3 N methanolic HCl, and the molecular ratios (structural data) were determined in hydrolysis aliquots as described previously (28).…”