Phosphorene‐Based Electrocatalysts

Abstract

Phosphorene, generally defined as two-dimensional (2D) black phosphorus (BP) with monolayered or few-layered structure, has emerged as ap romising member of the family of 2D materials.S ince its discoveryi n2 014, extensive research has been focusedo nb roadening its applications, covering the biological, photoelectric, and electrochemical fields, owing to the unique physicochemical ands tructural properties. As as ingle-elemental material, phosphorene has demonstrated its applicability for the preparation of efficient electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction( HER), oxygen evolutionr eaction (OER), nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR), and other electrocatalytic applications. In this Minireview,asummary of the very recent research progresses of phosphorene in electrocatalysis is offered, with as pecial focus on the effective synthetic strategies towards performance improvement. In the concluding section, challenges and perspectives are also discussed. Figure 5. ORR performance of M-TLBP and M-CB in 0.1 m KOH. RRDE voltammograms of (a) Ag-TLBP and Ag-CB, (b) Au-TLBP and Au-CB, and (c) Pt-TLBP and Pt-CBa tthe rotationr ate of 1600 rpm with the ring potential set at + 1.5 V( vs. RHE). Reproduced with permission from Ref. [77].

2D Metal‐Free Nanomaterials Beyond Graphene and Its Analogues toward Electrocatalysis Applications

“…Since early 2014, phosphorene and its derivatives have aroused an upsurge of research in electrocatalysis, covering OER, HER, ORR, and NRR, because of the high charge-carrier mobility, tunable bandgap, as well as in-plane anisotropic properties. [90,91] Generally, phosphorus possesses four allotropes: white phosphorus, red phosphorus, violet phosphorus, and BP. Among these allotropes, white phosphorus and red phosphorus have been extensively researched, and violet phosphorus was hardly investigated with limited experimental data.…”

Chemical Functionalization of 2D Black Phosphorus toward Its Applications in Energy Devices and Catalysis: A Review

“…Currently, the Haber–Bosch process which requires high temperature (350–550 °C) and pressure (150–350 bar) has been responsible for almost 90% of the annual ammonia production, which accounts for more than 1% of the global energy consumption. [ 192 ] In this regard, the development of alternative methods for the production of NH 3 is of high interest. Electrocatalytic systems allow reactions to be carried out under mild conditions, which nicely fits the main requirements of “green chemistry.” However, the cleavage of a strong triple N ≡ N bond requires highly active catalysts.…”

Recent Advances in Electrochemical Water Splitting and Reduction of CO2 into Green Fuels on 2D Phosphorene‐Based Catalyst

“…a) Linear scanning voltammetry curves and b) Tafel graphs for BP, Ni 2 P/2D BP, and 20% Pt/C catalyst. Reproduced with permission [195b] . Copyright 2020, Elsevier.…”

“…The phosphorene-based materials have excellent electrocatalytic activity as they are metal-free semiconductors, and therefore BP-exfoliated phosphorene-based materials have been the center of attraction in the field of electrocatalysis. [194,195] 6.1. HER…”