Phosphorization Engineering on a MOF-Derived Metal Phosphide Heterostructure (Cu/Cu₃P@NC) as an Electrode for Enhanced Supercapacitor Performance

Abstract

A highly conductive and rationally constructed metal–organic framework (MOF)-derived metal phosphide with a carbonaceous nanostructure is a meticulous architecture toward the development of electrode materials for energy storage devices. Herein, we report a facile strategy to design and construct a new three-dimensional (3D) Cu-MOF via a solvent diffusion method at ambient temperature, which was authenticated by a single-crystal X-ray diffraction study, revealing a novel topology of (2,4,7)-connected three-nodal net named smm 4. Nevertheless, the poor conductivity of pristine MOFs is a major bottleneck hindering their capacitance. To overcome this, we demonstrated an MOF-derived Cu 3 P/Cu@NC heterostructure via low-temperature phosphorization of Cu-MOF. The electronic and ionic diffusion kinetics in Cu 3 P/Cu@NC were improved due to the synergistic effects of the heterostructure. The as-prepared Cu 3 P/Cu@NC heterostructure electrode delivers a specific capacity of 540 C g–1 at 1 A g–1 with outstanding rate performance (190 C g–1 at 20 A g–1) and cycle stability (91% capacity retention after 10,000 cycles). Moreover, the assembled asymmetric solid-state supercapacitor (ASC) achieved a high energy density/power density of 45.5 Wh kg–1/7.98 kW kg–1 with a wide operating voltage (1.6 V). Long-term stable capacity retention (87.2%) was accomplished after 5000 cycles. These robust electrochemical performances suggest that the Cu 3 P/Cu@NC heterostructure is a suitable electrode material for supercapacitor applications.

Fabrication of Unique Mixed-Valent CoICoII and CuICuII Metal–Organic Frameworks (MOFs) for Desulfurization of Fuels: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Approach toward Green Fuel

“…The peaks at 781.12 and 791.82 eV correspond to the Co + and Co 2+ species, respectively, for Co_PD-BP , while the peaks at 932.12 and 933.83 are suggestive of the presence of Cu + and Cu 2+ metal ions, respectively, in the case of Cu_PD-BP (Figure S4). , …”

“…In this context, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), a class of crystalline porous materials comprising organic linkers connected to metal building units via strong coordination bonds, have emerged as ultimate candidates for vast potential applications in the field of energy − and adsorption/separation. , The clever choice of the metal ions and organic ligands gives a well-defined highly tailored structure of MOFs with numerous geometrical features, which in turn decide their applications. The tunable porosity and surface area influence the promising application of MOFs in gas storage, separation, catalysis, and drug delivery.…”

NiCo-compounds inside and outside N-doped carbon nanotubes to construct a double-enhanced hierarchical structure for high energy density supercapacitors

“…5–7 In this regard, the microscopic morphology, electrical conductivity, and synergistic effects between multiple materials constitute the key factors for achieving the synthesis of high-performance electrode materials. 8,9…”

Nanostructured Cu3P–CoP Cathodes with 3D Urchin Morphology for Hybrid Supercapacitors

“…George et al have explained the effect and importance of the influence of the synthetic route on the morphological factors and chemical compositions for the development of ternary copper cobalt sulfide electrode materials, where the two different ternary metal sulfides provide a sufficient difference in specific capacity values, as the specific capacity of CuCo 2 S 4 is 966 C g –1 and that of CuS/Co 2 S is 157.1 C g –1 at 10 A g –1 . By evolving the morphologies and structural properties, a series of electrochemical advantages can be harvested through the generation of a porous architecture, continuous electron transport pathways, a 3D conducting network, and an enhanced active surface area. − Hussain et al studied the effect of the morphological evolution of Cu 3 P/Cu@NC sheets obtained from Cu-MOF, which provided substantial morphological and structural properties, resulting in a specific capacity of 540 C g –1 at 1 A g –1 …”