Phosphorus allocation to and resorption from leaves regulate the residence time of phosphorus in above‐ground forest biomass on Mount Kinabalu, Borneo

Tsujii, Yuki; Aiba, Shin‐ichiro; Kitayama, Kanehiro

doi:10.1111/1365-2435.13574

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…The only and most remarkable difference was in wood P concentration, where we found a clear trend of all cerrado species allocating very high amounts of P to the sapwood and heartwood. Wood nutrient allocation directly affects nutrient residence time at the whole-tree level: nutrients allocated to the canopy lead to larger flux via fast turnover, meaning a shorter residence time, compared to nutrients allocated to wood biomass (Tsujii et al, 2020). Our results agree with the current literature suggesting that P in tropical ecosystems is a key limiting nutrient (Malhi et al, 2009;Quesada et al, 2010) and may affect transition ecosystem dynamics (Dionizio et al, 2018), suggesting two distinct strategies in the cerrado and cerradão vegetation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Contrasting strategies of nutrient demand and use between savanna and forest ecosystems in a neotropical transition zone

et al. 2022

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Abstract. The total demand for and uptake of nutrients by vegetation is rarely quantified or compared across vegetation types. Here, we describe different nutrient use and allocation strategies in neotropical savanna (cerrado) and transitional forest (cerradão) tree communities composed of different species, report leaf nutrient resorption and calculate ecosystem-level nutrient use efficiency. We couple net primary productivity (NPP) estimates with nutrient stoichiometry to quantify nutrient demand and nutrient flows at the whole-stand scale for different components of vegetation biomass. Species from the two vegetation communities showed similar mean nutrient concentrations and nutrient resorption efficiency, except for wood P concentration that was fourfold higher in cerrado than cerradão species. The cerradão showed higher canopy NPP, while fine roots and wood NPP were similar for the two vegetation types. Nutrient requirement in the two vegetation types was dominated by the demands of the canopy, with canopy resorption generally contributing more than 50 % of the total canopy demand for nutrients, while less than 35 % of N, P, K, Ca and Mg were allocated to wood or fine roots. Proportionally, cerrado showed higher nutrient demand from fine roots (over 35 % of the total nutrient demand) and for the wood component (over 13 % of the total nutrient demand), while ∼ 60 %–70 % of the cerradão nutrient demand was allocated to the canopy. The proportional difference in nutrient allocation to the different biomass components suggests cerrado species allocate less nutrients to a given fine root biomass, but more nutrients to a given wood biomass. Our findings suggest that cerradão species are more limited in P and K than cerrado species, inducing higher resorption to compensate for low uptake. Moreover, we found that N uptake for cerradão was higher with lower N use efficiency, i.e. the amount of production per nutrient unit, leading higher N demand compared to the cerrado. This difference in nutrient dynamics explains how similar soils and the same climate dominated by savanna vegetation can also support forest-like formations. Tree species composition is likely the major factor regulating nutrient use, limiting vegetation transitions and influencing nutrient demand at landscape scales.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Contrasting strategies of nutrient demand and use between savanna and forest ecosystems in a neotropical transition zone

et al. 2022

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“…C. mongolicum seedlings showed divergent responses to N enrichment and water addition. When plants allocate more nutrients to short‐lived organs, rather than to woody organs, it can lead to a larger loss of nutrients (Tsujii et al 2020). In our study, we found that more N and P were allocated to roots under drought stress, especially to fine roots (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Involvement of soluble proteins in growth and metabolic adjustments of drought‐stressed Calligonum mongolicum seedlings under nitrogen addition

et al. 2020

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The planting of seedlings is the most effective measure for vegetation restoration. However, this practice is challenging in desert ecosystems where water and nutrients are scarce. Calligonum mongolicum is a sand-fixing pioneer shrub species, and its adaptive strategy for nitrogen (N) deposition and drought is poorly understood. • Thus, in a pot experiment, we studied the impacts of four N levels (0, 3, 6, 9 gNÁm −2-Áyear −1) under drought or a well-watered regime on multiple eco-physiological responses of 1-year-old C. mongolicum seedlings. • Compared to well-watered conditions, drought considerably influenced seedling growth by impairing photosynthesis, osmolyte accumulation and activity of superoxide dismutase and enzymes related to N metabolism. Nitrogen addition improved the productivity of drought-stressed seedlings, as revealed by increased water use efficiency, enhanced superoxide dismutase and nitrite reductase activity and elevated N and phosphorus (P) levels in seedlings. Nevertheless, the addition of moderate to high levels of N (6-9 gNÁm −2 Áyear −1) impaired net photosynthesis, osmolyte accumulation and nitrate reductase activity. N addition and water regimes did not markedly change the N:P ratios of aboveground parts; while more biomass and nutrients were allocated to fine roots to assimilate the insufficient resources. Soluble protein in assimilating shoots might play a vital role in adaptation to the desert environment. • The response of C. mongolicum seedlings to N addtion and drought involved an interdependency between soluble protein and morphological, physiological and biochemical processes. These findings provide an important reference for vegetation restoration in arid lands under global change.

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“…Above‐ground net primary productivity was lower on ultrabasic than on sedimentary soils at the same elevation, and sharply decreased with increasing elevation on both soils (Kitayama & Aiba, 2002). Trees show more resource‐conservative traits on phosphorus‐deficient, low‐productivity forests across our study sites (Tsujii, Aiba, & Kitayama, 2020). Particularly, we were interested to know if/how resource‐conservation traits of trees influence vegetative periodicity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Temperature is a dominant driver of distinct annual seasonality of leaf litter production of equatorial tropical rain forests

2020

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Intra‐annual periodicity of canopy photosynthetic activity and leaf development has been documented in seasonal and weakly seasonal tropical forests in the Amazon and elsewhere. However, vegetative periodicity such as leaf flush and fall in apparently ‘aseasonal’ equatorial tropical forests has not been well documented. Moreover, causal drivers of the vegetative periodicity in those forests have not been identified largely because of the difficulty in performing manipulative experiments targeting whole forest ecosystem dynamics. Here we show a distinct annual seasonality in canopy dynamics using a Fourier analysis with a statistical significance test on the long‐term, fortnightly monitored dataset of leaf litterfall in nine evergreen tropical rain forests on Mount Kinabalu, Borneo. Statistically significant annual periodicity occurs across elevations and soil types in all years irrespective of the year‐to‐year climatic variability, suggesting that fluctuations in regional climate rather than local micro‐climatic, edaphic and/or biotic conditions cause the precise 1‐year periodicity. We examine climatic factors that have causative effects on the distinct 1‐year periodicity using the spectrum convergent cross mapping that we developed in the present study that can distinguish causal relationships from seasonality‐driven synchronization. According to the analysis, we find that mean daily air temperature is most strongly, causatively related to the 1‐year periodicity of leaf litterfall. However, knowledge on ecophysiolocial and molecular mechanisms underlying temperature‐control of tropical tree growth is limited and further studies are required to understand the detailed mechanisms. Synthesis. We suggest that intra‐annual temperature changes in association with the movement of the intertropical convergence zone cause the distinct annual vegetative periodicity. Because vegetative periodicity can be transmitted to the dynamics of higher trophic levels through a trophic cascade, interactions between vegetative periodicity and daily air temperature, not rainfall, would more strongly cause changes in the dynamics of equatorial tropical rain forests. Our results show that clear vegetative periodicity (i.e. annual seasonality) can be found in equatorial tropical rain forests under diverse local environments, and that air temperature is a more important factor than the other climate variables in the climate–forest ecosystem interactions.

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Phosphorus allocation to and resorption from leaves regulate the residence time of phosphorus in above‐ground forest biomass on Mount Kinabalu, Borneo

Cited by 20 publications

References 56 publications

Contrasting strategies of nutrient demand and use between savanna and forest ecosystems in a neotropical transition zone

Contrasting strategies of nutrient demand and use between savanna and forest ecosystems in a neotropical transition zone

Involvement of soluble proteins in growth and metabolic adjustments of drought‐stressed Calligonum mongolicum seedlings under nitrogen addition

Temperature is a dominant driver of distinct annual seasonality of leaf litter production of equatorial tropical rain forests

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