Phosphorus and nitrogen derivatization as efficient route for improvement of lignin flame retardant action in PLA

Costes, Lucie; Laoutid, Fouad; Aguedo, Mário; Richel, Aurore; Brohez, Sylvain; Delvosalle, Christian; Dubois, Philippe

doi:10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2016.10.003

Cited by 155 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 33 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Moreover, its aromatic chemical leads to a high char yield after decomposition (around 40% at 900°C) . Various lignins (raw and chemically modified) were recently incorporated in various flame retardant systems for biobased polymers and biobased composites, including PBS since the pioneering work of De Chirico et al who incorporated lignin with APP in PP. Owing to the nature of the chemical groups linked to their aromatic structures, lignins can be dehydrated by polyacids such as APP and hence can be integrated in intumescent flame retardant systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal stability and fire reaction of poly(butylene succinate) nanocomposites using natural clays and FR additives

Dumazert

Rasselet

Pang

et al. 2017

Polymers for Advanced Techs

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal stability and fire reaction of poly(butylene succinate) nanocomposites using natural clays and FR additives

Dumazert

Rasselet

Pang

et al. 2017

Polymers for Advanced Techs

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…16 As a systematic study on the thermal properties and char yield, with structural variation of the main-and side chains of PPEs, is missing in the current literature, the main goal of this research was the preparation of modified PPEs via ADMET polycondensation, as a result of the variation of both the backbone and side chains. Furthermore, we used the efficient, recently revisited "click chemistry" of 1,2,4-triazoline-3,5-diones (TAD) 17,18 to modify the double bonds along the PPE backbone to further adjust the material properties.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Triazolinedione-“clicked” poly(phosphoester)s: systematic adjustment of thermal properties

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The thermal properties of halogen-free flame retardant poly(phosphoester)s from acyclic diene metathesis polycondensation have been optimized by a systematic post-modification using 1,2,4-triazoline-3,5-dione derivatives. The straightforward modification not only increased their glass transition temperatures significantly but also improved the thermal stability with respect to their char yields.Poly( phosphoester)s (PPEs) can be prepared via both ringopening polymerization and polycondensation.1,2 We recently applied ADMET polycondensation to prepare a variety of PPEs. [3][4][5][6] Currently, PPEs are studied in biomedical applications for their biocompatibility, 7 biodegradability and adjus- show higher resistance to leaching and migration, compared to low molecular weight additives. 9 Indeed, phosphorus is an efficient char promoter forming an accumulated protective layer on the materials surface, which limits the release of fuel to the flame. 10,11 Additionally, PPEs typically show low toxicity or almost smoke-free burning. 12,13 Recently, the combination of phosphorus-containing flame retardants with nitrogen compounds has attracted much attention. The combination of both elements physically and chemically can dramatically improve the action of the phosphorus species in the condensed phase upon combustion. 14,15 Nitrogen compounds are believed to act by the release of inert gases or by the promotion of char formation as a result of a condensation reaction.Besides phosphorus and nitrogen, the introduction of aromatic structures is also often mentioned to promote the charring. 16As a systematic study on the thermal properties and char yield, with structural variation of the main-and side chains of PPEs, is missing in the current literature, the main goal of this research was the preparation of modified PPEs via ADMET polycondensation, as a result of the variation of both the backbone and side chains. Furthermore, we used the efficient, recently revisited "click chemistry" of 1,2,4-triazoline-3,5-diones (TAD) 17,18 to modify the double bonds along the PPE backbone to further adjust the material properties. This TADene chemistry can not only be applied as a reliable and convenient post-modification reaction of unsaturated polymers but will also introduce additional nitrogen atoms into the PPEs, which is expected to have a positive influence on their flame retardant performance. TADs are one of the most reactive (di)enophiles and show quantitative conversions at room temperature with isolated alkenes or conjugated dienes, respectively in an Alder-ene or Diels-Alder reaction. TAD has recently been applied in a wide range of applications, such as self-healing, 19 surface chemistry, 20-22 and post-modification of unsaturated ADMET polymers. 23This is the first report on the post-modification of PPEs via their internal double bonds for tuning their thermal properties. Supposing that TAD-modification can increase the glass transition temperature (T g ), this would undoubtedly broaden the range of applications for PPEs...

show abstract

“…Lignin is a bio‐based phenolic compound receiving much attention in the past decade thanks to its aromatic structure. However, because of its high structural diversity, large molecular weight distribution, and variability in reactivity and composition, its performances is strongly dependent on its botanical origin and the extraction process used . Using natural and nonpolymeric bio‐based aromatic compounds could present an interesting pathway for overcoming these limitations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new direction in design of bio‐based flame retardants for poly(lactic acid)

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary A novel bio‐based nitrogen‐rich and phosphorus‐rich flame retardant (Phyt/PEI‐TA) was synthesized and characterized by Fourier transform infrared, inductively coupled plasma, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Thermal degradation and flame retardant properties of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) containing 20 wt% Phyt/PEI‐TA were investigated by TGA, cone calorimetry, and microcalorimeter of combustion (pyrolysis combustion flow calorimeter) measurements. Thermogravimetric analysis results showed that introduction of newly developed Phyt/PEI‐TA to PLA significantly improved its thermal stability, as signaled by much more amount of PLA char formed compared to the reference sample. Surprisingly, the use of Phyt/PEI‐TA did not decrease the onset degradation temperature of PLA. In agreement with TGA results, the cone calorimetry results approved excellent flame retardancy of PLA upon addition of Phyt/PEI‐TA (36% reduction in peak of heat release rate compared to that of neat PLA). Based on the analysis performed on the remainder of char after cone calorimeter test as well as analyses on heat release rate curves, the condensed phase action by promoting the formation of char was identified as principal impact of the Phyt/PEI‐TA on flame retardancy of PLA. Finally, the performance of developed bio‐based flame retardant was compared with more than 60 flame retardant systems previously reported in the literature.

show abstract

Phosphorus and nitrogen derivatization as efficient route for improvement of lignin flame retardant action in PLA

Cited by 155 publications

References 33 publications

Thermal stability and fire reaction of poly(butylene succinate) nanocomposites using natural clays and FR additives

Thermal stability and fire reaction of poly(butylene succinate) nanocomposites using natural clays and FR additives

Triazolinedione-“clicked” poly(phosphoester)s: systematic adjustment of thermal properties

A new direction in design of bio‐based flame retardants for poly(lactic acid)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About