Phosphorus Flow and Characterization in Dry‐Grind Corn Ethanol Plants

Alkan-Ozkaynak, Asli; Karthikeyan, K. G.

doi:10.2134/jeq2012.0055

Cited by 10 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…A higher concentration of the A. ficuum phytase was required to improve the phosphate level of the grains with solubles in this study. Other studies have used the A. ficuum phytase to treat corn distillers' grains with solubles or thin stillage in order to learn the concentration of phosphorus existing within the phytic acid present in each coproduct [24,25]. The coproduct thin stillage was found to contain 49.8% phytase-hydrolyzable phosphorus following treatment with the A. ficuum phytase [24,25].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other studies have used the A. ficuum phytase to treat corn distillers' grains with solubles or thin stillage in order to learn the concentration of phosphorus existing within the phytic acid present in each coproduct [24,25]. The coproduct thin stillage was found to contain 49.8% phytase-hydrolyzable phosphorus following treatment with the A. ficuum phytase [24,25]. With corn distillers' grains with solubles containing 54.2% phytase-hydrolysable phosphorus, it was clear that much of the phosphorus content of the grains with solubles was trapped within its phytic acid component [25].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The coproduct thin stillage was found to contain 49.8% phytase-hydrolyzable phosphorus following treatment with the A. ficuum phytase [24,25]. With corn distillers' grains with solubles containing 54.2% phytase-hydrolysable phosphorus, it was clear that much of the phosphorus content of the grains with solubles was trapped within its phytic acid component [25]. During this investigation, treatment of the grains with solubles with 4 units/g of A. ficuum phytase for 2 h indicated that the grains with solubles contained 49% phytase-hydrolyzable phosphorus similar to the prior study treating the grains with solubles with the A. niger phytase [25].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With corn distillers' grains with solubles containing 54.2% phytase-hydrolysable phosphorus, it was clear that much of the phosphorus content of the grains with solubles was trapped within its phytic acid component [25]. During this investigation, treatment of the grains with solubles with 4 units/g of A. ficuum phytase for 2 h indicated that the grains with solubles contained 49% phytase-hydrolyzable phosphorus similar to the prior study treating the grains with solubles with the A. niger phytase [25]. The findings from the current study also found that phosphorus can be released from the phytic acid present in the corn distillers' grains with solubles following the A. ficuum phytase treatment but the effectiveness of the phytase treatment was dependent upon incubation temperature and enzyme concentration.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The phytase from the fungus Aspergillus niger has been shown previously to effectively degrade phytic acid in coproducts from corn wet milling as well as in corn-soybean meal used in animal diets [22,23]. The phytase from Aspergillus ficuum has been used to treat corn distillers' grains with solubles or thin stillage which showed that each coproduct contained at least 50% phytasehydrolyzable phosphorus [24,25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Phytase Treatment on Phosphate Availability in the Potential Food Supplement Corn Distillers’ Grains with Solubles

West

2014

Journal of Food Processing

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The most effective treatment of the potential food supplement corn distillers’ grains with solubles using a fungal phytase to degrade phytic acid and release phosphorus was explored. Compared to the untreated grains with solubles, the phytic acid level in the grains with solubles was reduced by phytase treatment but treatment with 4 units of enzyme/g was more effective than 2 units of enzyme/g after 2 h. At 30°C or 45°C, 4 units of phytase/g reduced the phytic acid content of the grains with solubles by at least 94% after 2 h. The available phosphate in the grains treated for 2 h with 4 units of enzyme/g was increased by at least 1.5-fold compared to the untreated grains. Although phytic acid levels in the grains with solubles was reduced at 28°C, 30°C, 37°C, 40°C, or 45°C using 4 units of phytase/g for 2 h, the greatest reduction (96%) in phytic acid concentration occurred at 40°C. The available phosphate in the phytase-treated grains at 40°C was increased after 2 h by 1.9-fold compared to the control grains. Overall, phytase treatment of this potential food supplement improved it by increasing its phosphate content while reducing its phytic acid content.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Effect of Phytase Treatment on Phosphate Availability in the Potential Food Supplement Corn Distillers’ Grains with Solubles

West

2014

Journal of Food Processing

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Recovering phosphorus as a coproduct from corn dry grind plants: A techno‐economic evaluation

Juneja

Cusick

2020

Cereal Chem

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Background and objectives The coproduct of ethanol industry, dried distiller's grains with solubles (DDGS), has phosphorus content in excess of the animal diet requirement, which leads to excess P in manure and causes environmental concerns. The objective of this study is to determine the technical and economic feasibility of recovering this excess P as a coproduct. Findings The amount of P was observed to reduce from 9.26 to 3.25 mg/g (db) of DDGS, which is consistent with the animal diet requirement of 3–4 mg P/g animal diet. For an existing dry grind plant of 40 million gallon ethanol capacity, an additional fixed cost of $5.7 million was estimated, with an operating cost increase of $1.29 million/year. Conclusions The total phosphorus recovered from the plant was estimated as 1,676 kg P/day, with an estimated operating cost of $2.33/kg P recovered. Significance and novelty Approximately 37 million MT of DDGS is produced annually as animal food containing excess P, which is a serious concern for the environment. This study provides with an economically feasible solution to recover the excess P as a coproduct, which has a potential to be used as fertilizer on more than 56,000 acres of land annually, growing corn and soybean.

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Phosphorus fractionation and protein content control chemical phosphorus removal from corn biorefinery streams

Aguiar

Zhang

et al. 2020

J of Env Quality

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The economic viability of corn biorefineries depends heavily on the sale of coproducts as animal feeds, but elevated phosphorus (P) contents can exacerbate manure management issues. Phosphorus removal from light steep water and thin stillage, two concentrated in‐process aqueous streams at wet milling and dry‐grind corn biorefineries, could simultaneously generate concentrated fertilizer and low‐P animal feeds, but little is known regarding how differences in stream composition affect removal. To address this data gap, we show that the solubility of P in light steep filtrate (LSF) and thin stillage filtrate (TSF) exhibits distinct sensitivity to calcium (Ca) and base addition due to differences in P fractionation and protein abundance. In LSF, P was primarily organic, and near‐complete removal of P (96%) was observed at pH 8 and a Ca/total P (TP) ratio of 2. In TSF, TP removal was lower (81%), and there was more equal distribution of organic and orthophosphate, indicating that the Ca requirements of inorganic P precipitation were a limiting factor. The C/H/N ratio, elemental characterization, and crude protein analysis of the precipitated solids indicated that coprecipitation of amorphous solids containing Ca, Mg, and K with soluble proteins facilitated removal of P, particularly in LSF. Although the removal mechanisms and solubility limits differed, these results highlighted the magnitude (40–70 mM) and efficacy (80–96%) of P recovery from two biorefinery streams.

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Phosphorus Flow and Characterization in Dry‐Grind Corn Ethanol Plants

Cited by 10 publications

References 27 publications

Effect of Phytase Treatment on Phosphate Availability in the Potential Food Supplement Corn Distillers’ Grains with Solubles

Effect of Phytase Treatment on Phosphate Availability in the Potential Food Supplement Corn Distillers’ Grains with Solubles

Recovering phosphorus as a coproduct from corn dry grind plants: A techno‐economic evaluation

Phosphorus fractionation and protein content control chemical phosphorus removal from corn biorefinery streams

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