Phosphorus losses at the catchment scale within Europe: an overview

Kronvang, Brian; Vagstad, N.; Behrendt, Horst; Bøgestrand, Jens; Larsen, Søren E.

doi:10.1111/j.1475-2743.2007.00113.x

Cited by 122 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…11 The TP export from the terrestrial biosphere to the river network at the 1 km 2 scale land use at a global scale (Moree et al 2013); global soils (Van Vuuren et al 2010) or the projection of global P demand (Bouwman et al 2009). Kronvang et al (2007) modelled the TP flux from European countries draining into the Danube and calculated fluxes between 0.07 and 0.12 tonnes P/km 2 . Seitzinger et al (2005) estimated that the global flux of TP to the oceans was 11 Mtonnes P/year (0.074 tonnes P/km 2 /year) compared to 9 Mtonnes P/year (Meybeck 1982) and 20 Mtonnes P/year (Mackenzie et al 1993).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The fluvial flux of total reactive and total phosphorus from the UK in the context of a national phosphorus budget: comparing UK river fluxes with phosphorus trade imports and exports

et al. 2016

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A national river water quality database of total reactive phosphorus (TRP) and total phosphorus (TP) and flow was used, together with catchment characteristic datasets (soils, land use and hydroclimatic properties), to derive national fluvial phosphorus (P) flux estimates for Great Britain (England, Wales and Scotland) from 1974 to 2012. These fluvial P fluxes were compared with P imports and exports, in fertilizer, food, feedstuffs, and industrial products, along with coastal direct discharge of wastes, at the British national boundary from 1990 to 2012. The results showed that: (i) Average annual river TP concentrations in Great Britain have declined from a peak of 0.27-0.1 mg P/l and annual river TP flux has declined from 120 to 16 ktonnes P/year (0.49-0.06 tonnes P/km 2 /year); (ii) Average river TRP concentration has declined from a peak of 0.19-0.05 mg P/l and annual river TRP flux has declined from 71 to 10 ktonnes P/year (0.29-0.05 tonnes P/km 2 ); (iii) Over the period 2003-2012, even after the introduction of the Urban Waste Water Directive, 60 % of UK's TP flux was still from urban areas; and (iv) In 1990, the fluvial flux of TP from the UK was equivalent to 41 % of imports; by 2012 this had decreased to 15 %. The UK (relative to its boundary) continues to accumulate P and, over the last 15 years, this accumulation has increased at an average rate of 0.6 ktonnes P/year 2 . Enhanced removal of P in waste water treatment has shifted the environmental pathway of sewage P from discharge to rivers to accumulation in sewage sludge, which is largely disposed of on agricultural land, and which could eventually provide a sustained legacy source of P to rivers for decades. However, a substantial proportion of P accumulation is via food waste into landfills.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The fluvial flux of total reactive and total phosphorus from the UK in the context of a national phosphorus budget: comparing UK river fluxes with phosphorus trade imports and exports

et al. 2016

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“…It has subsequently been applied throughout Europe, e.g. to the Elbe, Rhine (De Wit and Behrendt, 1999;De Wit, 2000), Odra Behrendt and Dannowski, 2005), Danube (Schreiber et al, 2005), Po (Palmeri et al, 2005), Axios, Daugava, and Vistula rivers (Kronvang et al, 2007). For La Tordera, limited data availability advised against the use of a complex, dynamic model with higher temporal resolution.…”

Section: The Moneris Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling nitrogen and phosphorus loads in a Mediterranean river catchment (La Tordera, NE Spain)

Caille¹,

Riera

Rosell-Melé³

2012

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Human activities have resulted in increased nutrient levels in many rivers all over Europe. Sustainable management of river basins demands an assessment of the causes and consequences of human alteration of nutrient flows, together with an evaluation of management options. In the context of an integrated and interdisciplinary environmental assessment (IEA) of nutrient flows, we present and discuss the application of the nutrient emission model MONERIS (MOdelling Nutrient Emissions into River Systems) to the Catalan river basin, La Tordera (north-east Spain), for the period 1996-2002. After a successful calibration and verification process (Nash-Sutcliffe efficiencies E = 0.85 for phosphorus and E = 0.86 for nitrogen), the application of the model MONERIS proved to be useful in estimating nutrient loads. Crucial for model calibration, in-stream retention was estimated to be about 50 % of nutrient emissions on an annual basis. Through this process, we identified the importance of point sources for phosphorus emissions (about 94 % for 1996-2002), and diffuse sources, especially inputs via groundwater, for nitrogen emissions (about 31 % for 1996-2002). Despite hurdles related to model structure, observed loads, and input data encountered during the modelling process, MONERIS provided a good representation of the major interannual and spatial patterns in nutrient emissions. An analysis of the model uncertainty and sensitivity to input data indicates that the model MONERIS, even in datastarved Mediterranean catchments, may be profitably used by water managers for evaluating quantitative nutrient emission scenarios for the purpose of managing river basins. As an example of scenario modelling, an analysis of the changes in nutrient emissions through two different future scenarios allowed the identification of a set of relevant measures to reduce nutrient loads.

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“…Also no relationship could be developed between total phosphorus (TP) loss and P surplus on agricultural land in the 35 Nordic and Baltic investigated micro-catchments [KRONVANG et al 2007].…”

Section: Selected Problems Analyzed By River Eutrophication Studies Umentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A review of the professional literature in Poland of drainage waters has shown that analysed concentrations of 1 dm 3 most often do not exceed 20 mg N-NO 3 and 0.07 mg PO 4 [LIPIŃSKI 2000]. In an European review of micro-catchments, soil erosion and surface runoff was the dominant (53.4%) diffuse pathway [KRONVANG et al 2007]. Concentrations of phosphorus in drain water are very low (<0.1 mg P·l -1 ), in the main containing soluble inorganic P, which as a rule is lower than in the neighbouring stream and moreover, it is difficult to quantify the relationship between soil P concentrations measured in the topsoil and at the drain depth [DILS, HEATH-WAITE 1999].…”

Section: Tile Drainage Impact On Nutrient Leachingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emissions of nitrogen and phosphorus into rivers from agricultural land – selected controversial issues/ Ładunki azotu i fosforu wprowadzane do rzek z terenów rolniczych – wybrane dyskusyjne problemy

Ilnicki¹

2014

Journal of Water and Land Development

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The research methodology for determining the sources of nutrients responsible for the eutrophication of rivers and seas, as well as the extent of their load in particular drainage basins, has for many years been at the centre of vigorous discussion. In the Oder and Vistula river basin, apart from the calculation of monthly and annual loads of nitrogen and phosphorus, based on the discharge and chemical monitoring data of waters, the MONERIS (Modeling Nutrient Emissions in River Systems) model has also been applied in determining nutrient sources. This article, on the basis of a comprehensive review of the professional literature, shall cast a critical eye over six issues that have been at the centre of past robust discussion: 1) determining the balance of N and P in agriculture, 2) the effects of a significant improvement in sewage treatment, 3) impact of technology on agriculture, 4) determination of nutrient retention in drainage basins, 5) impact of tile drainage practices on the leaching of nutrients, 6) as well as the accuracy of calculations made according to the MONERIS model. It would appear that for practical purposes it is sufficient to determine given loads of N and P from the drainage basins of particular rivers, as well as to adjust the above mentioned model, or indeed -resign from the unproven methodology of determining nutrient sources in rivers.

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Phosphorus losses at the catchment scale within Europe: an overview

Cited by 122 publications

References 32 publications

The fluvial flux of total reactive and total phosphorus from the UK in the context of a national phosphorus budget: comparing UK river fluxes with phosphorus trade imports and exports

The fluvial flux of total reactive and total phosphorus from the UK in the context of a national phosphorus budget: comparing UK river fluxes with phosphorus trade imports and exports

Modelling nitrogen and phosphorus loads in a Mediterranean river catchment (La Tordera, NE Spain)

Emissions of nitrogen and phosphorus into rivers from agricultural land – selected controversial issues/ Ładunki azotu i fosforu wprowadzane do rzek z terenów rolniczych – wybrane dyskusyjne problemy

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