2011
DOI: 10.2166/wpt.2011.046
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Phosphorus removal by the use of apatite in constructed wetlands: Design recommendations

Abstract: Phosphorus (P) removal in constructed wetlands (CWs) has received particular attention during the last decades by using specific materials which promote P adsorption/precipitation phenomena. Recent studies have shown an interest in using apatite materials to promote P precipitation onto their surface. About ten years of experiments at different scales (laboratory, pilot, full scale) have passed. The process is now open in France. This paper presents the first design recommendations according to the apatite min… Show more

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Cited by 18 publications
(11 citation statements)
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“…Indeed, according to the results given in The products obtained by the use of iron sulfate may be iron hydroxides such as Fe(OH) 3 . Indeed, the iron phosphates are usually obtained for pH between 6 and 7 (Molle et al 2010;Comeau and Ardelain 2006). The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) views reveal that the precipitates present an amorphous and homogenous appearance (SEM images of Fig.…”
Section: Characteristics Of the Precipitates Obtainedmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Indeed, according to the results given in The products obtained by the use of iron sulfate may be iron hydroxides such as Fe(OH) 3 . Indeed, the iron phosphates are usually obtained for pH between 6 and 7 (Molle et al 2010;Comeau and Ardelain 2006). The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) views reveal that the precipitates present an amorphous and homogenous appearance (SEM images of Fig.…”
Section: Characteristics Of the Precipitates Obtainedmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…With respect to phosphorus removal, different physico-chemical processes are used in constructed wetland systems. Most subsurface flow (SSF) CW systems use filter media with high phosphorus sorption capacity (Molle et al, 2011;Vohla et al, 2011) but can be a problem when looking for a cheap and efficient solution on a long term. In the Azoé-NP ® process however, phosphorus is precipitated by injection of FeCl 3 at the outflow of the trickling filter and removed by filtration through the partially saturated VFCW as highlighted by Kim et al (2013).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Therefore products obtained by the use of iron sulfate may be iron hydroxides such as Fe(OH) 3 . Indeed the iron phosphates are usually obtained for pH between 6 and 7) (Comeau andArdelain, 2006 andMolle, 2010; where the nature of the coagulant sulfate hydrated iron seven times (FeSO 4 .7H 2 O). The phosphate removal has been carried out by the calcium ions.…”
Section: Characteristics Of Precipitatesmentioning
confidence: 99%